2025年北京英语高考真题带答案带解析带分值.docx
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(网络收集)2025年北京英语高考真题带答案带解析带分值文字版第一部分知识运用(共两节,30分)第一节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)一、阅读下面短文,掌握其大意,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。1.At 15,I excelled academically yet felt overshadowed and unnoticed.The(1)to stand out consumed me,pushing me towards a regrettable decision.One day,during a class in the IT lab with my classmates,our teacher mentioned missing computer parts.(2)looks exchanged,everyone wondered how it could happen in a(n)(3)lab."It’s possible to open that lock with another key,"I said.Instantly,eyes turned to me with newfound interest and curiosity.It was a rush I had never experienced before.Enjoying all the eyes on me,I(4)how to open the lock.Little did I realize that single moment would ruin everything.The following day,called to the headmaster’s office,I found myself accused of stealing the missing parts."I didn’t do it,sir,"I argued,but suspicion(5)his eyes.His repeated(6)intensified,pushing me to the edge of fear and tears.In a desperate attempt to escape the mounting pressure,I(7)confessed(承认).The headmaster asked my father to come to school,whose shaky faith in me brought a mix of relief and(8).My father gently asked me if I understood the gravity of my actions.(9),I confessed my misguided longing for recognition.In the headmaster’s office,my father listened attentively,and then spoke with quiet authority:"I trust my son.He is not a thief."With my father`s support,I learned a valuable lesson:(10)cannot be forced;true recognition comes from honourable acts.(1)A.promise B.competition C.desire D.hesitation(2)A.Curious B.Hopeful C.Distant D.Envious(3)A.expensive B.locked C.modern D.abandoned(4)A.discovered B.recommended C.demonstrated D.imagined(5)A.caught B.clouded C.hurt D.brightened(6)A.questioning B.reminding C.complaining D.requesting(7)A.warmly B.readily C.randomly D.falsely(8)A.pride B.patience C.shame D.surprise(9)A.Generously B.Tearfully C.Carelessly D.Strangely(10)A.tolerance B.gratitude C.sympathy D.attention【答案】(1)C(2)A(3)B(4)C(5)B(6)A(7)D(8)C(9)B(10)D【解析】文章大意本文讲述了15岁的“我”因渴望被关注,在IT实验室向同学展示如何打开锁,却因此被指控偷窃电脑零件,最终在父亲的信任下明白“真正的认可源于正直行为”的故事。(1)考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“felt overshadowed and unnoticed”(感觉被忽视),可知“我”有强烈的“渴望”脱颖而出。“the desire to do sth.”表示“做某事的渴望”,符合语境。A选项“promise”(承诺);B选项“competition”(竞争);C选项“desire”(渴望);D选项“hesitation”(犹豫)。故选C(2)考查形容词词义辨析。根据前文“our teacher mentioned missing computer parts”(老师提到电脑零件丢失了)可知,老师提到电脑零件丢失后,同学们交换的是“好奇的”眼神,因为大家想知道在实验室怎么会发生这种事。A选项“Curious”(好奇的);B选项“Hopeful”(充满希望的);C选项“Distant”(遥远的;冷漠的);D选项“Envious”(羡慕的;嫉妒的)。故选A(3)考查形容词词义辨析。从后文校长怀疑“我”是小偷可推测,物品应该是“锁着的”,“我”打开了它才被怀疑。A选项“expensive”(昂贵的);B选项“locked”(锁着的);C选项“modern”(现代的);D选项“abandoned”(被遗弃的)。故选B(4)考查动词词义辨析。“我”享受被关注,所以“演示”了如何开锁。A选项“discovered”(发现);B选项“recommended”(推荐);C选项“demonstrated”(展示;证明);D选项“imagined”(想象)。故选C(5)考查动词词义辨析。校长的眼中“充满”怀疑。“clouded”在此处表示“遮蔽”,体现怀疑的情绪;A选项“caught”(抓住);B选项“clouded”(遮蔽);C选项“hurt”(伤害);D选项“brightened”(使变亮;使愉快)。“caught”、“hurt”、“brightened”均与“suspicion”搭配不当。故选B(6)考查动词词义辨析。校长反复的“询问”让“我”濒临恐惧。A选项“questioning”(质问;询问);B选项“reminding”(提醒);C选项“complaining”(抱怨);D选项“requesting”(请求)。“questioning”指“质问、询问”,符合被指控时的场景。故选A(7)考查副词词义辨析。“我”在压力下“虚假地”承认了指控,因为后文提到“我”并非小偷。“falsely”表示“错误地、虚假地”,与“confessed”搭配正确。A选项“warmly”(热情地);B选项“readily”(乐意地;容易地);C选项“randomly”(随机地);D选项“falsely”(错误地;虚假地)。故选D(8)考查名词词义辨析。父亲对“我”的信任动摇,让“我”感到一丝解脱,但更多的是“羞愧”。“shame”(羞愧)符合因误解而失望的心理A选项“pride”(骄傲);B选项“patience”(耐心);C选项“shame”(羞愧);D选项“surprise”(惊讶)。故选C(9)考查副词词义辨析。“我”“含泪地”坦白了自己对认可的错误渴望。前文提到“fear and tears”,此处呼应情绪,用“Tearfully”(含泪地)最合适。A选项“Generously”(慷慨地);B选项“Tearfully”(泪流满面地);C选项“Carelessly”(粗心地);D选项“Strangely”(奇怪地)。故选B(10)考查名词词义辨析。根据前文“my misguided longing for recognition”可知,这里说“关注”不能被强迫,真正的认可来自可敬的行为。A选项“tolerance”(宽容;容忍);B选项“gratitude”(感激);C选项“sympathy”(同情);D选项“attention”(关注;注意力)。故选D【分值】15第二节(共10小题;每小题1.5分,共15分)二、阅读下列短文,根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词,在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。