专升本英语必备词汇Lesson 01 access[ˈækses]n.接近的机会;通道vt.存取<计算机文件>;到达Girls can gain equal access to education.section[ˈsekʃən]n.章节;部分;部门;截面If your resume contains a sectionwith the names and contact informationof your references,take it out.amount[əˈmaunt]n.量,数量,数额;总额,总数vi.合计;等同,接近The use of disposable plastic bagsdo a tremendous amount of harmto the environment.childlike[ˈtʃaɪldˌlaɪk]a.天真的Her childlike enthusiasm delighted us all.comprehension[ˌkɔmpriˈhenʃən]n.理解<力>;理解练习The latter represents higher levels of comprehension.deception[dɪˈsepʃən]n.欺骗;骗局Only a minor deceptionis necessary to achieve our aim.opposition[ˌɔpəˈzɪʃən]n.反对;对手;反对党Opposition parties,the media and the public immediatelyvoiced their support for the Princess.deal[di:l]n.大量;协议;待遇v.处理;做买卖,经营"You can’t deal with climate changewithout dealing with existing building,"says Richard Moe,the president of the National Trust."cause[kɔ:z]n.理由;事业vt.引起Paul the Octopus,who achieved global fame for correctly"predicting"the outcome of matchesin 2010 football World Cupdied from natural causes in October,2010.company[ˈkʌmpəni]n.公司;同伴;<一>群The company removed many negative postsabout products on the Web.consider[kənˈsɪdə]v.认为;考虑;关心All things considered,they didn’t do too badly.involve[inˈvɔlv]vt.使卷入;包含On a positive note,fathers are increasingly involving themselveswith their children.miss[mis]vt.思念;错过Our ancestral<祖先的>selves miss the natural worldand long for contact with non-human life.economic[ˌɪkəˈnɔmik]a.经济<学>的At no time should spiritual civilization be sacrificedin return for temporary economicdevelopment.effect[iˈfekt]n.影响;效果Most obviously,there is the direct effect of educationon the wages of female workers.view[vju:]n.观察;景色;概念But,back in London,her views were not sharedby some members of the British government.fine[fain]a.美好的;细微的;晴朗的;健康的n.罚金vt.处…以罚金She was fined＄10 for breaking the traffic regulations.influence[ˈinfluəns]n.影响力;有影响的人vt.影响All of these are influenced bythe interaction of your genesand the environment in which you were raised.press[pres]v.压;压迫;催促n.记者;印刷机;出版社The photographs of the delegateswere not released to the press.create[kriˈeit]vt.创造;引起Johnson&Johnson,for example,has created BabyCenter,a stand-alone media propertythat promotes complementaryand even competitive products.image[ˈimidʒ]n.印象;映像;形象It was thought that the breakdown ofPrince Charles’marriage to Dianadamaged his image.issue[ˈisju:]n.问题;发行vt.分发vi.流出Retailers who’re responsive and friendlyare more likely to smooth over issuesthan those who aren’t so friendly.object[ˈɔbdʒikt]n.宾语;对象;目的;物体v.反对Many students objected towearing silk stockings at school.potential[pəˈtenʃəl]a.潜在的n.潜力The agents were able to utilize theirfull potential and experiences to build up the company.rate[reit]n.比率;速度;价格v.给…定级;评估This is where cities expand quickly into rural areas,sometimes at a much faster rate than urban population growth.avoid[əˈvɔid]vt.避免;避开Frequent hand washing and avoiding close contact with peoplewho have colds can reduce the likelihood of catching one.content[ˈkɔntent]n.含量;内容a.满意的vt./n.<使>满意That talent show program was canceled forits improper content.contribute[kənˈtribjut]vi.捐款;有助于International cooperation has contributed tosolving environmental problems.physical[ˈfizikəl]a.物理<学>的;物质的;身体的n.体检It’s a physical impossibility to be in two places at once.account[əˈkaunt]n.账户;叙述;报告vi.说明;占The human resources manager couldn’t account forthe the company’s high staff turnover.according to[əˈkɔ:diŋ]prep.按照;据…所说All parties concerned should actaccording to the provisions of the treaty.benefit[ˈbenifit]n.益处v.有益于Not only the professionalsbut also the amateurs willbenefit from the new training facilities.claim[kleim]vt.声称;要求;夺去n.索赔Jobless claim above 400000are considered a sign of recession.community[kəˈmju:niti]n.团体;社区;群体Tianya is one of the most popular online communityin China.decline[diˈklain]vi./n.下降;衰退v.婉拒They declined to give details of his condition.focus[ˈfəukəs]v.<使>聚焦n.焦点;中心We focus our attention on seven types of advertising:television,newspapers,radio,magazines,out-of-home,Internet and direct mail.impact[ˈimpækt]n.冲击;影响The cost of energy impacts heavily onevery essential item in the family budget.promote[prəˈməut]vt.促进;提升Techniques for promoting sleep wouldinvolve learning to control both mind and bodyso that sleep can occur.relationship[riˈleiʃənʃip]n.关系Compromise is the key to a successful relationship,but that does not mean to let go of your principles.unite[ju:ˈnait]v.<使>统一The crisis of war united the whole country.affect[əˈfekt]vt.影响;感动It had affected her relationswith the British government.appeal[əˈpi:l]vi./n.呼吁;申诉;有感染力vt.将…上诉Netizens appeal tothe public to help the laid-off workers.aware[əˈwɛə]a.意识到的Indeed,we are not aware of most aspects of our speechand understanding.capital[ˈkæpitl]n.首都a.大写的;首要的;斩首的n.大写<字母>;资本It’s a decision of capital importance.concern[kənˈsə:n]vt.涉及;使担心n.关心;重要的事People who are well are concerned withnutrition and exercise.credit[ˈkredit]n.信用;贷方;荣誉;学分vt.相信;把…记入贷方;把…归功于Perhaps someone will casuallyglance through your credit card purchase or cell phone billsto find out your shopping preferencesor calling habits.determine[diˈtə:min]vt.决定;确定;使下决心vi.决意It is demeaning to say that beauty alonedetermines one’s worth.flat[flæt]a.平坦的;平淡的;固定的ad.平直地;直截了当地n.一套房间Everything here has gone flat and unprofitable.function[ˈfʌŋkʃən]n.功能;重大聚会vi.工作Laughter does produce short-term changesin the function of the heart and its blood vessels,boosting heart rate and oxygen consumption.march[mɑ:tʃ]vi.行军,前进;游行示威n.行进,行军,进军;游行示威;进行曲;<sing.>进行,进展The parade troops marched by Tiananmen.mine[main]n.矿v.开矿Gold is mined from deep underground.publish[ˈpʌbliʃ]vt.出版;公布First published in 1927,the charts remainan indispensable source for researchers.range[reindʒ]n.排列;一系列;山脉;范围v.变动;涉及Applicants’ages range from 25 to 30.specific[spiˈsifik]a.特有的;具体的n.详情Some Japanese kindergartens have specific aims,such as early musical training or potential development.staff[stɑ:f]n.全体职工vt.为…配备<人员>Staff at the centre will then contactthe owner to confirm that the car really is missing.survey[ˈsɜrˌveɪ]vt./n.测量;全面审视The new CNS Spectrums studywas based on results of a nationwide telephone survey ofmore than 2 500 adults.Lesson 02 challenge[ˈtʃælindʒ]vt.向…挑战;对…质疑n.挑战<书>;质疑Keep in mind,however,that this view is challenged by some researchers.current[ˈkʌrənt]a.流行的;现在的n.流;电流;潮流The current approach which focuses on younger people and on skills for employment is not adequate to meet the challenges of demographic<人口的>change.despite[disˈpait]prep.不管Consider Laura Hillenbrand,who despite an extremely weak body,wrote the best-sellerSeabiscuit.enable[iˈneibl]vt.使能够The broad peasants feel indeed that the policy issued this year will enable them to make a lot of money.essential[iˈsenʃəl]a.绝对必要的;本质的n.要素;必需品The love of beauty is an essential part of all healthy human nature.〔John Ruskin evidence[ˈevidəns]n.显而易见;证据There is no solid evidence that people can control their dreams,at least in experimental situations in a lab.exchange[iksˈtʃeindʒ]n.交换;汇兑vt.调换;交流Tomorrow’s wealth depends on the development and exchange of knowledge.expand[iksˈpænd]v.扩大;膨胀The central government has expanded property purchasing limitations to second-tier and third-tier cities as it steps up efforts to cool the real estate market.feature[ˈfi:tʃə]n.面貌;特征v.以…为特色The beauty mark was the most outstanding facial feature of Marilyn Monroe.figure[ˈfiɡə]n.体形;人物;肖像;数字vt.计算;认为Although it was dark,we could make out the figure of a deer about ten yards away.fund[fʌnd]n.基金;资金;储备vt.为…提供资金Part of the school sports fund will be used to improve the condition of the football field.maintain[meinˈtein]vt.维持;赡养;维修He failed again and again simply because he had maintained his defeatist attitude.matter[ˈmætə]n.事情;物质vi.要紧,有关系What matters most is giving the children proper care.particular[pəˈtikjulə]a.个别的;讲究的;详细的I went along thinking of nothing in particular,only looking at things around me.practice[ˈpræktis]n.练习;实践v.练习;执业Knowledge is a treasury,but practice is the key to it.spot[spɔt]n.斑点;地点;少量vt.认出Criminals are easily caught on the spot with advanced technology.technology[tekˈnɔlədʒi]n.工艺,技术You can also submit questions on subjects like marketing,publicity and technology.accordingly[əˈkɔ:diŋli]ad.相应地;因此Just tell us the color and design you have in mind and we’ll change them accordingly.approach[əˈproʊtʃ]v.靠近n.接近;途径;方法For example,many birds utter warning calls atthe approach of danger.associate[əˈsəuʃieit]v.<使>联合n.伙伴；同事a.副的The numbers associated with identity theft are beginning to add up fast these days.communicate[kəˈmju:nikeit]v.交流;传播The employee at the home office who can communicate well with foreign clients over the telephone or by fax machine is an obvious asset to the firm.communication[kəˌmju:niˈkeiʃən]n.通讯;通讯系统;交通<工具>The stay-at-home children suffer from poor living conditions,lagging educational attainment,insecurity and difficultly in communication.contact[ˈkɔntækt]v.与…取得联系n.接触;熟人If you want to know some information,please contact me.cure[kjuə]vt.治愈;矫正n.治疗;药<剂>It is not economical to find a cure for each type of cold.depend[diˈpend]vi.依靠;决定于Whether a man is drawn to a woman’s body or her face may depend on whether he sees her as a short-term fling or a long-term lover.enhance[inˈhɑ:ns]vt.提高And,of course,our ability to benefit from this high-tech communications equipment is greatly enhanced by foreign language skills.expense[iksˈpens]n.花费;开支His business was very successful,but it was at the expense of his family life.factor[ˈfæktə]n.因素One factor that can influence consumers is their mood state.handle[ˈhændl]n.柄vt.拿;操作;应付Your behaviour may give him a handle against you.ignore[iɡˈnɔ:]vt.不顾I can’t ignore his rudeness any longer.infer[inˈfə:]vt.推论It is possible to infer two completely oppositeconclusions from this set of facts.journal[ˈdʒə:nl]n.期刊;日志She may have put her notebook amid the journals.media[ˈmi:djə]n.新闻媒介This research has attracted wide coverage in the media.preference[ˈprefərəns]n.喜爱;偏爱的事物<或人>;优先<权>The applicants should be aware of the recipient’s preference with regard to the format.pursue[pəˈsju:]vt.追踪;继续从事;追求The police pursued the stolen vehicle along the motorway.relieve[riˈli:v]vt.减轻;使得到调剂;接替It has helped relieve hunger in some developing countries.strengthen[ˈstreŋθn]vt.加强Barack Obama was awarded the 2009 Nobel Peace Prize"for his extraordinary efforts to strengthen international diplomacy and cooperation between peoples".suffer[ˈsʌfə]vt.遭受;承受vi.受痛苦;受损No wonder so many of us suffer from emotional fatigue,a kind of utter exhaustion of the spirit.victim[ˈviktim]n.牺牲品The mayor awarded the police officer a medal of honor for his heroic deed in rescuing the earthquake victims.adapt[əˈdæpt]v.适合;改编Advertiser using the print media—magazines and newspapers—will need to adapt to two main changes.apply[əˈplai]vi.申请vt.应用;涂Applying for artistic merit scholarships usually requires that students submit a portfolio<选辑>of some sort.assume[əˈsju:m]vt.假定;承担;呈现They are assumed to have the ability to analyze and solve problems.available[əˈveiləbl]a.在手边的;可得到的There should be more money available to support people in establishing a sense of identity and finding constructive roles for the"third age".boost[bu:st]vt.使增长n.提高;推动The flood of women into the job market boosted economic growth.brand[brænd]vt.打烙印;丑化n.品牌Mobile phone manufacturer Nokia was second in the most loved brand list by the British.character[ˈkæriktə]n.特征;性格;角色;<汉>字The behavior and character of children were strongly influenced by their social surroundings and everyday experiences.combine[kəmˈbain]v.联合n.联合企业<或团体>;联合收割机It’s more effective to combine listening with reading.crime[kraɪm]n.罪Even problems with crime and aggressive behavior are reduced when there is contact with the natural world.distinguish[disˈtiŋɡwiʃ]v.区分;看清;使杰出He has distinguished himself in city management.eventually[iˈventjuəli]ad.终于The image is already captured,but the way it eventually appears can vary based on the development process.facility[fəˈsiliti]n.