1、excuse:v.原谅·词性转换:2026春新外研八下英语单词拓展Unit 4 Helping out·例句:We went to the park to enjoy the sunshine yesterday.(昨天我们去公园享受阳光了。)名词(n.):excuse借口;理由形容词(adj.):excusable可原谅的;情有可原的副词(adv.):excusably可原谅地·固定搭配:①(v.)excuse me劳驾②(v.)excuse sb.for doing sth.原谅某人做某事③(n.)make an excuse找借口④(n.)without excuse无故;没有理由·例句:Excuse me,where is the nearest bus stop?(劳驾,最近的公交车站在哪里?)2、purple:adj.紫色的·词性转换:名词(n.):purple紫色·固定搭配:①(adj.)purple flowers紫色的花②(n.)dark purple深紫色③(n.)light purple浅紫色·例句:She is wearing a purple dress today.(她今天穿了一条紫色的连衣裙。)3、crayon:n.彩色蜡笔·词性转换:动词(v.):crayon用蜡笔/粉笔画·固定搭配:①(n.)a box of crayons一盒彩色蜡笔②(n.)draw with crayons用蜡笔画画·例句:The little girl is drawing a picture with crayons.(小女孩正在用蜡笔画画。)4、five-year-old:adj.五岁的·固定搭配:①(adj.)a five-year-old boy一个五岁的男孩·例句:The five-year-old child can already count to 100.(这个五岁的孩子已经能数到100了。)5、sunshine:n.阳光·词性转换:形容词(adj.):sunny晴朗的;阳光充足的名词(n.):sun太阳·固定搭配:①(n.)bright sunshine明媚的阳光②(n.)enjoy the sunshine享受阳光③(adj.)sunny day晴天6、virus:n.病毒·词性转换:形容词(adj.):viral病毒的;病毒性的·固定搭配:①(n.)computer virus计算机病毒②(adj.)viral infection病毒感染③(n.)spread a virus传播病毒·例句:The doctor said he was infected with a common virus.(医生说他感染了一种常见病毒。)7、afford:v.买得起,付得起·词性转换:形容词(adj.):affordable负担得起的名词(n.):affordability可负担性·固定搭配:①(v.)afford to do sth.有能力做某事(承担得起)②(v.)can’t afford买不起;承担不起③(adj.)affordable prices实惠的价格·例句:We can’t afford to buy a new house now(.我们现在买不起新房子。)8、disappointment:n.失望,扫兴,沮丧·词性转换:动词(v.):disappoint使失望形容词(adj.):disappointed感到失望的形容词(adj.):disappointing令人失望的·固定搭配:①(n.)to one’s disappointment令某人失望的是②(n.)express disappointment表达失望③(n.)a great disappointment极大的失望·例句:To my disappointment,the concert was cancelled.(令我失望的是,音乐会取消了。)9、X-ray:n.X光检查·词性转换:动词(v.):X-ray给……拍X光形容词(adj.):X-ray X光的·固定搭配:①(n.)have an X-ray做X光检查②(adj.)X-ray film X光片③(v.)X-ray a patient给病人拍X光·例句:The doctor asked him to have an X-ray of his chest.(医生让他做胸部X光检查。)10、treatment:n.治疗,诊治;疗法·词性转换:动词(v.):treat治疗;对待;款待·固定搭配:①(n.)medical treatment医疗治疗②(n.)receive treatment接受治疗③(v.)treat sb.well/badly善待/虐待某人·例句:He is receiving treatment for his illness in the hospital.(他正在医院接受疾病治疗。)11、pocket:n.衣袋,口袋·词性转换:动词(v.):pocket把……装进口袋形容词(adj.):pocket袖珍的;小型的·固定搭配:①(n.)pocket money零花钱②(n.)in one’s pocket在某人的口袋里③(v.)pocket the money把钱装进口袋④(adj.)pocket dictionary袖珍词典·例句:My mother gives me 20 yuan as pocket money every week.(妈妈每周给我20元零花钱。)12、illness:n.病,疾病·词性转换:形容词(adj.):ill生病的;坏的·固定搭配:①(n.)serious illness重病②(n.)suffer from an illness患病③(n.)recover from an illness从疾病中康复·例句:She missed school because of a serious illness.(她因为重病没去上学。)13、wheelchair:n.轮椅·固定搭配:①(n.)push a wheelchair推轮椅②(n.)sit in a wheelchair坐在轮椅上③(n.)wheelchair access轮椅通道(无障碍通道)·例句:The old man can’t walk,so he uses a wheelchair.(这位老人不能走路,所以他用轮椅。)14、public:adj.公众的,大众的;公共的·词性转换:名词(n.):public公众;民众副词(adv.):publicly公开地;当众·固定搭配:①(adj.)public place公共场所②(adj.)public transport公共交通③(n.)the general public普通民众④(n.)go public公开,公之于众·例句:Smoking is not allowed in public places.(公共场所不允许吸烟。)15、mention:v.提到,说起,谈到·词性转换:名词(n.):mention提及;说起形容词(adj.):mentioned被提及的·固定搭配:①(v.)mention sth.to sb.向某人提及某事②(n.)make a mention of提及;提到·例句:She mentioned her new job to me yesterday.(昨天她跟我提到了她的新工作。)16、directly:adv.直接地·词性转换:形容词(adj.):direct直接的;直达的;坦率的动词(v.):direct指导;导演·固定搭配:①(adv.)talk directly to sb.直接和某人交谈②(adv.)go directly home直接回家·例句:He went directly to the office after breakfast.