请在答题卡指定区域作答。2.A Most days after school,I love walking in the forest with my dog Nick.It`s(1)(peace),especially around sunset.Nick has a fun time smelling the leaves and running after rabbits.When Nick runs ahead,I hear him barking excitedly.I sometimes call him back,worried that he might have someone(2)(scare).The truth,though,is(3)could be guessed—there’s never anyone else here.Just me,Nick,and the quiet forest.B When was the last time you took on a tough choice?Maybe this morning you debated whether to get up or stay in bed slightly(4)(long).Making choices is part of life.By the time you brushed your teeth,you(5)(make)several decisions even without noticing.Some choices are quick,while others take more thought.Usually,better outcomes(6)(achieve)through a thorough understanding of strategies like risk tolerance.C When(7)(travel),we engage with cultures and experiences.However,according to a report by the World Wildlife Fund,tourists(8)(leave)over 1.3 billion tons of food waste last year,(9)accounted for about 8%of the total global gas release in 2024.To reduce our impact,we can take simple steps:empty the fridge before heading out,and choose sustainable dining options.These efforts help us travel more responsibly.After all,exploring the world shouldn’t come(10)the planet’s expense.【答案】(1)peaceful(2)scared(3)what(4)longer(5)had made(6)are achieved(7)traveling(8)left(9)which(10)at【解析】(1)考查形容词。系动词“is”后接形容词作表语,“peace”的形容词形式为“peaceful”,表示“宁静的”。故填peaceful(2)考查非谓语动词。“have sb.+过去分词”表示“使某人被……”,此处指“担心他可能吓到别人”,“scare”的过去分词为“scared”。故填scared(3)考查表语从句引导词。分析句子结构可知,此空引导的是表语从句,从句中缺少主语,用“what”引导,指代“可以被猜到的事情”。故填what(4)考查形容词比较级。“stay in bed slightly______”表示“在床上多待一会儿”,根据语境可知用比较级“longer”(更长时间)。故填longer(5)考查过去完成时。“by the time+一般过去时”主句用过去完成时,表示“到刷牙时,已经做出了几个决定”,过去完成时结构为“had+过去分词”。故填had made(6)are achieved解析:考查动词的时态和语态。achieve在句中作谓语,“outcomes”(结果)与“achieve”(实现)为被动关系,且描述一般情况,用一般现在时的被动语态,结构为:am/is/are+动词的过去分词,主语是复数。故填are achieved(7)考查状语从句的省略。when引导的时间状语从句中,主语与主句一致(we)且从句中含有be动词,可省略主语和be动词,用现在分词“traveling”表主动。故填traveling(8)考查动词的时态。“last year”为过去的时间,句子用一般过去时,“leave”的过去式为“left”。故填left(9)考查非限制性定语从句。分析句子结构可知,此空是非限制性定语从句引导词,非限制性定语从句修饰“1.3 billion tons of food waste”,用“which”引导,在从句中作主语。故填which(10)考查固定搭配。“at someone’s expense”表示“以……为代价”,是固定搭配。此处指“探索世界不应以牺牲地球为代价”。故填at【分值】15第二部分阅读理解(共两节,38分)第一节(共14小题;每小题2分,共28分)三、阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中,选出最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。3.A Join us for TransForm,the interactive summer camp that helps you teens find your passion by participating in various activities and connecting with others.Experience TransForm TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks,hands-on workshops,and off-site experiences.However,if you are unsure what track you want,you still get to explore any workshop you want as part of our Explore Workshops.Besides,your parents will also be able to participate in workshops selected just for them to learn about cutting-edge science.Schedule of Programming Programming Tracks·Agricultural Science:Introducing you to areas such as biology,urban farming,and environmental science so that you can explore the field of agriculture·Community Booster:Guiding you to develop innovative solutions for real-world challenges and create transformative progress to benefit all communities·Healthy Living:Empowering you to make healthy decisions in such areas as nutrition and emotional well-being,and lead healthy lifestyles·Science Lab:Leading you to explore the skills you need to succeed in life in key areas like computer science,robotics,and physics(1)TransForm allows the teens to____________.A.select workshops for their parents B.prepare track topics for the camp C.design programme activities D.attend hands-on sessions(2)According to the schedule,which activity can the teens participate in?A.Keynote Speech on 17 July.B.Youth Panel on 18 July.C.Celebration on 19 July.D.Programme Showcase on 20 July.