灵巧;设备A nuclear policy research fellow said building nuclear facilities on the coast meant they could never be completely safe from flooding and other natural phenomena.gap[ɡæp]n.缺口;间隔;差距It’s this gap between expectation and reality which seems to trigger the woman’s desire to leave a marriage.indicate[ˈindikeit]vt.指示;表明Yet one study after another indicates that contact with nature gives huge benefits to ADHD<多动症>children.measure[ˈmeʒə]n.度量单位;措施They took effective measures to prevent poisonous gases from escaping.occasion[əˈkeiʒən]n.时机;盛会;起因It is always said the values and spirit of an individual or a nation usually are put to the test on special occasions.profit[ˈprɔfit]n.利润;利益v.有益于They are trying to exploit the waste discharged by the factory for profit.project[prəˈdʒekt]vt.投射;伸出n.计划;课题;工程Young men are fitter to invent than to judge,fitter for execution than for counsel,and fitter for new projects than for settled business.〔Francis Bacon Lesson 03 quit[kwit]v.停止;离开,辞<职>I’ve given my secretary notice to quit.responsible[riˈspɔnsəbl]a.需负责任的;有责任感的To a certain extent,the guide was responsible for the delay of the travel.risk[risk]vt.使遭受危险n.风险;引起危险的事物<或人>You would be running a riskto let your child go to school by himself.schedule[ˈskɛdʒul,-uəl,ˈskɛdʒəl]n.时刻表;清单vt.安排We finished paying off our debtsa year ahead of schedule.security[siˈkjuəriti]n.保障;抵押品;证券The security guards threw out anyone without a pass.stress[stres]n.压力;重音vt.强调,重读First,suppressed emotions can contribute tostress-related disorders.trend[trend]n.趋势Love was no longer the most important factorfor a woman to be happywhich is perhaps reflected in the growing trendthat many Chinese women are opting to remain single.admission[ədˈmiʃən]n.进入权;承认;入场费In absence of admission ticket,he was driven out of the classroom.apart[əˈpɑ:t]ad.相隔;分离a.分离的The country was ripped apart by the racial conflict.attempt[əˈtempt]vt./n.试图All their attempts to rescue the childfrom the burning building were in vain.award[əˈwɔ:d]n.奖品;奖金vt.授予;判给My every achievement—jobs,research papers,awards—was viewed through the lens of gender politics.budget[ˈbʌdʒit]n.预算vi.编预算vt.规划a.低廉的How much is your budget for the advertisement？complain[kəmˈplein]v.抱怨He complained to the waiter that his meal was cold.compound[ˈkɔmpaund]n.化合物,复合物vt.使化合,使合成;使加重,使恶化Scientists can compound an increasing number of substancesto produce new drugs.conduct[kənˈdʌkt]v.引导;指挥<乐队>;经营n.举止;管理<方式>It’s difficult to create a code of conduct.considerable[kənˈsidərəbl]a.相当大的The economy was a considerable issue in the campaign.consult[kənˈsʌlt]v.请教;商议;查询Please consult dictionarieswhen you are not sure of word spelling or meaning.contest[kənˈtest,ˈkɒntest]n.竞赛;争夺v.争夺;争辩Three candidates are contesting the presidency.convey[kənˈvei]vt.运输;传送The expression in your eyes conveys a lotand people can detect levels of warmth,sympathy and concern.council[ˈkaunsl]n.地方议会Council members assertthat young people can start businesseseven if they have little or no money or experience.criminal[ˈkriminəl]a.犯罪的n.罪犯I was sure he was involvedin some kind of criminal activities.cultivate[ˈkʌltiveit]vt.v.种植;建立<友谊>But in my eyes,a successful university education is to cultivate talentsnot only mastering all the knowledge and skills from the textbooksbut also having abilities to handle interpersonal relationships.define[diˈfain]vt.界定;给…下定义These images have helped define the wayall black women are viewed,including Michelle Obama.display[disˈplei]n./vt.陈列;显示Job-seekers who wish to remain anonymousbut want to share some other informationmay choose which pieces of contact information to display.edit[ˈedit]vt.编辑;剪辑;主编They must have edited bits of the interview out.educate[ˈedju:keit]vt.教育Mr.Pollan also suggests starting programsto educate children about the importanceof eating natural foods.emphasis[ˈemfəsis]n.强调In recent years much more emphasishas been put on developing the students’productive skills.engage[ɪnˈɡeɪdʒ]v.吸引住;雇用Parents should keep an eye on the activities their kids engage in.equivalent[iˈkwivələnt]a.等价的;相等的n.相等物Relationships with family,friends,neighbors,even pets,will all do the trick,but the biggest longevity<长寿>boost seems to come from marriageor an equivalent relationship.estimate[ˈestəˌmeit]vt.估计n.估量Aid workers estimate thatit will take years to rebuildwhat the earthquake took away.exhaust[iɡˈzɔ:st]vt.耗尽;使精疲力竭;详尽论述n.排气管;废气The exhaustive search for the lost boys proved exhaustingand the search party returned home at nightfall quite exhausted.expectation[ˌekspekˈteiʃən]n.期待;希望Keep your expectations for your children reasonable.expose[ikˈspəuz]v.<使>暴露;招致Nowadays,human-flesh-searchinghas exposed many people to danger.fashion[ˈfæʃən]n.方式;流行款式She thought marriage would take away from her dedicationto the fashion world.grant[ɡrɑ:nt]n.拨款vt.授予,同意He seemed to take it for grantedthat he should speak as a representative.overseas[ˌəuvəˈsi:z]a.<在>海外的ad.在<或向>海外He can be sure that the overseas effortis central to the company’s plan for success.personnel[ˌpə:səˈnel]n.全体人员;人事部门A growing number of scientific and technical personnelare risking their fortune in the world of business,giving up otherwise stable,lifelong jobs.prevent[priˈvent]vt.预防He leans in to kiss her again,but she leans backpreventing him from making contact.reveal[riˈvi:l]vt.揭露;显示In some cases,a simple Google search can reveal what you think.routine[ru:ˈti:n]a.例行的n.例行公事It is just a routine medical examination,nothing to get worried about.sort[sɔ:t]n.种类;某一种人vt.分类You’re capable of doing all sorts of things.statement[ˈsteitmənt]n.声明;结算单The Prime Minister will make a statement tomorrow on the crisis.subject[ˈsʌbdʒikt]Kitchen garbage will be subjected to biochemical<生物化学的>treatment.video[ˈvidiəu]n.录像<机>vt.制作…的录像I saw that film on video.witness[ˈwitnis]vt.目击;证明n.目击者;证据We’re now witnessing the emergence of an advanced economybased on information and knowledge.achieve[əˈtʃi:v]vt.完成vi.成功Most of the beauty of women evaporateswhen they achieve domestic happiness at the price of their independence.〔F.S.Fitzgerald adopt[əˈdɔpt]vt.采取;收养;批准No government will adopt restrictions on economic growthand personal freedom.advocate[ˈædvəkeit]v.鼓吹,提倡n.提倡者;辩护人The fatal accident silenced one of the most outspokenand controversial advocates for wolf protection.approve[əˈpru:v]vt.赞成;核准vi.同意Mr.Bally approved of my attending the conference.aside[əˈsaid]ad.在旁边Aside from being too small,the jacket’s color is ugly.attach[əˈtætʃ]vt.把…固定;与…有关联After a while,people became attached to one brandand sales leveled off.authority[ɔ:ˈθɔriti]n.权力;专家;官方The primary purpose of obedience trainingis to make the dog be aware of its owner’s authority.blame[bleim]vt.责备;把…归咎于n.责任;指责They put the blame on their kids.board[bɔ:d]n.木板;委员会;伙食vt.上<船、车或飞机>vi.登机;膳宿n.船舷The college provided room and boardfor the first-year students.burden[ˈbə:dən]n.重负;重担vt.加重压于;使负重Why should curing sexism be yet another terrible burdenon every female scientist?Lesson 04 campus[ˈkæmpəs]n.<大学>校园In American universities,classes are often arranged in more flexible patterns and many jobs on campus are reserved for students.circumstance[ˈsə:kəmstəns]n.条件;境况And yet we all know people who are filled with joy,despite the unpleasant circumstances of their lives.cite[sait]vt.引用;传唤;表彰She cited three reasons why people went into debt.commit[kəˈmit]vt.使承诺;花<钱或时间>vt.犯<罪>,干<坏事>According to the FBI,identity theft is the number one fraud committed on the Internet.compete[kəmˈpi:t]vi.竞争Slumdog Millionaire is about a poor young man in India who competes in a popular television quiz show.complex[ˈkɔmpleks]a.综合的n.情结Reading and writing involve a complex code of symbols that must be memorized and practiced.conference[ˈkɔnfərəns]n.会议;讨论In his weekly press conference,the mayor outlined a new housing policy.conflict[ˈkɔnflikt]n.战斗vi.冲突There has been a long and bitter conflictbetween employers and workers.confuse[kənˈfju:z]vt.混淆;使困惑The old China hand confused the native Chinese by asking so many questions.consequence[ˈkɔnsikwəns]n.结果;重要<性>Aggressive behavior in sports can have serious consequences.contrast[ˈkɔntræst]vt./n.对比;悬殊差别vi.形成对比She had almost failed the exam,but her younger sister,by contrast,had done very well.crisis[ˈkraisis]n.危机We can’t keep heading down the nuclear route until the lessons from this crisis have been learnt.detail[ˈdi:teil]n.细节;琐事v.详述Don’t forget to start with the details,while keeping an eye on the big items.detect[diˈtekt]vt.发现;查明Robert Ellis Smith believes identity theft is difficult to detect and one can hardly do anything about it.differ[ˈdifə]vi.不同于;发生分歧The twin sisters’opinions differ from each other on this matter.discipline[ˈdisiplin]n.纪律;训练;惩罚;学科vt.训练;惩罚The discipline at the military academy is so rigid that students can hardly bear it.discount[ˈdiskaunt]n.折扣;不受重视v.漠视How much discount could you offer on this down coat?ease[i:z]n.容易;悠闲v.缓和Both cold and flu symptoms can be eased with over-the-counter〔OTC medications as well.efficient[iˈfiʃənt]a.效率高的Try asking yourself what you’d do if your goal were to be helpful rather than efficient.eliminate[iˈlimineit]vt.排除;淘汰Emory University in Atlanta announced it would eliminate loans for needy students and cap them for middle income families.encounter[inˈkauntə]vt./n.遭遇We encounter emergencies and personal crises.executive[iɡˈzekjutiv]a.执行的n.行政官;行政部门The chief executive of the United States is the president,who together with the Vice President,is elected to a four-year term with only two terms.extreme[iksˈtri:m]a.尽头的;极端的n.极端Extreme sports intrigue many young people today.flexible[ˈfleksəbl]a.易弯曲的;可变通的We have arranged to go to the cinema on Friday,but we can be flexible and go another day.improvement[imˈpru:vmənt]n.增进;改进处Your luck improves with the improvement of yourself.incident[ˈinsidənt]n.发生的事;严重事件Arriving home,the boy told his parents about all the incidents which occurred in his dormitory.individual[ˌɪndiˈvidjuəl]n.个体a.单独的Fingerprint verification is a quick and convenient method of establishing an individual’s identity.insist[inˈsist]v.坚持Plenty of folks are so contrary that if they should fall into the river,they would insist upon floating upstream.〔Josh Billings instal<l>[inˈstɔ:l]vt.安装,设置You can pick the parts you want and have us install them for you.launch[lɔ:ntʃ]vt.发射;发动;使开始从事n.发射,投产Angry politicians launched an attack on the princess in the press.leisure[ˈleʒə]n.空闲时间;悠闲The most popular leisure activity in Britain is going for a walk.lobby[ˈlɔbi]n.休息室;<议>院外活动集团v.向<议员等>进行游说They are now lobbying against any legislation to stop Americans from owning one.necessarily[ˈnesisərili]ad.必然地Freedom does not necessarily imply no responsibility.observe[əbˈzə:v]vt.注意到;遵守His wife observed a thief stealing out of the room.obvious[ˈɔbviəs]a.显然的In short,it is obvious that there are far more disadvantages than advantages in playing computer games.online[ˌɔnˈlain]a./ad.联网的<地>And scores of online discussion boards have popped up on which people discuss negative experiences tied to too much time on the Web.prompt[prɔmpt]vt.促使;提示a.敏捷的n.提词We listened so attentively that he felt prompted to expand on his theme.purchase[’pɜːtʃɪs]v.购买;博得Major suppliers of pills that provide protection from radiation say they’re out of stock due to panic purchase,even though experts say that the Japanese nuclear catastrophe poses no health threat to Americans.puzzle[ˈpʌzl]v.<使>迷惑;<使>苦思n.智力测验;难题She puzzled out the math problem.reflect[riˈflekt]v.反射;反省Previous studies have noted thata woman’s face reflects her youth and health.regard[riˈɡɑ:d]vt.对待;注视n.致意;尊敬;注意An upright judge has more regard to justice than to men.respond[riˈspɔnd]vi.回答;响应How did people use to respond when their kids got into trouble at school?salary[ˈsæləri]n.薪金Some women could have made a good salary in a job instead of staying home,but they decided not to work for the sake of the family.scale[skeil]n.刻度;天平;比例<尺>;等级vt.攀登We are going to scale down the trees being felled〔砍伐.scene[si:n]n.镜头;地点;景色After the explosion,the factory was a scene of total confusion.secure[siˈkjuə]a.安全的;安心的;牢固的vt.取得;使安全;缚牢Every citizen has the right to live a peaceful and secure life.senior[ˈsi:njə]a.资格较老的;年长的n.