(早餐后他直接去了办公室。)17、solution:n.解决,解决方法·词性转换:动词(v.):solve解决;解答形容词(adj.):soluble可溶解的;可解决的·固定搭配:①(n.)solution to sth.某事的解决方法/溶液②(n.)find a solution找到解决方法③(v.)solve a problem解决问题·例句:We need to find a solution to this difficult problem.(我们需要找到这个难题的解决方法。)18、bottle:n.瓶子·词性转换:动词(v.):bottle把……装入瓶中名词(n.):bottler装瓶工;装瓶机·固定搭配:①(n.)a bottle of一瓶②(n.)plastic bottle塑料瓶③(v.)bottle juice把果汁装瓶·例句:Can you buy me a bottle of milk on your way back?(你回来的路上能帮我买一瓶牛奶吗?)19、exam:n.考试·词性转换:动词(v.):examine检查;考试;测验·固定搭配:①(n.)take an exam参加考试②(n.)pass/fail an exam通过/未通过考试③(n.)final exam期末考试·例句:She is busy preparing for the math exam(.她正忙着准备数学考试。)20、dialogue:n.对话,对白·词性转换:动词(v.):dialogue对话;交换意见·固定搭配:①(n.)have a dialogue进行对话②(n.)English dialogue英语对话③(n.)dialogue between two countries两国间对话④(v.)dialogue with sb.与某人对话·例句:The two characters in the play have a long dialogue.(剧中的两个角色有一段很长的对白。)21、flu:n.流行性感冒,流感·固定搭配:①(n.)catch the flu患流感②(n.)flu vaccine流感疫苗③(n.)have a bad flu得了重流感·例句:He caught the flu and had to stay in bed for a week.(他得了流感,不得不卧床一周。)22、homeless:adj.无家可归的·词性转换:名词(n.):homelessness无家可归的状况动词(v.):home安家;定居·固定搭配:①(adj.)homeless people无家可归的人②(adj.)help the homeless帮助无家可归者③(adj.)homeless shelter收容所·例句:Many volunteers are working to help名词(n.):firewoman(女消防队员,复数firewomen)名词(n.):firefighter消防员·固定搭配:①(n.)fireman’s uniform消防服②(n.)call the firemen叫消防员·例句:The firemen arrived quickly and put out the fire.(消防员很快到达,扑灭了火。)25、against:prep.反对·固定搭配:①(prep.)be against sth.反对某事②(prep.)play against与……比赛③(prep.)lean against靠着④(prep.)against the wind逆风·例句:Most people are against this new policy.(大多数人反对这项新政策。)26、graduate:v.大学毕业·词性转换:名词(n.):graduate毕业生名词(n.):graduation毕业形容词(adj.):graduate研究生的·固定搭配:①(v.)graduate from从……毕业②(n.)college graduate大学毕业生③(n.)graduation ceremony毕业典礼·例句:She graduated from Peking University last year.(她去年从北京大学毕业。)27、college:n.大学;学院·固定搭配:①(n.)attend college上大学②(n.)college student大学生homeless people(.归的人。)很多志愿者正在努力帮助无家可③(n.)medical college医学院·例句:He will attend a famous college in the US 23、soldier:n.士兵,军人next year(.明年他将去美国一所著名的大学上学。)·词性转换:动词(v.):soldier当兵;坚持形容词(adj.):soldierly军人般的;勇敢的·固定搭配:①(n.)army soldier陆军士兵②(n.)brave soldier勇敢的士兵③(n.)serve as a soldier当兵·例句:His father was a soldier when he was young.(他父亲年轻时是一名士兵。)24、fireman:n.消防队员·词性转换:复数形式:firemen28、goodwill:n.好意,亲善,友善·词性转换:名词(n.):goodwill商誉·固定搭配:①(n.)with goodwill怀着善意②(n.)goodwill between countries国家间的亲善③(n.)business goodwill商业商誉·例句:She helped the old man with goodwill.(她怀着善意帮助了这位老人。)29、warmth:n.温暖;热情·词性转换:形容词(adj.):warm温暖的;热情的动词(v.):warm使温暖;变暖和·固定搭配:①(n.)the warmth of the sun太阳的温暖②(n.)warmth of friendship友谊的温情③(v.)warm sb.up使某人暖和起来·例句:We felt the warmth of the sun when we sat on the beach.(坐在沙滩上时,我们感受到了太阳的温暖。)30、means:n.手段;方法;工具·词性转换:名词(n.):means财富,收入(单复数同形)动词(v.):mean意思是;意味着;打算形容词(adj.):meaningful有意义的形容词(adj.):meaningless无意义的·固定搭配:①(n.)by means of通过……方法②(n.)by no means绝不,一点儿都不③(n.)a means of transport交通工具④(v.)mean to do sth.打算做某事·例句:We can solve this problem by means of discussion.(我们可以通过讨论的方法解决这个问题。)31、klucy:adj.运气好的,幸运的·词性转换:反义词(adj.):unlucky不幸的名词(n.):luck运气;好运副词(adv.):luckily幸运地反义词(adv.):unluckily不幸地·固定搭配:①(adj.)be lucky to do sth.幸运地做某事②(n.)good luck好运③(adj.)lucky day幸运日·例句:She is lucky to get such a good job.(她很幸运能得到这么好的工作。)。
""""""此处省略40%,请
登录会员,阅读正文所有内容。