(3)What can the teens do in the programming tracks?A.Build urban communities.B.Serve as guides on a farm.C.Learn about healthy living.D.Volunteer in a science lab.【答案】(1)D(2)B(3)C【解析】A文章大意:本文是关于TransForm这个夏令营的信息。(1)考查细节理解。题干句意:TransForm这个夏令营允许青少年做什么?根据文中“TransForm allows you to get to focus on your chosen track through subject matter talks,hands-on workshops,and off-site experiences.”可知,青少年可以参加“动手实践的工作坊(hands-on workshops)”。选项D“attend hands-on sessions”与原文表述一致。其他选项中,A(为父母选择工作坊)、B(准备营地的轨道主题)、C(设计项目活动)均未在文中提及。故选D(2)考查细节理解。题干句意:根据时间表,青少年能参加哪个活动?查看日程安排:17日(17 July)的活动包括“Lead to Change Kick-off”“Programme Showcase”和“Track Workshops”,无“Keynote Speech”,故A错误。18日(18 July)的活动中有“Youth Panel”(13:00-14:15),故B正确。19日(19 July)的活动包括“Off-site Experiences”“Gallery Viewing”和“Adult Workshops”,“Celebration”在20日(20 July),故C错误。20日(20 July)的“Programme Showcase”未在日程中出现,该活动在17日,故D错误。故选B(3)考查细节理解。题干句意:青少年在课程轨道(programming tracks)中能做什么?A选项:建设城市社区。根据“Community Booster”可知,这个轨道是引导青少年为现实世界挑战开发创新解决方案,造福社区,不是建立城市社区,A错误。B选项:在农场担任向导。根据“Agricultural Science”可知,这个轨道介绍农业领域知识,但没说青少年在农场当导游,B错误。C选项:健康生活。在“Healthy Living”轨道中,青少年可以学习在营养和情感健康等方面做出健康决策,过上健康生活,也就是可以学习健康生活知识,C正确。D选项:在科学实验室做志愿者。根据“Science Lab”可知,这个轨道引导青少年探索计算机科学、机器人技术和物理等关键领域的技能,不是在科学实验室做志愿者,D错误。故选C【分值】6 4.B Throughout our Junior year,my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay.Will the golden word"success”form in their minds when they review our achievements?Or will they see the big word“fail”in red?The shadow of this mysterious(神秘的)institution steals away what success means to us.My first step of redefining success began with course registrations.It is a well-known fact,especially in my school,that Junior year is the time of packing many AP classes into the schedule.When asked why they chose so many AP classes,my friends responded:"I don’t know."They themselves don’t know why they are following the crowd and longing for the pressures of academic difficulty.Therefore,they do not feel the satisfaction of being academically challenged.Completing many courses no longer brings out the feeling of success because more than four AP classes per year is a norm set by top universities.Determined to follow my instincts(本能)on what I felt success means,I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.Even my failures are attached to a feeling of success;after I take a step back and look at the big picture,I see them as a launching pad(平台)for my next big achievement.In the ninth grade,I went in for my first group interview for a leadership position as a shy girl.Not standing a chance against competitive applicants,I came out of the interview with an upset look.Nevertheless,this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity.I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself.This year,with an open mind and new knowledge in mind,I walked into another group interview while telling myself I was that cool senior.I managed to secure a leadership position.Ultimately,success came little by little.(1)Throughout the Junior year,what was the author’s major concern?A.Pressure from choosing AP classes.B.Performance in group interviews.C.Competition with seniors.D.Recognition by colleges.(2)The author chose fewer AP classes because of________.A.her own understanding of success B.her desire for academic challenges C.her strong urge to follow the crowd D.her dream of entering a top university(3)Which would best describe the author’s first group interview?A.Dignifying.B.Rewarding.C.Engaging.D.Relaxing.(4)What can we learn from this passage?A.Everyone is the maker of their own success.B.Success favours those with a golden heart.C.Success knocks at your door only once.D.A college holds the key to success.【答案】(1)D(2)A(3)B(4)A【解析】B文章大意:文章讲述作者没有像同学一样盲目追求很多AP课程,而是按照自己对成功的理解选择课程,并且从第一次面试失败中学习,最终获得成功,强调了每个人对成功有自己的定义,并且可以通过自己的方式获得成功。(1)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意:在整个高三学年,作者主要关心的是什么?