较年长者;毕业班学生The decision to quit a senior position to look for a better one is unconventional.shift[ʃift]v.移动;改变n.转换;<轮或换>班In our fifth annual ranking of best places to raise kids,Bloomberg and Businessweek.com shifted our focus from large,urbanized places to smaller towns and cities.stuff[stʌf]n.原料,东西vt.填满;让…吃饱She stuffed the cushions.submit[səbˈmit]vt.提交;主张vi.听从They should submit a report of their needs and goals.succeed[səkˈsi:d]vi.成功;接着发生;继承vt.接替The stormy night ended and a beautiful morning succeeded.switch[switʃ]n.开关,电闸;转变v.改变I used to cook with electricity,but I’ve switched to gas.tough[tʌf]a.坚强的;老的;困难的;强硬的The author believes that,since the signing of the Kyoto Protocol,few nations have adopted real tough measures to limit energy use.unique[ju:ˈni:k]a.唯一的;极不寻常的There would be no life on earth without its unique environment.vary[ˈvɛəri]vi.变化vt.改变The timing of holidays varies considerably from culture to culture.worldwide[ˈwə:ldwaid]a./ad.全世界<的>Our hotel has a worldwide reputation for good service.Lesson 05 abandon[əˈbændən]vt.丢弃;遗弃;放弃He abandoned his wife and child and went away with all their money.abstract[ˈæbstrækt]vt.抽取a.抽象的n.摘要I really like those abstract paintings we saw yesterday.abundant[əˈbʌndənt]a.丰盛的Books provide abundant material for readers’imagination to grow.acquire[əˈkwaiə]vt.取得Most students attend a university mainly to acquire the knowledge needed for their chosen profession.adjust[əˈdʒʌst]vt.适应;调整Advertisers will have to adjust their methods to reach these audiences.administration[ədˌminisˈtreiʃən]n.经营;执行Because of his excellent administration,people lived in peace and content and all previously neglected matters were taken care of.aggressive[əˈɡresiv]a.侵略的;进取的If you want to be a success in business you must be aggressive.appropriate[əˈprəupriit]a.适当的v.侵吞;拨出<专款>Physical punishment,once accepted from any adult,is no longer appropriate.aspect[ˈæspekt]n.面貌;方面;朝向I am a beginner in this aspect.attitude[ˈætitju:d]n.态度;姿势The intellectuals took an attitude of"wait and see"towards the new administration.attribute[əˈtribju:t]v.把…归因于n.属性She attributes her success to hard work and a bit of luck.automatic[ˌɔ:təˈmætik]a.自动的;不假思索的n.自动手枪Many of our movements are automatic.brief[bri:f]a.短暂的;简单的vt.向…作简要的介绍n.摘要A brief glimpse at a daily newspaper vividly shows how much people in the United States think about business.candidate[ˈkændidit]n.候选人;考生There were about 20 candidates competing for the sales manager job.casual[ˈkæʒjuəl]a.偶然的;随便的;漫不经心的In the following casual debate,three students talk about their own opinions about class discussion.category[ˈkætiɡəri]n.种类Books can be grouped into two categories:the good books and the bad books.chart[tʃɑ:t]n.图表;海图vt.记录;绘制…地图Can you read the weather chart?command[kəˈmɑ:nd]vt.命令;控制;俯瞰n.命令;掌握Every day that they write in their journals puts them a step closer to fluency,eloquence<雄辩>,and command of language.compare[kəmˈpɛə]vt.比较;把…比作vi.相比They were compared to"ant tribe",and the poor living conditions unsettled<使不安>them.conceal[kənˈsi:l]vt.隐藏One of the ways job-seekers can stay safe while using the Internet to search out jobs is to conceal their identities.conclude[kənˈklu:d]v.结束;缔结;推断出The Princess concluded with a simple message:must stop landmines<地雷>."conclusion[kənˈklu:ʒən]n.结尾;缔结;推论The practical conclusion is that if global warming is a potential disaster,the only solution is new technology.confirm[kənˈfə:m]vt.使确信;证实;批准He said he would accept the job,so we asked him to confirm his acceptance inwriting.connection[kəˈnekʃən]n.联系;熟人To help kids build stronger connections with others,you can pull the plug on TVs and computers.consist[kənˈsist]v.由…组成;在于;与…一致The exhibition consists of paintings,videos and photographs by six young Chinese artists.constant[ˈkɔnstənt]a.经常的;坚定的n.常数Constant exposure to intense light affects the eyes badly.construct[kənˈstrʌkt]v.建造;构思n.建筑物;构想Cerling’s team collected tap water samples from 600 cities and constructed a map of the regional differences.consume[kənˈsju:m]vt.花费;吃完;使着迷As a boy,he spent time in the larger cities of Italy,France and Switzerland,where bottle water is consumed daily.contract[kənˈtrækt]v.订<合同>;感染<疾病>n.合同The A-list has contracted with a large agency company.convince[kənˈvins]vt.使确信They are not fully convinced that dieting can help maintain one’s new weight.criticism[ˈkritisizəm]n.批评;评论<文章>Criticism from coaches,parents,and other teammates,as well as pressure to win can create an excessive amount of anxiety or stress for young athletes.decorate[ˈdekəreit]vt.装饰They have their hotel beautifully decorated.deliver[diˈlivə]v.拯救;接生;宣布;投递Television is an attractive medium for advertising because it delivers mass audiences to advertisers.deposit[diˈpɔzit]vt.使沉淀;存放n.沉积物;押金;存款You can hire a bicycle in many places.Usually you’ll have to pay a deposit.derive[diˈraiv]vi.渊源vt.追溯…的起源It’s good to know that quite a few popular English expressions actually derive from the Bible.discourage[disˈkʌridʒ]vt.使泄气;阻止McDonald’s,Greggs,KFC and Subway need to do more to discourage littering by their customers.disorder[disˈɔ:də]n.凌乱;骚乱;失调And caring for a spouse with mental disorder can leave you with some of the same severe problems.divorce[diˈvɔ:s]n.离婚;分离v.<与…>离婚;分离Divorce often has disastrous consequences.dominate[ˈdɔmineit]v.俯视;支配There was a time in my life when people asked constantly for stories about what it’s like to work in a field dominated by men.dramatic[drəˈmætik]a.戏剧的;夸大的;剧烈的Listen,I know being dramatic is the birthright of every teenager.emotion[iˈməuʃən]n.情感Moods should be distinguished from emotions which are usually more intense,related to specific circumstances,and often conscious.enrich[inˈritʃ]vt.充实;使富裕While enriching their imagination,books widen their outlook,develop a fact-finding attitude and train them to use leisure properly.enrol<l>[inˈrəul]vt.招收vi.加入;注册Your name is not on the roll.Are you sure you are enrolled in this class?evaluate[iˈvæljueit]vt.评估Students’grades are evaluated according to their regular performance and their performance in the tests.exaggerate[iɡˈzædʒəreit]v.夸大Mr.Smith says:media are very good at sensing a mood and then exaggerating it."explore[ɪkˈsplɔː<r>]v.探测;探索Play is the most powerful way a child explores the world and learns about himself.failure[ˈfeiljə]n.失败;故障Failure to encode properly can create annoying situations.frame[freim]v.给…加框架;建造;措辞We won our match,so we’re still in the frame for the championship.ideal[aiˈdiəl]n.理想;理想的东西a.理想的;想象的Ideal is the beacon<灯塔>,without ideal,there is no secure direction;without a direction,there is no life.〔Leo Tolstoy impose[imˈpəuz]vt.把…强加于;征<税等>Hollywood imposes American entertainment and its language on the world.impress[imˈpres]vt.给…留下深刻印象When advertisers create a brand,for example,they want to impress consumers with the brand and its image.indispensable[ˌɪndisˈpensəbl]a.必需的It is well known that knowledge is the indispensable condition for the expansion of mind.inquire[inˈkwaiə]v.打听If you want to know the train schedule,please inquire at the booking office.keen[ki:n]a.热心的;激烈的;敏锐的What is the requirement for me,a girl so keen on dancing,to sign up for a dancing society?liberal[ˈlibərəl]a.自由的;慷慨的;心胸宽阔的Taken as a whole,Hollywood movies actually tend to promote liberal values of universal significance.link[liŋk]v.连接n.环节Certainly,the biological link between parents and children is fundamental.locate[ləuˈkeit]vt.使坐落于Please deliver the baggage to my hotel as soon as you’ve located it.Lesson 06 misunderstand[ˌmisʌndəˈstænd]vt.误解I misunderstood him to be his younger brother.monitor[ˈmɔnitə]n.监听器;班长;显示器vt.监听;监测This instrument monitors the patient’s heartbeats.mood[mu:d]n.心情Similarly,the physical act of laughter could improve mood.negative[ˈneɡətiv]a.否定的;负面的n.底片;负数When they are"down",they can have a negative impact on us.neglect[niˈɡlekt]v.忽视;疏忽n.忽略You have been neglecting your work.nevertheless[ˌnevəðəˈles]ad.仍然conj.然而The London Marathon is a difficult race.Nevertheless,thousands of runners participate every year.objective[əbˈdʒektiv]n.目标a.客观的The objective of the attack was to hack our military network.pace[peis]n.步速;<一>步vi.踱步If he continues to work at that pace,he’ll certainly crack up.participate[pɑ:ˈtisipeit]vi.参加In Europe,more than 140 000 students participatein the Erasmus program each year.personality[ˌpə:səˈnæliti]n.人格;人物I have stable personality and high sense of responsibility.perspective[pəˈspektiv]n.透视法;远景;观点Today we must start looking at water resourcesfrom a fresh economic perspective.plus[plʌs]a.多prep.加n.加号;优势Three plus five equals eight.preserve[priˈzə:v]vt.保护;维持…的原状We write to preserve our family histories.priority[praiˈɔriti]n.优先<权>;优先考虑的事Work assessment,where honesty is a priority,might be best done using e-mail.privilege[ˈprivilidʒ]n.特权Senior students are usually allowed certain privileges.prospect[ˈprɔspekt]n.景色;前途I’m about as excited by the prospect as you are.psychological[ˌsaikəˈlɔdʒikəl]a.心理<学>的Such bodily reaction might conceivably<可想象地>help moderate the effects of psychological stress.recall[riˈkɔ:l]v.回想起;召回I remember her face,but I can’t recall where I met her.recommend[ˌrekəˈmend]vt.推荐;劝告;使受欢迎A government study recommended a national highway systemof 33 920 miles.regardless[riˈɡɑ:dlis]ad.不顾Regardless of its power source,the auto in the future will still be the main problemin urban traffic congestion.reject[riˈdʒekt]v.拒绝;退回n.不合格产品Most of her stories had been rejected by publishers.reliable[riˈlaiəbl]a.可靠的I’m reliant on him because he is reliable.represent[ˌrepriˈzent]vt.作为…的代表;象征;表现In the book Peter is represented as a very ordinary person.response[riˈspɔns]n.回答;反应In response to critics,the university denied having a policy asking studentsto participate in"relationship registration".scan[skæn]vt.细看;扫描;浏览n.扫描Someday a stranger will read your e-mail without your permissionor scan the website you’ve visited.shortage[ˈʃɔ:tidʒ]n.不足We regret that owing to the shortage of stockswe are unable to fill your order.skim[skim]v.撇<去>;掠过;浏览I only skimmed the headlines of the newspaper every morning.source[sɔ:s]n.来源;提供消息的人<或资料>It is said in some parts of the world,goats,rather than cows,serve as a vital source of milk.stereotype[ˈsteriəˌtaɪp]n.陈规vt.对…形成固定看法He doesn’t conform to the usual stereotype of the city businessmanwith a dark suit and rolled umbrella.stretch[stretʃ]vt.拉长;使倾注全力vi.伸展n.一段时间,一段路程;延续The ribbon of road stretched before him,totally empty.superior[sjuˈpiəriə]a.较好的;高傲的;优良的n.上级No one can boast of being superior to all the others.suspect[səˈspekt]v.推测;对…表示怀疑n.嫌疑犯a.可疑的The consummate performer,Jackson may well have suspectedthat his final exit would be a spectacle.target[ˈtɑ:ɡit]n.目标vt.瞄准As a result,radio will increasingly attract target audienceswho live many miles apart.temper[ˈtempə]n.温和;发火;脾气vt.调和;使<金属>回火His temper and personality show thathe can become a soldier of the top rank.threaten[ˈθretən]vt.威胁vi.构成威胁Then she played her best card and threatened to resign.transfer[trænsˈfə:]v./n.转移;调动;转车Soon after he transferred to the new school,Ali found that he had difficulty in catching up with his classmatesin math and English.transform[trænsˈfɔ:m]vt.使改变形态;使改观This place,originally a small town,has been transformed into a modern city.upset[ʌpˈset]vt.使心烦意乱;弄翻n.搅乱;不适a.心烦的;不适的He almost upset the boat.urge[ə:dʒ]vt.鼓励;竭力主张;催促n.强烈的欲望My parents urged me to finish college.vehicle[ˈvi:ɪkl]n.车辆;媒介No vehicles are permitted inside the park.volunteer[ˌvɔlənˈtiə]n.志愿者;志愿兵v.自愿<做>;自愿提供She volunteered her services for relief work.whereas[hwɛərˈæz]conj.然而This bird has about twenty different calls,whereas in human languagethe number of possible utterances is limitless.withstand[wiðˈstænd]vt.抵抗Children’s furniture must withstand kicks and blows.yield[ji:ld]vi.屈服;给<车辆>让路vt.产生;放弃n.产量,收益Educating girls quite possibly yields a higher rate of returnthan any other investment available in the developing world.absorb[əbˈsɔ:b]vt.吸收;使全神贯注;同化You must absorb as much information as possible.accomplish[əˈkɔmpliʃ]vt.完成They should help their children accomplish high-quality work.accuse[əˈkju:z]vt.指控These small dog-like animals have long beenaccused of killing farm animals.acknowledge[əkˈnɔlidʒ]vt.