托福综合写作经典模板分享.docx

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托福综合写作经典模板分享开头段The lecture apparently disproves what is argued in the reading material.According to the passage…However the professor asserts that a closer scrutiny of this argument would reveal how flimsy it is.He then presents several evidences to demonstrate his statement.内容第一段To start with,the professor claims that the reading passage fails to take into account that…Therefore,the assertion of the author seems too absolute since other possibilities could not be eliminated by any current evidence.内容第二段Furthermore,the passage assumes that….The professor,however,suggests that this assumption may not be merited by the evidence.Say,…..The contradiction is obvious here when….On the basis of this point the lecture explicitly refutes the passage.内容第三段Last but not the least,the passage may be right about….,but one critical fact is being left out of consideration.Pointed out by the professor,the author totally neglects the truth that…On account of above-mentioned grave mistakes,the author’s assertion turned out to be a preposterous idea.结尾段In conclusion,based on the arguments offered above,the professor clearly identifies the defects in the reading passage and forcefully shows that…其它说明细节文中至少有一个举例形式，如果实在用不到上面句型，可以用转述凑字数：In other words,that is to say,…其他有用句型The reading assumes that…,a situation that seems to be at odds with…与…是矛盾的托福写作：怎么做到善用例子如动物→鸟类，现代交通方式→飞机，上面的举例是简单的形式，即对单个词/短语，或说单个对象举例。我们在独立写作中会遇到对单个对象的举例，这也是大家都能做好的;但我们更常遇到的是需要对一个句子，或说多个对象互相联系而串成的观点举例的情况，这时我们就需要留意我们所举的例子的有效性了。托福写作举例的基本原则：a.细节性原则----细于被举例者。b.一致性原则----良好体现与要用举例证明的观点的一致对应关系，观点中的重点信息应在例子中不多不少地体现。新托福写作真经介绍的举例的具体操作方法：粗举，细举，引调查，列数字。(1)粗例----粗犷的例子“粗例”即一类人、物或事，或一个公认事实的例子，说白了就是多数人都能认可的信息。寻找这类例子的时候比较轻松，只要在观点中找出可以继续细化的重点信息然后narrow down就可以了。观点1：Employers are willing to pay a premium for highly qualified applicants.粗例1：International companies desire bilingual employees and offer higher salaries to attract them.“粗例”可以建立“面”对“线”的关系，但需要注意不能太空洞，同时也要控制使用的量;粗例子需要搭配因果分析、比较论证来使用，才能使整个段落更有血肉。托福写作之常犯的错误1.不完整的句子(1)If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard.One of the hardest things that people do.If you find that writing is hard is because it is hard—one of the hardest things that people do.(2)Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world.A gossip that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world,a gossip that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.Stereotypes are a kind of gossip about the world that makes us prejudge people before we ever lay eyes on them.2.分词短语作状语的错误Holding her in his arms,the moon hid behind the cloud.As soon as the moon hid behind the cloud,he held her in his arms.3.修饰词错位(1)Romeo received word that Juliet was dead from another messenger.Romeo received word from another messenger that Juliet was dead.(2)After leaving the stage,the audience’s applause called the musicians back for an encore.After the musicians left the stage,the audience’s applause called them back for an encore.(3)Disruptive in the classroom,a teacher may become exasperated with hyperactive children.Disruptive in the classroom,hyperactive children may exasperate a teacher.4.串句Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization,for this reason,employers need to have accurate information about employee performance,but when employees have full access to their own personnel files,co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frank criticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.Unproductive or uncooperative workers can seriously harm an organization;for this reason,employers need to have accurate information about employee performance.But when employees have full access to their own personnel files,co-workers and even supervisors will often find it difficult to give frank criticism of underachievers or to report troublemakers.5.时态错误The researchers admitted that they falsified crucial data in the study.The researchers admitted that they had falsified crucial data in the study.6.代词错误(1)Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take it our on others.Too often people either keep their feelings to themselves or take them our on others.(2)Each girl and boy must do their part to keep the home fires burning.Each girl and boy must do her or his part to keep the home fires burning.(3)This college has their own entrance requirements.This college has its own entrance requirements.(4)If one wishes to participate in the political process,you can begin by voting regularly.If one wishes to participate in the political process,one can begin by voting regularly.(5)The fire in the library was finally put out.For a while,they thought an unhappy employee might have started it.The fire in the library was finally put out.For a while,the library staff thought an unhappy employee might have started it.7.结构混乱Because Hemingway’s style is simple makes his writing accessible to all readers.Because Hemingway’s style is simple,his writing is accessible to all readers.Hemingway’s simple style makes his writing accessible to all readers.