根据文章第一段“Throughout our Junior year,my classmates and I have been worried about what colleges will see when they look at our whole life story reduced to a single 200-word essay.Will the golden word"success”form in their minds when they review our achievements?Or will they see the big word“fail”in red?(在整个高三学年,我和我的同学们一直担心,当大学把我们的人生故事浓缩成一篇200字的短文来看时,他们会看到什么。当他们审视我们的成就时,他们脑海中会浮现出“成功”这个金光闪闪的词吗?还是会看到醒目的红色大字“失败”呢?)”可知,作者和同学们担心大学在看他们浓缩成200字短文的人生故事时的看法,担心大学对他们成就的评价。即担心大学通过短文对自己的评价。D选项“Recognition by colleges.”(大学的认可),与原文中作者担心大学对自己的看法相符。A选项“Pressure from choosing AP classes.”(选择AP课程的压力),文中虽提到AP课程,但这不是作者主要关心的,排除。B选项“Performance in group interviews.”(小组面试中的表现),小组面试是后文举例内容,不是主要关心的,排除。C选项“Competition with seniors.”(与高年级学生的竞争),文中未提及此内容,排除。故选D(2)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意:作者选择较少AP课程的原因是什么?根据第三段第二行“Determined to follow my instincts(本能)on what I felt success means,I only chose two classes that I knew I would enjoy.The feeling of success was no longer attached to what grade I received but to the pure joy of learning.(我决心遵循自己对成功的本能理解,只选择了两门我知道自己会喜欢的课程。成功的感觉不再与我获得的成绩相关,而是与学习带来的纯粹快乐联系在一起。)”可知,作者按照自己对成功的理解,遵循本能选择了两门自己喜欢的课程,觉得成功不再取决于成绩,而是学习的纯粹乐趣。A选项“her own understanding of success”(她自己对成功的理解),符合原文表述。B选项“her desire for academic challenges”(她对学术挑战的渴望),文中说选择很多AP课程的同学没有感受到学术挑战带来的满足,作者也不是因为这个选少的AP课程,排除。C选项“her strong urge to follow the crowd”(她强烈的从众心理),作者没有从众,而是按自己想法选课程,排除。D选项“her dream of entering a top university”(她进入顶尖大学的梦想),文中未提及选少AP课程与进顶尖大学梦想的关系,排除。故选A(3)考查细节理解与判断。题干句意:以下哪个词最能描述作者的第一次小组面试?根据第四段倒数第二行“Nevertheless,this interview wasn’t a wasted opportunity.I talked to one of the senior applicants who answered questions in a way that reflected the faith she had in herself.(然而,这次面试并非是一次浪费时间的机会。我和其中一位高年级的申请者交谈,她回答问题的方式体现出她对自己的信心。)”可知,作者认为第一次面试不是浪费时间的机会,还和一位高年级申请者交流并有所收获。B选项“Rewarding.”(有收获的),与原文中面试不是浪费机会且有收获相符,符合语境。A选项“Dignifying.”(有尊严的),原文未体现这一点,排除。C选项“Engaging.”(引人入胜的),原文未提及面试引人入胜,排除。D选项“Relaxing.”(放松的),文中作者第一次面试是害羞的,没说放松,排除。故选B(4)考查主旨大意。题干句意:我们能从这篇文章中学到什么?分析文章主旨:文章讲述作者没有像同学一样盲目追求很多AP课程,而是按照自己对成功的理解选择课程,并且从第一次面试失败中学习,最终获得成功,强调了每个人对成功有自己的定义,并且可以通过自己的方式获得成功。A选项“Everyone is the maker of their own success.”(每个人都是自己成功的创造者),符合文章主旨,符合语境。B选项“Success favours those with a golden heart.”(成功青睐有一颗金子般心灵的人),文章未提及成功与心灵的关系,排除。C选项“Success knocks at your door only once.”(成功只会敲一次门),文章未表达此观点,排除。D选项“A college holds the key to success.”(大学是成功的关键),文章强调的是个人对成功的定义和追求,不是大学对成功的关键作用,排除。故选A【分值】8 5.C Not too long ago,on a cold winter night,there was a teenager who wanted more screen time and a parent who said no.The teenager was advocating for her right to scroll(翻屏)for an extra 30 minutes.The parent argued that none of her friends’parents let them have screens after 9 o’clock."I thought,in this family,we don’t compare ourselves with other people,Dad?"the teenager replied.The parent—who was me,by the way—just got served.Since they were young,I have told my kids not to compare themselves with other people.I have argued countless times that comparisons are the"thief of joy”.Although my daughter didn’t win,she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.In my defence,I did what we’ve all done before,which is repeat received wisdom without exploring the nuances.But now is the time to set the record straight,which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy.Social comparisons do,of course,often get us into emotional trouble.But they can be harnessed(利用)for our betterment if we understand how they work.The social comparisons we make—ones that lead us to feel good or bad about ourselves—are vital to our ability to thrive(成长).Science provides a guide we can use to harness the way we perform these comparisons to reduce their negative emotional impacts.Comparing yourself with someone who is outperforming you could result in feelings of envy if you focus on the things they have and you don’t,or it can be energizing and inspiring if you use these comparisons as a source of motivation,for example,"If they can achieve that,so can I."Comparing yourself with someone who is doing worse than you could result in fear and worry if you think about how you could fall into similar circumstances,or it can draw out feelings of gratitude and appreciation if you use that comparison to broaden your views—for example,"Wow,things could be much worse;I’m doing great."What I wish I taught my daughter earlier are these nuances.How we feel about ourselves rests not just on whom we compare ourselves with but also on how we think about that comparison.That’s something we all have control over.