承认…的权威;确认;对<礼物等>表示谢忱The losing candidate acknowledged defeat at midnightafter the polls had closed.activity[ækˈtiviti]n.活跃;活动They also did more household workand participated in more such organized activitiesas soccer and ballet.agreement[əˈɡri:mənt]n.协定;同意;一致After failing to reach an agreement on issuessuch as the division of property or custody of children,many couples turn to legal resolution to get divorce.alarm[əˈlɑ:m]n.惊恐;报警器;警报vt.使惊恐The hundred metres minimum avoids false alarmsdue to inaccuracies in the GPS signal.alter[ˈɔ:ltə]vt.改变Alter my dress,or change my mind to say no to junk food?amuse[əˈmju:z]vt.逗乐;给…提供娱乐He amused himself by playing the violin.appliance[əˈplaiəns]n.电器With the development of science and technology,there will be more and more advanced home appliances.appointment[əˈpɔintmənt]n.约会;任命;职位Tom cancelled the appointment with his doctorbecause of the date with his girlfriend.arouse[əˈrauz]vt.引起;唤醒The plight of the victims of the mud-rock slidearoused our compassion.arrange[əˈreindʒ]v.安排;整理It was arranged that they should leave the following spring.assess[əˈses]vt.估算;评价Her needs were assessed at＄180 a week.assist[əˈsist]v.帮助He assists Professor Williams with his teaching.assumption[əˈsʌmpʃən]n.假定Our assumption that we would win was wrong.Lesson 07 ban[bæn]vt./n.取缔;禁止Smokers who violate the ban will face a 68-dollar fine.bargain[ˈbɑ:ɡin]n.特价商品,便宜的东西;<买卖等双方的>协议,交易vi.讨价还价Performance is your best bargaining chipwhen you are seeking a raise.barrier[ˈbæriə]n.关卡;障碍;屏障Trying to criticize writing on the flyis possibly the single greatest barrier to writingthat most of us encounter.beam[bi:m]n.横梁;束;笑容vi.面露喜色vt.播送If the upper beam is not straight,the lower ones will go aslant<斜地>.behalf[biˈhɑ:f]n.利益On behalf of the children of New York,I reject your money.blank[blæŋk]n.空白a.空白的;不理解的At those boring meetings,people usually sit still,looking blank,or scrawl on blank paper.boom[bu:m]n.隆隆声;激增vi.发出隆隆声;繁荣That’s especially true of booming fieldsthat are challenging for workers.border[ˈbɔ:də]n.镶边;边界vt.给…加上边;毗邻vi.近似;接壤The new housing estate borders on the highway.campaign[kæmˈpein]n.战役;运动vi.参加运动Yao Ming,Jackie Chan and astronaut Yang Liweifeature in an ad campaign commissioned by Beijing to boost its soft power.capable[ˈkeipəbl]a.有能力的I don’t believe he is capable of murder.charge[tʃɑ:dʒ]vt.要价;控告;使承担职责;充电vi.收费;冲锋n.价钱;控告;掌管;电荷Most dogs love performing tricks for youto pleasantly accept that you are in charge.civil[ˈsivl]a.公民的;平民的;民事的a.文明的Lots of college students take civil service examination for stable jobs.clarify[ˈklærifai]vt.澄清Please clarify exactly why English should be our official language.client[ˈklaiənt]n.委托人,顾客Clients do seem to put an unusual degree of trust in the firm.combat[ˈkɔmbət]n.战斗v.与…搏斗Throughout the process of reform and opening-up,we must combat corruption.concentrate[ˈkɔnsəntreit]v.集中;聚集;浓缩n.浓缩物After about an hour,I decided to give up on the movie and concentrate on my popcorn.confident[ˈkɔnfidənt]a.确信的,自信的Federal officials respondedthat they are confident the statute will ultimately be upheld.congress[ˈkɔŋɡres]n.代表大会;议会A congress of heart specialists is meeting in Chicago.continuous[kənˈtinjuəs]a.连续的The rain has been continuous since this morning.contrary[ˈkɔntrəri]a.相反的n.相反<事物>sure you like your new job.""On the contrary,it’s dull."convention[kənˈvenʃən]n.<正式>会议;协定;习俗It is important to distinguish between the rules of grammarand the conventions of written language.cope[kəup]vi.抗衡;〔成功地对付,妥善处理,应付Make exercise part of your daily routine.It will help you cope with your own anxietiesand provide a good model for your kids.crash[kræʃ]v.撞击;倒闭n.碰撞<声>Graduated licensing systems have reduced teenage driver crashes,according to recent studies.criticize[ˈkritisaiz]vt.批评;评论The decision was sharply criticized by businessmen nationwide.declare[diˈklɛə]v.宣布;宣称;申报We declared for their proposal.decrease[di:ˈkri:s]v./n.减少The cost of TV advertising has decreased.deny[diˈnai]vt.否认;拒绝给予The boy denied having stolen the bicycle.descend[diˈsend]vi.下降;是…的后裔;传下来vt.走下These ideas descend from those of the ancient philosophers.desert[ˈdezət]n.沙漠v.离弃;擅离He has become so rude that his friends are deserting him.deserve[diˈzə:v]vt.应受<奖、罚>,值得He deserved the scholarship because he worked very hard for it.directly[diˈrektli]ad.直接地;立即;正好地We came directly we got your telephone.discharge[disˈtʃɑ:dʒ]v.解雇;排出n.获准离开;排出<物>Many factories discharge enormous harmful chemicals into airand rivers every day.dismiss[disˈmis]vt.解散;解雇;消除;驳回And I don’t dismiss those concerns.dispute[disˈpju:t]n./v.争论v.对…表示异议Few will dispute that educating women has great social benefits.dissolve[diˈzɔlv]vt.<使>溶解;解散vi.消失,减弱They dissolved their engagement.district[ˈdistrikt]n.区Zip code on letters and packages indicates the postal districtto which they are being sent.economics[ˌɪkəˈnɔmiks]n.经济学;经济情况When they start talking about economics,I’m out of my depth.enormous[iˈnɔ:məs]a.庞大的Being able to speak but not write is like living in an enormous mansion<豪宅and never leaving one small room.entitle[inˈtaitl]v.给...提名,给书、文章提名；给权利The membership card entitled him to certain privileges in the club.equip[iˈkwip]vt.装备;使有准备Please equip yourself with a sharp pencil and a rubber for the exam.estate[isˈteit]n.地产The estate consists of a main house,servants’quarters,stables,and 100 acres of woods.exert[iɡˈzə:t]vt.尽<力>;运用Customers are advised to exert pressure on stores to improve their service.exhibit[iɡˈzibit]vt.展览;显示n.展览品She exhibited no fear in the face of danger.exposure[iksˈpəuʒə]n.显露;揭露China is facing a growing problem with more and more accidents in the workplace involving radiation exposure,experts have said.extent[iksˈtent]n.广度;范围A concern of psychological scientists is the extentto which all of these characteristics are influenced by nature and nurture<养育>,by genetic makeup and the environment.faculty[ˈfækəlti]n.天赋;学院;全体教员A special feature of education at MIT is the opportunity for studentsand faculty to participate together in research activities.forth[fɔ:θ]ad.向前They discussed investments,the state of the economy and so forth.foundation[faunˈdeiʃən]n.基础;基金Preschool lays the foundation for a child’s entire academic learning career.generate[ˈdʒenəreit]vt.产生The living trees generate oxygen,help fix carbon in their branches and in the soil and provide habitat for birds and animals.generous[ˈdʒenərəs]a.慷慨的;宽厚的;大量的The teacher is always generous to his students.guidance[ˈɡaidəns]n.指导This guidance eliminated the need for customers to circle the parking lot endlessly.harmony[ˈhɑ:məni]n.融洽The native Canadians lived in harmony with nature,for they respected nature as a provider of life.harsh[hɑ:ʃ]a.严厉的;刺耳的;毛糙的Harsh words are spoken during gamesbecause the players treat their rivals as enemies.hint[hint]n.暗示;建议;细微的迹象He hinted to us nothing of his resignation.hook[huk]n.钩vt.钩住Check whether the computer is hooked up to the printer.humanity[hju:ˈmæniti]n.人类;人性;人道;人文学科Humanity uses a little less than half the water available worldwide.Lesson 08 illustrate[ˈiləstreit]vt.举例说明;加插图If you read Sports Illustrated,for example,you have much in common with the magazine’s other readers.imitate[ˈimiteit]vt.模仿At yesterday’s party,Elizabeth’s boyfriend amused us by imitating Charlie Chaplin.implement[ˈimplimənt]vt.执行n.工具The school intends to implement initiatives to make education affordable to students from low income and middleincome families.industrial[inˈdʌstriəl]a.工业的But our current industrial systems are basically causing the conditions,whether we like it or not.initial[iˈniʃəl]a.最初的n.<姓名或组织等的>词首大写字母Honest employers do not need this information with an initial application.initiative[iˈniʃiətiv]n.主动性;倡议;主动权To win the war,we must win back the initiative first.innocent[ˈinəsnt]a.清白的;幼稚的;无害的It is better that ten guilty escape than one innocent suffers.〔William Blackstone insert[inˈsə:t]vt.嵌入His hand shook a little as he inserted the key in the lock.inspire[inˈspaiə]vt.鼓舞;使产生灵感Despite immense differences in cultures,heroes around the world generally share a number of characteristics that instruct and inspire people.institute[ˈinstitju:t]vt.设立n.学院The modern Olympic Games were instituted in 1896.insult[inˈsʌlt]v.侮辱n.凌辱He always stuck up for his younger sister when people insulted her.intelligent[inˈtelidʒənt]a.聪明的All sorts of people began to discover that the intelligent use of credit could be extremely helpful.intense[inˈtens]a.紧张的;认真的;热情的There is now intense competition between wine companies to attract customers.intention[inˈtenʃən]n.意图Well-known actor Zhao Benshan has expressed his intention to quit his leading act in a TV series and focus on directing instead,Chengdu Business News reports.interval[ˈintəvəl]n.间隔;幕间休息At intervals she would stop for a rest.item[ˈaitəm]n.条款;一条I’m very pleased with the results of my blood test,for all tested items show negative reactions.judgment[ˈdʒʌdʒmənt]n.评价;审判;判断<力>Universities have always aimed to produce men and women with judgment and wisdom as well as knowledge.justify[ˈdʒʌstifai]vt.证明…正当<或有理>The author’s purpose in writing this is to justify the study of the Boston University Medical Center.label[ˈleibəl]n.标签;称号vt.贴标签于;把…称为Everyone may label campus life with different words,but no one would deny it’s unforgettable and precious.lens[lenz]n.透镜It entitles you to at least 50%off the regular price of either frames or lenses when you buy both.liable[ˈlaiəbl]a.有义务的;易于…的;可能做He was liable for his employees’accidents.limitation[ˌlimiˈteiʃən]n.限制;局限People who try to be as healthy as possible,regardless of their limitations are considered healthy.limited[ˈlimitid]a.有限的Moreover,my knowledge of foreign languages was limited to a little college French.lower[ˈləuə]a.较低的;下面的vt.降低His lower lip trembled.means[mi:nz]n.方法,手段;金钱,财产We must get there by all means before dark.minimum[ˈminiməm]n.最低限度a.最低的Repairing your car will cost a minimum of＄100.muscle[ˈmʌsl]n.肌肉;实力He has well-developed muscles in his arms.necessity[niˈsesiti]n.必要<性>;必需品He felt a great necessity to talk about his problems.negotiate[niˈɡəuʃieit]v.谈判；商议It is easier to negotiate initial salary requirement because once you are inside,the organizational constraints influence wage increases.novel[ˈnɔvəl]n.〔长篇小说a.新颖的This novel is full of adventures.opponent[əˈpəunənt]n.反对者;敌手You should find your opponent’s weaknesses and play on them.oppose[əˈpəuz]vt.反对New opinions are always suspected,and usually opposed,without any other reason but because they are not already common.〔John Locke patch[pætʃ]n.补片;斑;一小块地vt.补We’ve got a vegetable patch at the back of our garden.peak[pi:k]n.山峰a.最大值的vi.达到高峰Asia’s exports may be peaking,then,even as inflation is gathering strength.perceive[pəˈsi:v]vt.察觉;认识到People will perceive things according to how they want to see them.plot[plɔt]n.密谋;故事情节;小块土地v.绘制…的平面图The movie has a very involved plot.principle[ˈprinsəpl]n.原理;信条They are not clear about the principles they should follow.procedure[prəˈsi:dʒə]n.程序Do you know the correct procedure to follow during a fire drill?prominent[ˈprɔminənt]a.突出的;突起的Internet advertising will play a more prominent role in organizations’advertising in the near future.promise[ˈprɔmis]vt.允诺;有希望vi.允诺;有指望n.承诺;希望Since then,Toebe said,she has kept her promise to herself to cut back on her Internet use.proportion[prəˈpɔ:ʃən]n.比例;部分;均衡v.使相称When carbon is added to iron in proper proportions,the result is steel.rank[ræŋk]n.行列;地位;成员v.把…分等;排列Ranked second and third were grocery and electronics customers.realistic[ˌriəˈlistik]a.现实的;现实主义的I’m realistic enough to know it is going to be a very difficult situation to compete against three strong teams.reasonable[ˈri:zənəbl]a.合理的;公道的Don’t be afraid to talk to the teacher because she’s very reasonable.refine[riˈfain]vt.精炼;使优美We get steadily better at lying as we grow older,gradually refining our technique until by full adulthood we are all experts in the art of deception.regulate[ˈreɡjuleit]vt.控制;调节Unlike marriage or the ties that bind parents and children,friendship is not defined or regulated by law.reinforce[ˌri:ɪnˈfɔ:s]vt.