(1)How did the author feel about his daughter’s argument?A.Excited.B.Inspired.C.Energized.D.Relieved.(2)What does the word"nuances”underlined in Paragraph 2 most probably mean?A.Major achievements.B.Complex feelings.C.Significant impacts.D.Fine differences.(3)Which would be the best title for the passage?A.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit B.Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties C.Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble D.Social Comparisons Can Be Controlled by Science【答案】(1)B(2)D(3)A【解析】C文章大意:本文以作者与女儿的一次争论为切入点,探讨了社会比较的复杂性。作者原本告诫孩子“不要和他人比较”,认为比较是“快乐的小偷”,但女儿的反驳让他意识到这一观点的片面性。作者指出,社会比较并非全然有害,若能理解其运作机制,便可将其转化为成长的动力。文章最终强调,我们对比较的认知而非比较对象本身,才是决定其影响的关键,社会比较完全可以成为一种健康的习惯。(1)考查观点态度。题干句意:作者对女儿的论点有何看法?首先,文章中提到作者一直告诉孩子们不要和别人比较,说比较是“快乐小偷”。但女儿用作者自己说过的话反驳了作者(“I thought,in this family,we don’t compare ourselves with other people,Dad?”)。接着,作者说“Although my daughter didn’t win,she did help expose one of the worst pieces of advice I have ever given.”以及“But now is the time to set the record straight,which starts with questioning the idea that all social comparison is unhealthy.”这表明女儿的话让作者受到启发,开始反思自己之前的观点。B选项Inspired(受启发的):与作者开始反思自己观点的描述相符。A选项Excited(兴奋的):文中未体现作者因女儿的话而兴奋,不符合语境。C选项Energized(精力充沛的):文章没有提及女儿的话让作者精力充沛,不符合文意。D选项Relieved(宽慰的):文中没有信息表明作者感到宽慰,不符合。故选B(2)考查词义猜测。题干句意:第二段划线单词“nuances”最可能的意思是什么?作者说自己之前像其他人一样,重复那些大家普遍接受的智慧(received wisdom),却没有去探索“nuances”。之后作者开始阐述社会比较并非全是不健康的,不同的比较方式会有不同的结果,比如和表现比自己好的人比较,关注的点不同,感受也不同(可能嫉妒,也可能受激励);和表现不如自己的人比较也是如此(可能恐惧,也可能感恩)。这说明社会比较存在很多细微的差别(fine differences),而作者之前没有深入探究这些。D选项Fine differences(细微差别):符合文章语境。A选项Major achievements(重大成就):与文章讨论的社会比较的细微差别无关,不符合。B选项Complex feelings(复杂的感情):虽然比较会带来复杂感情,但这里“nuances”强调的是比较方式等方面的细微差异,而非感情本身复杂,不符合。C选项Significant impacts(重大影响):文章重点不是说比较的重大影响,而是其细微差别,不符合。故选D(3)考查文章标题。题干句意:这篇文章最好的标题是哪个?文章开篇通过作者和女儿的故事引出对“社会比较”的讨论,指出之前认为所有社会比较都不健康的观点有误。接着阐述社会比较虽然常带来情感问题,但如果了解其运作方式,是可以为我们所用,促进自我提升的(“But they can be harnessed(利用)for our betterment if we understand how they work.”)。还举例说明了和不同的人比较在不同思考方式下会有不同的、或积极或消极的结果。最后强调我们对自己的感觉不仅取决于和谁比较,还取决于如何看待这种比较。A选项Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Become a Healthy Habit(与他人比较可以成为一种健康的习惯):很好地概括了文章主旨,即正确看待社会比较,它可以是有益的,符合语境。B选项Comparing Ourselves with Others Can Strengthen Family Ties(与他人比较可以加强家庭关系):文章重点不是说比较与家庭关系的加强,偏离主旨。C选项Social Comparisons Can Get Us into Emotional Trouble(社会比较会让我们陷入情感困境):只提及负面影响,与文章强调的两面性不符。选项D“Controlled by Science”曲解文意,文章仅提到科学提供指导,而非“控制”比较。故选A【分值】6 6.D The call to“know yourself”has been there since ancient times,but our sense of self doesn’t always match what others perceive.Considering the stories we tell about ourselves can help us to change our minds for better.For many years,psychologists saw identity as a combination of someone’s values,beliefs,goals and social roles.Then,in the 1980s,Bob Johnson created the life story model of identity,in which he proposes that,as we go through life,these core features are built in with our memories to create a personal story through which we understand our lives.Our life story is something that starts coming together in our teenage years,when we begin to organise our lives into chapters around key events or life changes,and begin to see ourselves as both the central character and,to a varying extent,the story’s author.People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity,and they feel their life has more meaning,direction and sense of purpose.Such people show greater overall life satisfaction,too.Johnson has also investigated the link between well-being and certain story themes.He discovered that whether