增强The house’s wooden frame is reinforced with long steel rods to give it extra strength.release[riˈli:s]vt./n.释放;发布;放开;解除The energy released by the chain reaction is transformed into heat.relevant[ˈreləvənt]a.有关的The best solution is an e-mail address that is relevant to the job you are seeking.reluctant[riˈlʌktənt]a.不情愿的People are reluctant to point out kids’wrongdoings.remark[riˈmɑ:k]v./n.话语,评论Most of their remarks were kindly made with tolerance rather than bitterness.representative[ˌrepriˈzentətiv]n.代表a.有代表性的Are your opinions representative of all the workers here?reserve[riˈzə:v]n.预留;缄默China Salt said they had ample salt reserves to meet people’s need.resist[riˈzist]v.抵抗;抵制He was helpless to resist the temptation.retain[riˈtein]vt.保留The older universities retain even today some of the conservatism of the European universities.retire[riˈtaiə]vi.退休;退出;就寝When they reach a certain age,army officers retire from active service.revenue[ˈrevənju:]n.税收;收入The town planning commission said that their financial outlook for the next year was optimistic.They expected increased tax revenues.reward[riˈwɔ:d]n.报酬;赏金vt.奖赏For Gong Linna,the biggest reward is that I can sing with my own voice on stage".rigid[ˈridʒid]a.严格的;僵硬的When he was studying for exams,he kept to a rigid schedule.Lesson 09 rob[rɔb]vt.抢劫;剥夺They robbed the jewelry store in broad daylight.sample[ˈsɑ:mpl]n.样品,标本v.体验Based on soil samples and dating methods,scientists suspected that Easter Island was once a green paradise.secretary[ˈsekrətəri]n.秘书;书记;部长In Britain the Energy and Climate Change Secretary insisted that the Government would examine closely any lessons to be learnt from the Japanese experience of nuclear crisis.sector[ˈsektə]n.部门;防御地段;扇形Fashion is one sector of the beauty industry.signal[ˈsiɡnəl]n.信号;标志v.<向…>发信号;标志着a.显著的Her speech yesterday was a signal that her views had changed.site[sait]n.位置;网站vt.使坐落在WHO would like to assure governments and members of the public that there is no evidence the nuclear site.slip[slip]vi.滑<倒>;溜走;下降vt.悄悄放进n.疏漏But trying to avoid silly slips by concentrating more could make things a lot worse even dangerous.specialize[ˈspeʃəlaiz]vi.专门研究He specialized in oriental history.species[ˈspi:ʃi:z]n.种,类Humankind is luckier than most species;it has the advantage of being able to think ahead,and to prepare for the changes to come.stimulate[ˈstimjuleit]vt.刺激,使兴奋,鼓舞Nice surroundings will stimulate our learning.strategy[ˈstrætidʒi]n.战略Verizon’s marketing and advertising strategy,she said,would continue to focus on what the company viewed as its main advantage:call quality.sufficient[səˈfiʃənt]a.足够的The European Union countries were once worried that they would not have sufficient supplies of petroleum.suppose[səˈpəuz]vt.料想;假设;期望Engineering students are supposed to be examples of practicality and rationality.sustain[səˈstein]vt.保持;供养;支持Two chemicals that swiftly kill most living things may sustain weird organisms in harsh environments on Earth,or even on alien planets.temporary[ˈtempərəri]a.暂时的Salaries for temporary positions seems to be higher than for permanent ones.thorough[ˈθʌrə]a.彻底的;精心的Without thorough and careful analysis,even positive factors may be dismissed.trace[treis]n.痕迹;极少量v.描绘Experts finally traced the cause of her illness.trial[ˈtraiəl]n.审判;试用;讨厌的人<或事物>The new product is on trial before it is put on the market.ultimate[ˈʌltimit]a.最后的;极端的n.终极The ultimate social network is still being mapped out.undergo[ˌʌndəˈɡəu]vt.经历People inevitably undergo a period of adjustment after the loss of their spouse.urban[ˈə:bən]a.城市的The cost of living for urban residents is much higher than that for those in rural areas.version[ˈvə:ʃən]n.版本;说法She bought a copycat version of Louis Vuitton bag to gratify her vanity.via[ˈvaiə]prep.经由I have revised my reservation via Internet.vital[ˈvaitəl]a.生死攸关的;有生命的Still,exercise’s supporting role in weight reduction is vital.worth[wə:θ]n.价值prep.值<多少>钱的;值得…的A handful of common sense is worth a bushel of learning.accumulate[əˈkju:mjuleit]vt.积累vi.<数量>逐渐增加,<质量>提高Our civilization has accumulated an incredible amount of knowledge.acquaintance[əˈkweintəns]n.认识;泛泛之交That’s OK between sisters but becomes dangerous territory when you’re talking to the children of friends or acquaintances.addition[əˈdiʃən]n.加法;增加的人<或物>In addition to the doctors,we’re going to need more sociologists,biologists,urban planners and specialized lawyers.adequate[ˈædikwit]a.足够的;胜任的They should see to it that their children have adequate sleep.agency[ˈeidʒənsi]n.代理处;专门机构He obtained a position in a government office through the agency of friends.aid[eid]n.帮助;辅助物v.帮助Need-based aid remains by far the largest share of all student aid,which includes state,federal and institutional grants.alert[əˈlə:t]n.警戒;警报a.留神的;警觉的vt.向…报警;使意识到Shoppers seldom complain to the owner of a retail store,but instead will alert their friends.altitude[ˈæltitju:d]n.高度;高地Some people develop altitude effects when climbing high mountains.ambition[æmˈbiʃən]n.雄心;野心You should try to restrain your ambition and be more realistic.announce[əˈnauns]v.宣告;声称The government announced that they would build a new highway to the mountain.arise[əˈraiz]vi.出现;由…引起;起身Development arises from the contradiction inside a thing.assemble[əˈsembl]v.<人>集合vt.<物>装配Everybody assembled in the hall where they were welcomed by the secretary.asset[ˈæset]n.有价值的人<或物>;资产His assets included shares in the company and a house in London.basement[ˈbeismənt]n.地下室It is rather damp in the basement.bother[ˈbɔðə]vt.打扰;使不安vi.烦恼;尽力n.令人烦恼的人<或事物>I’m very sorry to have bothered you with so many questions on such an occasion.branch[brɑ:ntʃ]n.树枝;分部He hoped the firm would transfer him to the branch in Paris.burst[bə:st]vt.使爆裂vi.爆炸;挤满n.爆发We all burst into laughter and decided to forget it.capture[ˈkæptʃə]vt.捕获;夺得;占领But those captured were anything but terrorists.channel[ˈtʃænl]n.海峡;频道;途径The Golf Channel,for instance,is watched by people who play golf.characteristic[ˌkæriktəˈristik]a.典型的,特征On the other hand,fever is one of the characteristic features of the flu for all ages.chase[tʃeis]n./vt.追逐;追求They chased the bear away.chew[tʃu:]v.咀嚼;思量Let me chew it over for a few days,and then I will let you have my answer.chill[tʃil]vt.使很冷;使恐惧n.风寒;寒冷The freezing weather chilled me to the bone.chip[tʃip]vt.削下n.碎片;炸土豆条;缺口Little chips light great fires.circuit[ˈsə:kit]n.环行道,电路,环行The old scientist used to run three circuits of the track every morning.clumsy[ˈklʌmzi]a.笨拙的;不得体的The machine looked like a large,clumsy,old-fashioned typewriter.competent[ˈkɔmpitənt]a.有能力的If you want to learn English,you must first find a competent teacher.complaint[kəmˈpleint]n.抱怨;疾病I have a number of complaints about the hotel room you’ve given me.compose[kəmˈpəuz]vt.创作<乐曲等>;组成;使平静The committee members were composed mainly of teachers and parents.concrete[ˈkɔnkri:t]n.混凝土a.具体的Finally,help another person and make the help real,concrete.confront[kənˈfrʌnt]vt.遭遇;面对;使对质Obama accepted the Nobel Peace Price as a call to action for nations to confront the challenges of the 21st century.congratulate[kənˈɡrætjuleit]vt.祝贺Why does the author congratulate his male readers at the beginning of the passage?conscious[ˈkɔnʃəs]a.神志清醒的;意识到的;有意的One good result of the last energy crisis was that people became more and more conscious of the importance of energy.consistent[kənˈsistənt]a.前后一致的The first thing people are usually judged on is their ability to perform well on a consistent basis.controversy[ˈkɔntrəvə:si]n.争论With this year more than half gone,few films have attracted public attention,but this film production has stirred a controversy among critics.context[ˈkɔntekst]n.语境;环境Don’t quote my words out of context.coordinate[kəuˈɔ:dineit]a.同等的n.坐标v.协调The army,navy and air force are coordinate branches of the armed services.county[ˈkaunti]n.郡;县A county usually consists of several towns and the rural areas that surround them.crack[kræk]n.裂缝;噼啪声v.<使>破裂The police are cracking down on illegal parking.critical[ˈkritikəl]a.批评的;决定性的The war demonstrated how critical highways were to the defense effort.crude[kru:d]a.粗糙的;天然的He made some crude jokes.cycle[ˈsaikl]n.自行车vi.骑自行车n./v.循环A year constitutes a cycle of the seasons.Lesson 10 debate[diˈbeit]v./n.辩论It was a curious exchange,less a debate than a quarrel between the old couple.depress[diˈpres]vt.按下;使沮丧;使不景气It depresses me to see so many young girls smoking.depressed[dɪˈprest]a.沮丧的;不景气的Small business,dependent as it is on depressed domestic consumption,lacks the funds or incentives to resume hiring.device[diˈvais]n.手段;装置I just gave her a brush and paints,and left her to her own devices.devise[diˈvaiz]vt.策划;发明He devised an instrument to measure light waves.dim[dim]a.昏暗的;朦胧的v.<使>变暗淡The room is too dim for me to read.dine[dain]vt.进正餐They would dine out together once a month.discard[disˈkɑ:d]vt.抛弃Once we start to see people as individuals,and discard the stereotypes,we can move positively toward inclusiveness for everyone.disguise[disˈɡaiz]vt.假扮;伪装;掩盖n.伪装物A cloak of illusion,or a material that disguises one object as another,is being developed by scientists in Hong Kong.distract[disˈtrækt]vt.使分心Engaging in leisure-time activities with othershelps us to meet our social needswhile at the same time distracting us from our worries and troubles.distribute[disˈtribju:t]vt.分发;使分布The invention of paper meant more people could be educatedbecause more books could be printed and distributed.diverse[daiˈvəs]a.多种多样的Dale is an account executivewho attended one of my workshopson supervising a diverse workforce.division[diˈviʒən]n.分开;分配;分歧;部门Which division of the company do you work in?domestic[dəˈmestik]a.本国的;家<庭>的;驯养的domestic violence家庭暴力doubtful[ˈdautful]a.怀疑的;未定的I doubt/am doutful whether this is what he wants.drain[drein]v.排除…表面的水;枯竭Having the decision hanging over your headis a huge energy drain.drift[drift]vi.漂流n.水流;吹积物;趋势Small snacks may help you drift off,but large late-night meals can keep you up.economical[ˌɪkəˈnɔmikəl]a.节约的She is an economical housekeeperand feeds her family cheaply.edition[iˈdiʃən]n.版本This edition of the dictionary is sold out.elaborate[iˈlæbəreit]v.详述;详细制订a.精心制作的Once we’ve read the material,we want to discuss it or hear it elaborated on,not repeated.elbow[ˈelbəu]n.肘vt.用肘推Keep your elbows off the table.embrace[imˈbreis]v./n.拥抱;欣然接受The group of technicians are engaged in a studywhich embraces all aspects of urban planning.emit[iˈmit]vt.发出A volcano emits smoke and ashes.emphasize[ˈemfəsaiz]v.强调I must emphasize the fact that they are only children.enclose[inˈkləuz]vt.围住;随函附上I had just posted the letterwhen I remembered that I hadn’t enclosed the cheque.ending[ˈendiŋ]n.结尾Real love stories never have endings.〔Richard Bach endure[inˈdjuə]vi.持续vt.忍受The art of life is to know how to enjoy a little and to endure much.enforce[inˈfɔ:s]vt.强制执行vt.强迫Governments make laws and the police enforce them.enterprise[ˈentəpraiz]n.进取心;事业The shift of surplus farm labor to rural enterprisesstimulated industrial development.entertain[ˌentəˈtein]v.使欢乐;招待You can take your friends to the KTVand entertain them there.exception[ikˈsepʃən]n.例外No one works well when tired,and insects are no exception.extensive[iksˈtensiv]a.广阔的;广泛的It is quite necessary for a qualified teacherto have good manners and extensive knowledge.faithful[ˈfeiθful]a.忠诚的;可信任的;如实的Only a person who has faith in himselfis able to be faithful to others.〔Fromm fare[fɛə]n.票价vi.过日子;进展He fared quite well in the exam.fatal[ˈfetl]a.致命的Some people consider the hydrogen bomba very fatal weapon which could kill somebody.favo<u>rable[ˈfeɪvərəbəl,ˈfeɪvrə-]a.有利的;赞许的The boat will go fast if the wind is favo<u>rable.feasible[ˈfi:dbæk]a.可行的It’s hard for me to figure out any feasible ways at the moment.feedback[ˈfi:dbæk]n.反馈意见We need more feedback from the consumerin order to improve our goods.file[fail]v.归档;排成纵队;提出申请<等>We have all your particulars on file.format[ˈfɔ:mæt]n.设计;版式vt.使格式化Please format this floppy disk for me,and I’ll use it in 5 minutes.former[ˈfɔ:mə]a.以前的n.前者Did he go there by air or by train?The former seems more likely.gesture[ˈdʒestʃə]v.做手势n.姿势;表示The policeman gestured for us to proceed.graduate[ˈɡrædjuit]v.毕业n.毕业生a.研究生的The university graduated 350 students last year.grip[ɡrip]v.紧紧抓住;揪住;吸引<注意力>n.掌握The little girl was so frightenedthat she just wouldn’t loosen her grip on my arm.guarantee[ˌɡærənˈti:]n.保证<书>vt.保证Nearly every time this country has expanded its social safety netor tried to guarantee civil rights,passionate opposition has followed.guard[ɡɑ:d]vt.守卫n.警卫员;警戒Be on your guard against thieves.highlight[ˈhailait]vt.强调n.最重要的部分The teacher highlighted the key conceptsin the essay for the students.identical[aiˈdentikəl]a.同一的;相同的All eggs look similar,but no two eggs are identical.immune[iˈmju:n]a.<对…>免疫的;免除的;不受影响的He has had the disease once,so he should be immune to it now.industrialize[inˈdʌstriəlaiz]v.<使>工业化Japan was very rapidly industrializedin the late nineteenth century.inflation[inˈfleiʃən]n.充气;通货膨胀The government is determined to bring down inflation.inherent[inˈhiərənt]a.固有的The main challenge is imposedby the inherent difficulty of the activity.inherit[inˈherit]vt.继承;由遗传而得到The author believes emotional energy is inheritedand genetically determined.inquiry[inˈkwaiəri]n.打听;调查They stated their considered judgment,painstakingly arrived at after thorough inquiry and deliberation.institution[ˌɪnstiˈtju:ʃən]n.公共机构;制度Universities are institutionsthat teach a wide variety of subjects at advanced levels.Instruct[inˈstrʌkt]vt.指导;指示Effective communication is necessary toinstruct your dog about what you want it to do.insurance[inˈʃuərəns]n.保险He works in an international insurance company.insure[inˈʃuə]v.保证;给…保险Our company will insure the goodsagainst all risks for 120%of the invoice value.integrate[ˈintiɡreit]v.<使>成为一体We must integrate theory with practice.intend[inˈtend]vt.想要;意指By negotiating,the two parties intend to explore their common interestsand what’s the most important,to reach the win-win option at last.invade[inˈveid]v.侵略,侵害;干预;渗透No country should invade others in the name of anything.invest[inˈvest]v.投<资>;投入;授予Parents in low-income countriesfail to invest in their daughtersbecause they do not expect them to make an economic contribution to the family.investigate[inˈvestiɡeit]v.调查Many a delegate was in favor of his proposalthat a special committee be set up to investigate the incident.isolate[ˈaisəleit]vt.使隔离It snowed heavily for three days on endand we were isolated from the outside world.Lesson 11 junior[ˈdʒu:njə]a.年少的n.年少者;三年级学生Are you a sophomore or junior?laundry[ˈlɔ:ndri]n.洗衣店;洗好的衣服Send it to the laundry.Don’t dry-clean it.leap[li:p]vi.跃,突然做某事,迅速地反应The population of Africais growing by leaps and bounds.lease[li:s]n.租约vt.出租;租有I have never seen a lease before,so I think I should understand its terms before I sign it.legal[ˈli:ɡəl]a.法律<上>的;合法的When you drive,you must not exceed the legal limit.lest[lest]conj.惟恐We booked rooms at the hotellest we should find no vacancies on our arrival.liar[ˈlaɪə]n.说谎的人A liar is not believed when he speaks the truth.loan[ləun]n.贷款vt.借出Students have to consider another factor this year:the credit crunch has spoiled the market for student loans.magnificent[mæɡˈnifisənt]a.壮丽的I couldn’t agree with you more.The view from the top of the building is magnificent.majority[məˈdʒɔriti]n.多数The vast majority of young Japanese childrenare taught to read at home by their parents.manufacture[ˌmænjuˈfæktʃə]v.运用机器制造;捏造Lots of well-known people are manufactured by the Internet.mature[məˈtjuə]a.成熟的;成年人的v.<使>成熟They told me I was wise and maturebeyond my 18 years,and I believed them.maximum[ˈmæksiməm]n.最大量a.最大的The level of formaldehyde〔甲醛gas in her kitchenwas twice the maximum allowed by federal standards for chemical workers.mere[miə]a.仅仅的;纯粹的Obviously the judges did not state their personal preferences,their mere likes and dislikes.minor[ˈmainə]a.较小的;次要的n.未成年人;辅修科目vi.辅修This is a world full of minor conflicts,and unhappy experiencesand encounters may even drive you mad.mislead[ˌmisˈli:d]vt.把…带错路;误导You misled me as to your intentions.multiply[ˈmʌltiplai]v.<使>倍增;乘It revealed the secret ofhow bacteria multiply in cream and butter.numerous[ˈnju:mərəs]a.众多的Numerous studies already linkthe first meal of the day to better classroom performance.offend[əˈfend]v.冒犯;使厌恶;违犯I don’t think it’s wise of youto show your knowledge in front of the director,for it may offend him.option[ˈɔpʃən]n.选择<权>This option allows a job seeker to post a resumewithout having it searched by employers.optional[ˈɔpʃənl]a.可以任选的English is a compulsory subjecton this course;Art is optional.original[əˈridʒinəl]a.起初的;独创的;原版的n.原作They need original ideasfrom employees hired overseas.outcome[ˈautkʌm]n.结果While she awaits the outcome,the government has granted her permission.outstanding[ˌautˈstændiŋ]a.突出的She is an outstanding actress.overall[ˈəuvərɔ:l]n.工装裤a.综合的ad.总的来说Under certain conditions,guerrilla warfare works betterto the overall victory than trench warfare.overtake[ˌəuvəˈteik]v.赶上;突然降临;<感情等>压倒They believe extreme sports wouldoffer people an opportunity to overtake themselvesand to develop character.package[ˈpækidʒ]n.包裹;一揽子交易They are trying to put together a packagethat will end the dispute.panel[ˈpænəl]n.嵌板;控制板;专家咨询组All the candidates were interviewed by a panel of five.panic[ˈpænik]n.恐慌v.<使>恐慌Half awake,he was aware of a hammeringat the door and conscious of a rapidly rising panic fear.parallel[ˈpærəlel]n.相似处;纬线a.类似的;平行的vt.与…相似<或相当>The doctor knew of no parallel to his patient’s case,and was unsure what treatment to prescribe.peer[pɪr]n.同龄人vi.仔细看She peered at him closely,as if not believing it could really be him.pension[ˈpenʃən]n.养老金vt.发给…养老金Younger people today mostly acceptthat they will have to work for longerand that their pensions will be less generous.permanent[ˈpə:mənənt]a.永久<性>的There is no permanent friend or enemy,and there is only permanent interest.〔Churchill permission[pəˈmiʃən]n.许可;许可证I obtained permissionfrom my father to use his computer.persuade[pəˈsweid]vt.说服;使相信Since he lied to me,he will never persuade meof his sincerity or truthfulness.phase[feiz]n.方面;<月>相;阶段The supreme phase in his life is being a Beijing drifter.phenomenon[fiˈnɔminən,fəˈnɒmɪnən]n.现象;非凡的人Is the phenomenon ofNCEE<National College Entrance Exams>migrantindicative of educational unfairness?pitch[pitʃ]n.球场;程度;音高;沥青;投掷;猛然倒下;颠簸The ship rolled and pitched in the rough sea.plug[plʌɡ]n.插座;塞子vt.把…塞住It’s up to you to plug the leak.positive[pəˈzes]a.确实的;积极的;正极的n.正片Accomplishments help you keep a positive attitudeand are useful when presenting yourselfto a potential employer.possess[pəˈzes]vt.有One of the most powerful strategicplanning tools a businesscan possess is a marketing plan.precise[priˈsais]a.精确的;严谨的A lawyer needs a precise mind.presence[ˈprezəns]n.出席;仪表The presence of the police frightenedmany criminals out of committing further crimes.presentation[ˌprezənˈteiʃən]n.介绍;呈交The presentation made by Professor Jacksonwas complicated to understand.prevail[priˈveil]vi.流行;获胜;<思想等>被接受Common sense must prevail.If things don’t go well,then have a chat.previous[ˈpri:viəs]a.先,前;在…之前The exam was easier than the previous one.primitive[ˈprimitiv]a.原始的;发展水平低的n.原始人Though raised in a big city,Peter always prefers topaint the primitive scenes of country life.prior[ˈpraiə]a.在前的A prior engagement will preclude me from coming.profession[prəˈfeʃən]n.职业;同业;宣称I don’t know what profession would suit me.prohibit[prəˈhibit]vt.阻止Existing laws prohibit employersfrom treating pregnant employees differentlyfrom similarly situated non-pregnant employees.proof[pru:f]n.证据;校样We have abundant proof of his guilt.provoke[prəˈvəuk]激怒;激起His behavior finally provoked her into leaving him.Lesson 12 qualify[ˈkwɔlifai]vt.使符合质量要求v.<使>合格;<使>合适These merit scholarships can be renewedeach year as long as the recipientscontinue to qualify.radical[ˈrædikəl,ˈrædɪkl]a.根本的;激进的n.激进分子It is well-knownthat the most radical willbecome a conservative on the dayafter the revolution.rare[rɛə]a.稀有的;<肉>半熟的The higher we go above the earth,the rarer air is.react[riˈækt]vi.作出反应;过敏People can react badly to certain food additives.rear[riə]n.后部a.后部的vt.抚养,饲养Why do psychiatrists regard maturityas an asset in child rearing?reception[riˈsepʃən]n.接待;招待会She was looking for potted plantsto place in the reception areas and offices.recruit[riˈkru:t]vt.招募<新兵>n.新兵,新成员It helps the company recruit graduate students.reference[ˈrefrəns]n.提到;参考;介绍信I asked for a reference letterfrom IBM Company when I resigned from it.regarding[riˈɡɑ:diŋ]prep.关于Call me if you have any problemregarding your work.register[ˈredʒistə]v.登记;流露;达到;注意到Within two weeks of arrival,all foreigners had to register with the local police.relax[riˈlæks]v.放松;缓和Let your muscles relax slowly.relief[riˈli:f]n.痛苦等减轻,解除;救济,援救To our relief,Geoffrey’s illnessproved not to be as serious as we had feared.rely[riˈlai]vi.依靠;信赖Richer economies rely less on agriculture,which is vulnerable to climatic change,and more on industry and services,which by and large are not.remedy[ˈremidi,ˈremədi]n.补救办法;治疗法vt.纠正;治疗As for a cold,the sooner a personstarts taking over-the-counter remedy,the sooner relief will come.remote[riˈməut]a.遥远的;关系疏远的Look at this new remote control I invented.render[ˈrendə]vt.给予;使得;表演;翻译We wish to present youwith this in appreciationof the kind assistance you have rendered us.reputation[ˌrepjuˈteiʃən]n.名声Television is an attractive advertising mediumin that it helps build up a company’s reputation.resolve[riˈzɔlv]v.解决;决定;分解n.决心,决意I’m involved in an organization,and we’re trying to resolve that problem.resort[rɪˈzɔːt]vi.求助n.胜地;求助的对象;凭借If other means fail,we shall resort to force.restore[riˈstɔ:]vt.恢复;归还;修复In many cases,identity theftnot only causes the victims’immediatefinancial losses but costs them a lot to restore their reputation.resume[riˈzju:m]n.摘要;简历v.继续The pioneers resumed their journeyafter a short rest.retreat[riˈtri:t]n./vi.撤退;退缩n.隐退处You can’t retreat from the responsibility in this affair.reverse[riˈvə:s]v.颠倒;正反倒置n.背面;相反a.相反的In summer,the system can be reversedto cool buildings as well.revise[riˈvaiz]vt.复习;修订vi.复习None of the thingsI had revised came up in the exam.rid[rid]vt.使摆脱He was finally able to rid himselfof all the financial worries.scheme[ski:m]n.计划;阴谋v.密谋In view of recent developments,we do not think your scheme is practical.scope[skəup]n.范围;余地The International Olympic Committeeasked for the protection of intellectualproperty rights of very wide scope.screen[skri:n]n.屏幕v.掩蔽You can enlarge the pictureby simply touching the screen of the smart phone.secondary[ˈsekəndəri]a.次要的;辅助的;中等的Most parents are so gratefulto have a healthy babythat the sex of the childis a secondary consideration.select[siˈlekt]vt.选择a.精选的You can just select your destinationand press the button on the map,it will show you how to take subways.sensible[ˈsensəbl]a.明智的My parents,teachers and other adultspraised me for such a sensible choice.sensitive[ˈsensitiv]a.敏感的;神经过敏的The woman is sensitive to weather changes.shield[ʃi:ld]n.防护物vt.保护Motorcyclists should wear helmetsto shield themselves from injury.shrink[ʃriŋk]vi.起皱;退缩vt.使起皱His son shrinks from meeting strangers.sign[sain]n.标记;招牌;征兆v.签<名>As the first signs of recovery begin to take hold,deputy chiefs may be more willing to make the jump without a net.significant[siɡˈnifikənt]a.意味深长的The detective said that the time of murderwas extremely significant.simply[ˈsimpli]ad.简单地;朴素地;仅仅;完全A mistake is never a setback;it is simply another opportunity to learn.sketch[sketʃ]n.略图;简介;素描v.绘<…的>略图;概述Sketch out what you intend to do.slender[ˈslendə]a.苗条的;微小的Mrs.Morris’s daughter is pretty and slender,and many girls envy her.sole[səul]a.单独的;独有的She is the sole beneficiaryof her husband’s＄10 000 insurance policy.spoil[spɔil]vt.损坏;宠坏vi.变质n.战利品Spare the rod and spoil the child.spur[spə:]vt.激励n.刺激<物>He buy the car on the spur of the moment.squeeze[skwi:z]vt.挤,捏,压;挤出,榨出;<使>挤进,塞入n.挤压Time is like the water in the sponge.If you like,it can still be squeezed out.stable[ˈsteibl]a.稳定的,安定的n.马厩,马棚I prefer state-owned companiesfor their better welfare arrangementsand stable payments.storage[ˈstɔ:ridʒ]n.贮藏;存储These new cupboards will give usmore storage space.strain[strein]vt.拉紧;使紧张;拉伤vi.尽力n.