someone describes having had some control over events in their past is an important predictor of a person’s mental health.Another key theme involves finding some kind of positive meaning after stressful events."People could talk about gaining knowledge or personal growth,"says Johnson.His research shows that this is often missing for people with mental health conditions.The good news is that there is evidence we can learn to change our own story.Lisa Green,another researcher,sounds a few notes of caution(谨慎).For instance,hearing about the power of redemptive(拯救性的)stories,many people may feel forced to find a positive angle on horrible events.She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.If you want to turn over a new leaf,though,one top tip is that it helps to choose a significant date that signals the start of a new"chapter".Contrary to popular doubt,resolutions made on I January are more effective for this reason.So,whether your goal is saving money or getting fit,there is no better time to become the author of our own destiny(命运).(1)What can be inferred about personal stories?A.They are unrelated to health.B.Consistent ones lead to stress.C.They are relevant to happiness.D.Thematic ones hold back change.(2)What can we learn from this passage?A.Talking about gains from failure is negative.B.New Year resolutions are well received.C.The West tends to overvalue optimism.D.Social roles fail to be highlighted.(3)What does the author mainly do in this passage?A.Clarify a goal.B.Analyse an event.C.Make a comparison.D.Illustrate an approach.(4)What is the passage mainly about?A.How self-identity works.B.How story-tellers are made.C.How personal stories raise doubts.D.How timing affects personal identity.【答案】(1)C(2)C(3)D(4)A【解析】D文章大意:本文围绕“自我认知”与“个人故事”的关系展开,核心观点是:个人通过构建“人生故事”来理解自我,而这类故事对幸福感和心理健康有重要影响。(1)考查细节判断。题干句意:关于个人故事可以推断出什么?根据第三段最后两句“People with more consistent stories tend to have a stronger sense of identity,and they feel their life has more meaning,direction and sense of purpose.Such people show greater overall life-satisfaction,too.”可知,拥有更连贯个人故事的人往往有更强的身份认同感,觉得生活更有意义、方向和目标感,也表现出更高的整体生活满意度。生活满意度与幸福相关,所以可以推断出个人故事与幸福相关。C选项个人故事与幸福感相关,符合语境。A选项说个人故事与健康无关,与第四段中个人故事和心理健康的关系不符;B选项说连贯的个人故事会导致压力,原文未提及且与文意相悖;D选项说有主题的个人故事会阻碍改变,原文未提及。故选C(2)考查细节判断。题干句意:从本文可以学到什么?根据第五段第三句“She says that Western culture already pushes people to look for the silver lining behind every cloud.”可知,Lisa Green说西方文化已经促使人们在每一片乌云后寻找一线希望,即西方文化过度推崇乐观主义。C选项说西方文化对乐观主义的过度推崇符合语境。A选项说谈论从失败中获得的收获是消极的,与原文不符;B选项说新年决心很受欢迎,原文只是说1月1日制定的决心更有效,没说受欢迎程度;;D选项说社会角色没有被突出,原文未提及相关内容。故选C(3)考查文章核心。题干句意:作者在本文中主要做了什么?作者先介绍“人生故事模型”,分析其对自我认知和幸福的影响,再通过Johnson和Green的研究补充细节,最后给出“选择重要日期开启新章节”的具体方法。全文围绕“通过构建人生故事来理解和改变自我”这一方法展开,对应D选项Illustrate an approach.(阐述一种方法)。A“澄清目标”、B“分析事件”、C“做比较”均未体现文章核心——阐述通过故事塑造自我的路径。故选D(4)考查主旨大意。题干句意:本文主要讲了什么?文章以Johnson的“人生故事模型”为核心,探讨自我身份(self-identity)如何通过记忆、价值观与叙事结构形成,以及故事对身份认同感和幸福感的作用,本质上是在解释“自我身份的运作机制”,对应A选项How self-identity works.。B“如何成为讲故事的人”偏离主题,文章重点是个人叙事对自我的影响,而非讲故事的技巧。C“个人故事如何引发质疑”仅为Lisa Green的部分观点,非全文主旨。D“时机如何影响个人身份”是文末的细节(如新年决心),非核心话题。故选A【分值】8第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,共10分)四、根据短文内容,从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项,并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。选项中有两项为多余选项。7.What is adulthood?Societies all over the world view the concept of an adult as self-supporting and self-directed,because it identifies a point in the life cycle.As Alice Black points out,today’s parents’fear of letting kids do more housework has added to their inability to feel competent and,thus,confident in themselves.Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book,The Life Cycle,mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery.(1)But Turner’s other cycles are just as important.