极度紧张;扭伤The pressure to compete causes Americansto be energetic,but it also puts themunder a constant emotional strain.stroke[strəuk]n.击;报时的钟声;笔画;中风vt./n.抚摸The most common for the serious emergenciesinclude heart trouble,strokes,and difficulty breathing.succession[səkˈseʃən]n.接替;接续The clever fellow only spent 25 minutesinstalling 3 sets of toys in succession.suck[sʌk]v.吸,吮He is always sucking up to his boss.sum[sʌm]n.总数;金额;算术vi.共计Is that the sum of what you’ve donein the last two years?surge[sə:dʒ]n.激增;涌起vi.涌起;使强烈地感到;飞涨Thousands of people have inundated<洪水般扑来>private jet companies with requestsfor evacuation flights,sending prices surging.survive[səˈvaiv]vi.活下来vt.幸免于;比…活得长They are more likelyto survive serious diseases today.tackle[ˈtækl]vt.对付;阻截;与…交涉n.阻截;用具Are you competent enough totackle all your problems on your own?track[træk]vt.跟踪n.足迹;跑道;轨道;小路I finally managed to track downthe book you wanted in a bookshop near the station.transmit[trænzˈmit]v.播送;传送;传染Some diseases are transmittedby certain water animals.troublesome[ˈtrʌblsəm]a.令人烦恼的The problem appears to be more troublesome in newlyconstructed homes rather than old ones.typical[ˈtipikəl]a.典型的He is a typical"rich second-generation".undertake[ˌʌndəˈteik]vt.承担;同意Undertake not what you cannot perform,but be careful to keep your promise.<George Washington>urgent[ˈə:dʒənt]a.急迫的Sometimes the most urgent and vital thingyou can possibly do is to take a complete rest.utilize[ˈju:tilaiz]vt.利用utmost[ˈʌtməust]a.最大的n.极限I’ll do my utmost to make up the listand satisfy everybody in our office.utter[ˈʌtə]a.彻底的vt.说She is an utter stranger to me.Lesson 13 verify[ˈverifai]vt.证明;核实The prisoner’s statement was verifiedby several witnesses.vessel[ˈvesəl]n.大船;容器;导管He chose that fingerbecause it was thoughtthat the blood vessel in that fingerwent directly to the heart.violate[ˈvaiəleit]vt.违反;侵犯;亵渎The actress violated the termsof her contract and was sued by the procedure.volume[ˈvɔlju:m]n.卷;容积;音量The latest edition of The Complete Worksof Lu Xun comes in sixteen volumes.voluntary[ˈvɔləntəri]a.自愿的She is a voluntary worker at the hospital.withdraw[wiðˈdrɔ:]v.撤销;提取The US government threatenedthat it would withdraw all its investmentfrom that country if the country didn’t reduce the custom duties.abnormal[æbˈnɔ:məl]a.异常的We do not thinksuch an abnormal phenomenon will last long.aboard[əˈbɔ:d]prep./ad.在船上It’s time to go aboard.absent[ˈæbsənt]a.缺席的;缺乏的;心不在焉的He that fears you present,will hate you absent.absolute[ˈæbsəlju:t]a.十足的;绝对的Power tends to corrupt,and absolute power corrupts absolutely.academy[əˈkædəmi]n.学会;专门学校He graduated from a military academy.accompany[əˈkʌmpəni]vt.陪伴;伴随;为…伴奏Tomorrow the mayor isto accompany a group ofCanadian businessmen on a tour of the city.accordance[əˈkɔ:dəns]n.一致We will handle this issuein accordancewith international lawsand international practices.acquaint[əˈkweint]vt.使了解I’ve been acquainted with their customs.advanced[ədˈvɑ:nst]a.先进的;高级的;晚期的Britain is an advanced industrial country.advisable[ədˈvaizəbl]a.明智的It is not advisable to act without planning.affection[əˈfekʃən]n.喜爱Why do Americans displaysuch affection in a public place?alike[əˈlaik]a.相像的ad.相似地;同样地So many young people-male and femalealike-tend to overemphasize physical attributes.allergic[əˈlɜ:dʒɪk]a.过敏性的I’m allergic to this medicine.allowance[əˈlauəns]n.津贴Plus,they give me a really generous allowance.ally[ˈælaɪ]v.<使>结盟n.同盟者;支持者Most women have all other womenas adversaries；most men have all other menas their allies.alternative[ɔ:lˈtə:nətiv]a.两者择一的;非传统的n.可供选择的事物The judge offered him the alternativeof a fine or six months in prison.amateur[ˈæmətə]n.业余爱好者;外行a.业余爱好的;外行的amaze[əˈmeiz]vt.使惊奇He spoke perfect Korean---I was really amazed.Ambassador[æmˈbæsədə]n.大使Mr.Smith is the British Ambassador to Greece.amid[əˈmid]prep.在…中间Stephen Chow appearedin the auditorium of Peking Universityamid deafening applause.ancestor[ˈænsistə]n.祖先;原型He is sprung from noble ancestors.anchor[ˈæŋkə]n.锚;给人安全感之物<或人>v.抛<锚>;把…系住;担任主持人A steam boat arrived and anchored in the bay.angle[ˈæŋɡl]n.角;观点vt.把…放置成一角度;从<某角度>报道This program is at an angle of young viewers.anniversary[ˌæniˈvə:səri]n.周年纪念<日>They celebrated their wedding anniversaryby opening a bottle of champagne.apartment[əˈpɑ:tmənt]n.一套公寓房间The man is looking for an apartment.arrest[əˈrest]vt./n.逮捕vt.停止;抓住The police made several arrests.artificial[ˌɑ:tiˈfiʃəl]a.人工的;假装的She welcomed me with an artificial smile.assign[əˈsain]vt.分配;指定;指派Each overseas teacher was assigned a flat.assure[əˈʃuə]vt.使…确信;向…保证We can assure youthat we are well experienced in this line.bachelor[ˈbætʃələ]n.单身男子;学士Some students failed toget a bachelor’s degreebecause they failed the CET-4.bankrupt[ˈbæŋkrʌpt]a.破产的;完全缺乏vt.使破产n.破产者The inflation has made many small companiesgo bankrupt.bare[bɛə]a.裸体的;光秃秃的vt.揭开a.刚刚够的Although they plant treesin this area every year,the tops of some hills are still bare.barrel[ˈbærəl]n.桶;枪管The store offered barrels full of crackersand pickles.battery[ˈbætəri]n.排炮;电池<组>;一批The teacher asked us a battery of questions.beneath[biˈni:θ]prep.在…下面ad.在…掩盖下Route 66 runs directly beneath that building.bet[bet]v.<以…>打赌n.打赌;赌注He bet ten dollars on the horse.betray[biˈtrei]vt.背叛;泄露;辜负He was accused of betraying the state secrets.bid[bid]v.命令;向<某人>问候;出价n.努力Several firms have bid for the contract tobuild the new concert hall.bleed[bli:d]vi.流血vt.长期榨取You are bleeding at the nose.bloom[blu:m]n.花;健康有精神的面貌vi.开花;变得健康Carnations<康乃馨>are in full bloom in May.bolt[bəult]n.螺栓;插销vt.拴住vi.冲出去"They want someonewho isn’t constrainedby nuts and bolts to look at the big picture,"says Scheetz.bond[bɔnd]n.纽带;债券;契约v.<使>结合Emily,place this ring on Ross’s fingeras a symbol of your bond everlasting.bound[baund]a.受约束的vt.成为…的界线n.界限vi.跳跃n.跳跃I was bound in duty to tell him the truth.boundary[ˈbaundəri]n.边界The two countries are negotiatingfor a peaceful settlementof the boundary question.breakthrough[ˈbreikˌθru:]n.突破The debate over global warmingwill lead to technological breakthroughs.breed[bri:d]n.品种vt.饲养;酿成vi.交配繁殖Unemployment may breed violence and despair.broaden[ˈbrɔ:dn]v.加宽The road broadens after this bend.bunch[bʌntʃ]n.群;束vi.集中vt.使成一束All the runners bunched together.cabinet[ˈkæbinit]n.陈列柜;政府内阁The Cabinet are meeting todayto discuss the economic problems.cable[ˈkeibl]n.缆绳;电缆;电报vt.给…发电报I need an Internet cable for my laptop.capacity[kəˈpæsiti]n.容量;能力;职位And humanity carries on as it is in use of resources,globally it will need the capacityof two Earths by 2030.cash[kæʃ]n.现金vt.兑现支票The shop cashes in on temporary shortageby raising prices.catalog<ue>[ˈkætəlɔɡ]n.目录vt.编入目录Here is a catalog<ue>of all the booksin the library.cell[sel]n.细胞;单间牢房All animals and plants are made of cells.Lesson 14 characterize[ˈkæriktəraiz]vt.是…的特征;描述特性Emphasis on individual effort characterizesthe traditional communities.charity[ˈtʃæriti]n.慈善团体;施舍;宽容The Red Cross is an international charity.charm[tʃɑ:m]vt.迷住;使…受魔法保护n.魅力;符咒They have the skill and the charmto move the masses.cheat[tʃi:t]vt.欺骗vi.行骗n.骗子He was cheated out of his rightful inheritance.cigaret<te>[ˌsigəˈrets]n.香烟,卷烟In our city,the shops were not allowedto sell cigarettes to students.circular[ˈsə:kjulə]a.圆形的;绕圈的n.印刷信函Only a handful of the planets discoveredso far follow the nearly circular orbitof our solar system.clash[klæʃ]n.撞击<声>vi.冲突;不协调Multiculturalism can be a rewarding,enriching experience,but it can also lead to a clash of values.collision[kəˈliʒən]n.碰撞There has been a collisioninvolving a number of carson the main road to town.column[ˈkɔləm]n.柱;纵队;栏Tomorrow’s papers will havehalf a column on the event.comment[ˈkɔment]n./v.评论;批评Allowing an unimportant mistaketo pass without comment is a wonderful social grace.committee[kəˈmiti]n.委员会;委员He was criticized by the committeefor failing to report the accident.comparable[ˈkɔmpərəbl]a.比得上的;可比较的His poetry is hardly comparable with Shakespeare’s.comparison[kəmˈpærisən]n.比较;比喻To achieve better shopping experiences,customers are advised to shop aroundand make comparisons between stores.compel[kəmˈpel]vt.强迫The rain compelled us to stay indoors.compensate[ˈkɔmpenseit]v.补偿,弥补Nothing can compensate for the loss of time.component[kəmˈpəunənt]n.成分a.组成的Such fitness componentshave been related to performance in athletics.concede[kənˈsi:d]v.让步;允许;<不情愿地>承认Even exercise professionals concedehalf a point here.concerning[kənˈsə:niŋ]prep.关于Please inform me anythingconcerning this matter.condemn[kənˈdem]vt.谴责;宣判We need economic growthunless we condemn the world’s poorto their present povertyand freeze everyone else’s living standards.confess[kənˈfes]v.坦白;承认He confessed to cheating on the exam.confine[kənˈfain]vt.限制;禁闭n.界限Please confine your remarks to the issues at hand.conjunction[kənˈdʒʌŋkʃən]n.结合;连<接>词The conjunction of heavy rainsand high winds caused flooding.consensus[kənˈsensəs]n.一致同意The two parties have reached a consensus.consent[kənˈsent]vi./n.同意He was chosen as leader by common consent.considerate[kənˈsidərit]a.体贴的It’s very considerate of younot to talk aloud while the baby is asleep.considering[kənˈsɪdərɪŋ]prep.鉴于She’s very active,considering her age.constitute[ˈkɔnstitju:t]vt.组成They constituted the government in 1997.controversial[ˌkɔntrəˈvə:ʃəl]a.引起争论的Any research that suggeststhat abilities to perform certain behaviorsare based on biology is controversial.conviction[kənˈvikʃən]n.确信;说服;定罪The greatest happiness of lifeis the conviction that we are loved-loved for ourselves,or rather,loved in spite of ourselves.〔Hugo cooperate[kəuˈɔpəreit]vi.合作Young athletes can learnhow to cooperate with others.core[kɔ:]n.果心;核心He is English to the core.corps[kɔ:]n.特种部队;一组人His father served in the medical corps during World WarⅡ.correspond[ˌkɔrisˈpɔnd]vi.相类似;相符;通信The findings correspondwith the public library statistics published recently.counter[ˈkauntə]n.柜台;计算器;筹码vt.对抗ad.对立地The bank teller used a mechanicalcounter to count the pennies.cripple[ˈkripl]n.跛子vt.使跛;严重削弱The business has been crippled by losses.crucial[ˈkru:ʃəl]a.决定性的Telephones,especially mobile phones,have been playing a crucial partin our daily lives as our society develops.crush[krʌʃ]vt.压碎;镇压Several people were crushed to deathby the falling rocks.cube[kju:b]n.立方形;立方My mouth waters when I think ofkebabs,mutton cubes roasted on skewers,and roast squid.curb[kə:b]vt.控制n.<由条石砌成的>路缘You should learn to curb your feelings.curiosity[ˌkjuəriˈɔsiti]n.好奇心;奇物This recipe for longevityremained a scientific curiosity for many decades.curl[kə:l]n.鬈发;卷曲<物>v.变鬈;卷曲;缭绕I just wanted to curl up and go to sleep.curriculum[kəˈrikjuləm]n.全部课程What is being examined cannotbe divorced from regular school curriculums.dash[dæʃ]vi.猛冲vt.猛掷n.破折号He dashed off before Mariehad a chance to thank him.defect[diˈfekt]n.缺陷vi.背叛Every man has the defects of his own virtues.defence[diˈfens]n.防御;辩护;防务公事Angry owners have calledon the government to erect sea defencesto protect their homes.delegate[ˈdeliɡit]v.选举…为代表;授<权>n.代表Minor tasks should be delegated to your assistant.deliberate[diˈlibərit]v.思考a.故意的;从容不迫的Mr.Smith was the only witnesswho said that the fire was deliberate.democracy[diˈmɔkrəsi]n.民主政体;民主国家They believed stronglythat democracy depended on responsibility.density[ˈdensiti]n.密集;密度The population density isabout 500 people per square mile.depart[diˈpɑ:t]vi.离开;背离It certainly gives proof of a court attitudewhich departs from normal behavior.depict[diˈpikt]vt.描绘;描述The two movies are quite unlikethough they depict the same period in history.desirable[diˈzaiərəbl]a.值得向往的;可取的It’s a challenge-and the least desirable propertiesare usually the most fun.despair[disˈpɛə]n.绝望;使人绝望的人<或事物>vi.绝望He who has never hoped can never despair.destructive[disˈtrʌktiv]a.破坏<性>的Such a habit is destructive to the morals of youth.diagnose[ˈdaiəɡnəuz]vt.诊断He was wrongly diagnosed.dialect[ˈdaiəlekt]n.方言The most basic reasonwhy dialects should be preservedis that language helps to retain a culture.disabled[dɪsˈeɪbəld]a.残疾的Even as a child I observed peoplewho were poor or disabled or ill,but who nonetheless faced lifewith optimism and vigor.dispose[disˈpəuz]vt.排列;使倾向于vi.