(2)If these life cycles are delayed,interrupted,or denied,you feel incapable of accessing your states of self,controlling unpleasant feelings,and manipulating(操控)the energy that puts together the fabric of your inner world.Turner wisely said that"doing well”psychologically is being able to roll with the flow of emotions,manage them,communicate clearly and well with others,and master various skills.This requires an internal locus(核心)of control,which implies self-control of your thoughts,feelings,and actions.(3)You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are.And you know who you are within all this.So,being an adult isn’t just holding a job.Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions.(4)We are a social species,so this is important.While raising an adult is a parent’s job,it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture(培养)emotional and identity development.(5)A.It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles.B.They talk about someone’s inability to support themselves through work.C.It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others.D.In other words,you’re playing the game of life—life isn`t playing you.E.They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity.F.You feel like an 18-year old,especially when playing 80s music.G.When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity.【答案】(1)G(2)E(3)D(4)C(5)A【解析】文章大意:本文围绕“成年”的定义展开,指出社会普遍认为成年人需具备自给自足和自我指导的能力。心理学家罗伯特・特纳(Robert Turner)在《生命周期》中提出,孩子需经历学习自我指导和掌控的阶段,若该阶段或其他生命周期被干扰,会导致个体无法管理情绪和内在状态。心理成熟的核心是具备内在控制能力,能自主管理情绪、与他人沟通。成年不仅指拥有工作,更意味着建立自我认知、管理情感行为,同时社会和父母需共同支持个体的情感与身份发展。(1)考查上下文语境衔接能力。根据前文Psychologist Robert Turner wrote about this in his book,The Life Cycle,mentioning a stage when kids learn self-direction and mastery.可知,心里学家Robert Turner在书中提及孩子学习自我指导和掌控的阶段,G选项中的“When this stage is denied it creates a sense of insecurity.”可衔接上文,其中“this stage”对应横线前的“a stage”,语意也连贯。故选G(2)考查上下文语境衔接能力。空前一句But Turner’s other cycles are just as important.此处强调Turner的其他周期同样重要,E选项“They teach emotional awareness and management as well as identity.”具体说明这些周期的作用,“They”指代“other cycles”,符合上下文逻辑。故选E(3)考查上下文语境衔接能力。空前一句This requires an internal locus(核心)of control,which implies self-control of your thoughts,feelings,and actions.阐述心理上的“做得好”需要内在控制核心,即自我控制思想、情感和行为。以及空后一句You’re self-directed and not reliant on the world to tell you who you are.你是自我指导的,不依赖外界定义自我。D选项“In other words,you’re playing the game of life—life isn`t playing you.”通过类比进一步解释自我掌控的状态,与“self-directed”形成语义呼应。故选D(4)考查上下文语境衔接能力。空格前一句Being an adult is about having a rooted sense of self while being capable of identifying and managing your emotions and actions.(成年意味着拥有自我认知,并能识别和管理情绪行为。)指出成年意味着具备自我意识并能管理情绪行为,以及空后一句We are a social species,so this is important.(人类是社会物种,沟通很重要。)强调社交属性的重要性,C选项“It’s being able to show understanding when communicating with others.”强调沟通中的理解能力,与后文“social species”形成关联,衔接社交属性的论述。故选C(5)考查上下文语境衔接能力。前文句子...it’s also our responsibility as a society to ensure that we support schools that nurture(培养)emotional and identity development.提到社会有责任支持学校培养情感与身份发展,A选项“It’s also our job to support adults who need help repairing incomplete life cycles.”以“also our job”延续“社会责任”的话题,与前文“it’s also our responsibility”形成并列结构,逻辑连贯。故选A【分值】10第三部分书面表达(共两节,32分)第一节(共4小题;第40、41题各2分,第42题3分,第43题5分,共12分)五、阅读下面短文,根据题目要求用英文回答问题。请在答题卡指定区域作答。8.There’s something magical about the way imagination works.Around the world,kids are using imagination in ways that were once only found in science fiction.Take the story of Mark Lee.He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks.Instead of simply complaining,he decided to do something about it.Using an old 3D printer,Mark started experimenting.He melted(熔化)plastic bottles down and tried shaping them into small bricks.At first,everything went wrong—the plastic broke,the printer jammed,and the pieces didn’t fit together.Friends laughed a little,and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up.But Mark had a different idea.He redesigned the bricks to lock together like puzzle(拼图)pieces and adjusted the heating temperature carefully.After months of trial and error,he succeeded.With a little help from his school and the local community centre,Mark used his bricks to build a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood.And he’s not alone.Thirteen-year-old Sally Carter loved reading fantasy books.Inspired by magical maps in her stories,she wondered:what if we could build a real-world app that helps people explore hidden places in their own cities?She gathered friends,learned some basic programming,and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about.Their app quickly grew popular in town and even won a local youth innovation award.Next time you see a young person lost in thought,don’t rush to pull them back.They might just be imagining the next great idea.(1)What upset Mark when he was biking around his neighbourhood?(2)How does the app created by Sally and her friends help?(3)Please decide which part is false in the following statement,then underline it and explain why.>With encouragement from his friends and parents,Mark built a small bike shelter for his neighbourhood after months of trial and error.(4)How can you put your imagination into practice as Mark and Sally did?(In about 40 words)【答案】(1)He grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks.(2)It maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about.(3)划出:With encouragement from his friends and parents;Because friends laughed a little,and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up.(4)First,find a problem you care about.Then,use available resources and keep trying through trial-and-error to find solutions.(答案不唯一,合理即可)【解析】文章大意本文通过两个青少年运用想象力解决实际问题的案例,展现了想象力的力量。Mark Lee看到社区的塑料瓶垃圾后,利用3D打印机将塑料瓶熔制成砖块,历经多次尝试后成功为社区建造了自行车棚;13岁的Sally Carter受奇幻故事启发,与朋友开发了一款地图应用,帮助人们探索城市中隐藏的公园和花园。文章呼吁人们珍视年轻人的想象力,因为他们可能正在构思改变世界的创意。(1)考查细节理解。题目问:Mark在社区骑车时是什么让他感到不安?根据第二段第二句“He loved biking around his neighbourhood but grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks.”,可知,看到公园和人行道上有很多塑料瓶让他感到不安。故填He grew upset seeing that many plastic bottles littered the parks and sidewalks.(2)考查细节理解。题目问Sally和她朋友创建的应用程序如何提供帮助?根据第五段第四句“She gathered friends,learned some basic programming,and together they created an app that maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about.”,可知,这个应用程序绘制出当地鲜为人知的小公园和花园的地图。故填:It maps small local parks and gardens few people knew about.(3)考查细节理解。题干句意:请判断以下陈述中哪一部分是错误的,然后划线并解释原因。根据文章第三段最后一句“Friends laughed a little,and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up.”,说明朋友和父母并没有鼓励他,反而朋友嘲笑他,父母认为他应该放弃。故划出With encouragement from his friends and parents;Because friends laughed a little,and even Mark’s parents thought he should just give up.(4)考查归纳总结能力。题干句意:你如何像Mark和Sall那样把你的想象力付诸实践?(约40字)。Mark因为看到塑料瓶垃圾问题,利用3D打印机不断尝试解决;Sally受幻想书中魔法地图启发,和朋友利用编程知识创建应用程序。所以可以先找到自己关心的问题,然后利用现有资源,通过不断尝试错误来找到解决办法。故填:First,find a problem you care about.Then,use available resources and keep trying through trial-and-error to find solutions.(答案不唯一,合理即可)【分值】12第二节(20分)9.假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。联合国正面向全球青少年开展倡议征集活动。你的外国好友Jim打算参加,为此发来邮件,就倡议内容询问你的建议。请你用英文给他回复,内容包括:(1)提出的建议;(2)建议的理由。提示词:倡议proposal注意:①词数100左右;②开头和结尾已给出,不计入总词数。Dear Jim,_____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Yours,Li Hua【答案】Dear Jim,Hearing that you are going to participate in the creative proposal-collecting activity which is organized by the United Nations,I’m writing to share some suggestions.Here are my recommendations.I suggest setting up global youth mental health support networks,with online counseling,peer-support groups and mental-health education campaigns.The reasons are as follows.To start with,mental health issues have a great effect on teens around the world.What’s more,this support network offers help to teens in time.Peer support is especially relatable,and education raises awareness.Last but not least,as teens,we understand each other’s struggles and feelings,which can make it easy for teens to communicate.Therefore,I do recommend this proposal.I will be glad if my advice could be taken into consideration.Yours,Li Hua【分值】20。
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