去掉;处理Finding ways to dispose ofthe increasingly large stream of e-waste is difficult.distinct[disˈtiŋkt]a.截然不同的;清楚的Here the two distinct theories converge.distress[disˈtres]n.忧虑;贫困;危难vt.使忧虑Occurrences of shortages and droughtsare causing famine and distress in some areas.dominant[ˈdɔminənt]a.占优势的;高耸的E-mail is now the dominant medium ofcommunication within a company.donation[dəuˈneiʃən]n.捐赠;捐款Any donation you can give willhelp us ease the sufferingand isolation of the homeless this New Year.dot[dɔt]n.点vt.打点于;散布于The sky was dotted with stars.drag[dræɡ]vt.拉;迫使Hillenbrand barely had enough physical energyto drag herself out of bed to write.dropout[ˈdrɔpˌaʊt]n.辍学者;遁世者The course is notoriously tough,with high failure rateand an even higher dropout rate.Lesson 15 effective[iˈfektiv]a.有效的Probably the most effective ways to stop people smoking are to raise taxes on cigarettes and ban advertising.efficiency[iˈfiʃənsi]n.效率The garbage sorting system is really aimed at increasing the efficiency of recycling and reducing secondary pollution.electrical[ɪˈlektrɪkl]a.用电的In high school I wanted to be an electrical engineer.emerge[iˈmə:dʒ]vi.出现;发生New problems emerge when old ones are solved.employee[ˌemplɔiˈi:]n.雇员The firms have gone to greater and greater length to hold on to their star employees,the ones who really produce the profits.employment[imˈplɔimənt]n.雇用;职业Growth of the tertiary industry will help ease the pressure on employment.engagement[inˈɡeidʒmənt]n.约会;订婚I have an engagement with him this afternoon.enlarge[inˈlɑ:dʒ]v.扩大;放大The photo is too small;please enlarge it for me.epidemic[ˌepiˈdemik]a.传染性的n.流行病;泛滥"Identity theft is an absolute epidemic,"states a respected author and advocate of privacy.equation[iˈkweiʃən]n.等式;相等The equation of wealth with happinesscan be dangerous.evil[ˈi:vəl]n.邪恶;祸害a.邪恶的Tobacco is considered to be an evil.evolve[iˈvɔlv]v.<使>进化The simple plan evolved into a complicated scheme.excess[ˈekses]n.超越;过量Drinking,even if not to excess,could be harmful.exclaim[iksˈkleim]v.呼喊She exclaimed in astonishment at the size of the bill.exclusive[iksˈklu:siv]a.高级的;独有的;不包括…的n.独家新闻This dining room is for the distinguished guests’exclusive use.export[eksˈpɔ:t]v.出口,输出n.出口商品E-waste is exported by developed countries to developing ones.extend[iksˈtend]vi.伸展;达到vt.提供Their average life span has been considerably extended.extraordinary[ɪkˈstrɔːdnri]a.不平常的The extraordinary experience gave birth to his latest novel.facilitate[fəˈsiliteit]vt.促进With the development of science and technology,the equipment of video meeting is making progress to facilitate communication.farewell[ˈfɛəˈwel]int.再会n.欢送会Mary cried when I bid her farewell.fascinate[ˈfæsineit]vt.迷住But selfishly,I’m more fascinated by Michelle Obama and what she might be able to do for me as an African-American woman.fax[fæks]n.传真机;传真通信The contract should be faxed to him today.fertile[ˈfə:tail]a.肥沃的;丰产的;丰富的He seems fertile of skills.fertilizer[ˈfə:tilaizə]n.肥料The application of fertilizer increases the size of plants.finance[faiˈnæns]n.财政,金融v.为…提供资金For example,nearly every newspaper has a business section,in which finances and management,stock prices and labor problems of corporations are reported daily.financial[faɪˈnænʃ<ə>l]a.财政的For some industrial scientists,however,the attractions of academia<学术界>outweigh any financial considerations.flash[flæʃ]n.闪耀;<思想等的>闪现A driver is not supposed to flash his lights at the coming vehicles.forecast[ˈfɔ:-kɑ:st]vt./n.预报I usually listen to the weather forecast,though I have little faith in it.forge[fɔ:dʒ]vt.锻造;伪造He was put into prison for forging money.formula[ˈfɔ:mjulə]n.公式;配方;方案This formula is used to calculate the area of a circle.forum[ˈfɔ:rəm]n.论坛I cannot attend this forum,but please keep me posted on future events.frank[fræŋk]a.坦白的To be frank with you,I like you,and should be glad to give you any help I can.frustrate[ˈfrʌstreit]vt.使灰心;挫败The lack of money and hands frustrated him.fulfil<l>[fulˈfil]vt.使满意;实现;执行Ingla Gandhi considered it a sacred duty to fulfill her dead father’s wishes.fundamental[ˌfʌndəˈmentəl]a.基本的n.基本原理There are fundamental differences between your religious beliefs and mine.furnish[ˈfə:niʃ]vt.在…内布置家具;提供The online shop on Taobao.com furnishes everything that is needed for camping.gasoline[ˈɡæsəli:n]n.汽油We are almost out of gasoline.gear[ɡiə]n.齿轮;用具,设备vt.使适应The company’s gearing up for the big sales drive.genetic[dʒiˈnetik]a.遗传<学>的n.遗传学The study of how genes and environment interact to influence psychological activity is known as behavioral genetics.geometry[dʒiˈɔmitri]n.几何<学>I feel that geometry is a difficult subject.given[ˈɡivən]a.规定的;习惯于prep.考虑到Given their inexperience,they have done a good job.govern[ˈɡʌvən]vt.统治;支配Don’t be governed by the opinions of others’.gradual[ˈɡrædjuəl]a.逐渐的;坡度平缓的A child’s growth into an adult is gradual.grasp[ɡrɑ:sp]vt./n.抓紧;理解The solutions to all of life problems lie within your grasp.All you need to do is to ask,look,listen and trust yourself.grateful[ˈɡreitful]a.感激的The survivors were greatly grateful to the soldiers for their assistance.guilty[ˈɡilti]a.内疚的;有罪的Having been found guilty,the man was given a severe sentence by the judge.halt[hɔ:lt]v.<使>停住n.停住Work was brought to a halt when the machine broke down.heap[hi:p]n.堆;大量vt.使成堆I would rather have the affectionate<深情的>regard of my fellow men than I would have heaps and mines of gold.hesitate[ˈheziteit]vi.犹豫;不情愿And ever since,I have never hesitated to head for even the most remote of places.horizon[həˈraɪzn]n.地平线;眼界Travel broadens our horizons.host[həust]n.主人;节目主持人v.主持The awards ceremony will be hosted by Sir David Frost.hostile[ˈhɔstail]a.敌对的;敌方的I have no time to tell you the whole story;in a word,they become hostile to each other.household[ˈhaushəuld]n.家庭a.家庭的;家喻户晓的Most households now own at least one car.humble[ˈhʌmbl]a.谦虚的;卑贱的;简陋的vt.贬低He had to humble himself in the presence of the prince.idle[ˈaidl]a.空闲的;懒散的;无用的vi.懒散vt.虚度If one idles away his time,youth will fade away and life will run out on him.〔Hugo ignorant[ˈiɡnərənt]a.不知道的;无知的He is ignorant of what happened.immigrant[ˈimiɡrənt]n.移民Many immigrants in Salt Lake City were angered by the arrests.imply[imˈplai]vt.暗示His manner of speaking implied that he was unwilling to accept the agreement.incline[inˈklain]v.<使>倾斜;<使>倾向于n.斜坡People who don’t have breakfast are more inclined to gain weight.independent[ˌɪndiˈpendənt]a.独立的;公正的;不相关的As university life unfolds itself gradually,the students embark on a journey of seeking their own identity and learning how to be independent.indifferent[inˈdifrənt]a.冷漠的;一般的She seemed indifferent to the confession of his love,but deep down she was very pleased.indirect[ˌɪndiˈrekt]a.间接的;婉转的Both played an important,although indirect role in lowering the birth rate.induce[inˈdju:s]vt.引起;引诱vt.感应Her illness was induced by overwork.inferior[inˈfiəriə]a.下级的;劣等的n.下级This machine is technically inferior to western models.infinite[ˈinfinit]a.无限的A teacher must be capable of infinite patience.instance[ˈinstəns]n.例子Some kinds of fire can’t be put out with water,for instance,fires of flaming oil.intellectual[ˌɪntiˈlektjuəl]n.知识分子a.智力的He was an intellectual who understood Hebrew but could not look up a train timetable correctly.intensive[inˈtensiv]a.集中的;十分细致的;集约的He was fit for the job after two weeks of intensive training.interact[ˌɪntərˈækt]vi.相互作用Mothers and babies interact in a very complex way.interpret[inˈtə:prit]vt.解释;口译;理解At a lower level of comprehension,readers tend to interpret a text in their own way.inward[ˈinwəd]a.里面的;内心的ad.[-<s>]向内Musical rhythm and harmony can find their way into the inward places of the soul.Lesson 16 joint[dʒɔint]n.接头;关节a.共同的The time is out of joint.justice[ˈdʒʌstis]n.正当;司法Obviously the justices did not share their personal preferences.kit[kit]n.成套工具;配套元件vt.装备They kitted themselves out to catch changes in the economic wind.lap[læp]n.膝上;一圈;一段v.舔食;拍打The silly boy lapped up all their praise.latter[ˈlætə]a.后者的;后期的n.后者My impression is that the latter version is much better.layer[ˈleiə]n.层Life is like an onion:You peel it off one layer at a time,and sometimes you weep.layout[ˈleiaut]n.布局The magazine’s new page layout is wonderful.leak[li:k]v.<使>漏;泄露n.漏洞;泄漏;走漏Her misery was compounded by the discovery of a leak in the roof.lightning[ˈlaitniŋ]n.闪电They raided the enemy positions with lightning speed.likewise[ˈlaikwaiz]ad.同样地;也Watch him and do likewise.limp[limp]vi.蹒跚n.跛行a.软弱的;软的The cripple who is lame in the left leg is limping on the way home.loose[lu:s]a.宽松的;不精确的;自由的A screw has come loose.loyal[ˈlɔiəl]a.忠诚的To get promoted,one must not only be competent but honest and loyal to his company.manipulate[məˈnipjuleit]vt.操纵;操作For consumers,H.P.has developed software that can manipulate Web content into a more printable format.manual[ˈmænjuəl]a.手工做的n.手册Office work can be more tiring than manual work.mask[mɑ:sk]n.面具vt.用面具遮住;掩饰He collected money under a mask of charity.massive[ˈmæsiv]a.大的;巨大的From inside they hear a massive and hysterical scream of the friends letting out their true feelings.mechanic[miˈkænik]n.技工His friend is a mechanic who buys and sells cars on the side.mechanism[ˈmekənizəm]n.机械装置;方法;机制The mechanism of the United Nations is very complicated.medium[ˈmi:djəm]a.中等的n.媒介物;新闻媒介After television,the medium attracting the next largest annual ad revenue is newspapers.merit[ˈmerit]n.长处;功绩vt.值得He obtained his position more by favour than by merit or ability.mess[mes]n.凌乱状态;困境vt.搞乱Tom is very untidy;he always leaves his room in a mess.mill[mil]n.磨坊;制造厂vt.磨,碾They really put me through the mill in my interview.missile[ˈmisail]n.导弹;发射物Within two days,the army fired more than two hundred rockets and missiles to military targets in the coastal city.mission[ˈmiʃən]n.使命;代表团He was sent to London on a diplomatic mission.mobile[ˈməubail]a.活动的;流动的n.移动电话Mobile telecommunications capacity is expected to double in Shanghai this year as a result of a contract signed between the two companies.mode[məud]n.方式Short skirts are the mode in her school.moderate[ˈmɔdərit]a.适度的;温和的n.持温和观点者v.<使>缓和The hotel is moderate in its charges.molecule[ˈmɔlikju:l]n.分子An oxygen gas molecule consists of two oxygen atoms.moral[ˈmɔ:rəl]a.有道德的n.寓意;道德The trouble with the global warming debate is that it has become a moral problem when it’s really an engineering one.moreover[mɔ:ˈrəuvə]ad.而且The price is too high,and moreover,the house isn’t in a suitable position.motivate[ˈməutiveit]vt.作为…的动机;激励Preschool teachers need to be able to earn children’s trust as well as motivate them and meet their emotional needs.mutual[ˈmju:tʃuəl]a.相互的Equality and mutual benefit is one of China’s five principles of peaceful co-existence in foreign policy.naked[ˈneikid]a.赤身的;赤裸裸的The trees were left naked of leaves.nourish[ˈnʌriʃ]v.养育;鼓励No matter how bad things are,we should always nourish a hope in our mind.nursery[ˈnə:səri]n.托儿所;苗圃The nursery teacher made the children sit bolt upright.obstacle[ˈɔbstəkl]n.障碍<物>Materialism and individualism in American society are the biggest obstacles.obtain[əbˈtein]vt.获得,得到vi.通用,流行,存在Through my uncle’s influence I obtained a good appointment at the Foreign Office.occasional[əˈkeiʒənəl]a.偶然的He pays me occasional visits.occupy[ˈɔkjupai]vt.占领My elder sister occupies an important position in the Ministry of Environment.occurrence[əˈkʌrəns]n.发生的事情;出现Climbing these hills can be dangerous due to the frequent occurrence of sudden snowstorms.odds[ɔdz]n.可能性机会;逆境He passed the exam against all odds.offense/-nce[əˈfens]n.犯罪;冒犯Offense is the best defense.opportunity[ˌɔpəˈtju:niti]n.机会Opportunity knocks at the door only once.optimistic[ˌɒptɪˈmɪstɪk]a.乐观<主义>的A gentleman is open-minded and optimistic;a small person is narrow-minded and pessimistic.output[ˈautput]n./vt.输出The output of many farm products of this country is on the list of tops in the world.overcome[ˌəuvəˈkʌm]v.克服;熏倒She finally overcame her fear of the dark.overnight[ˌəuvəˈnait]ad.在晚上;在短时间内a.一整夜的;突然的Our success is not won overnight.particle[ˈpɑ:tikl]n.微粒;小品词Light pollution is made worse with air pollution,as the small particles that float in the air serve to scatter and reflect the light,compounding the problem.pat[pæt]v./n.轻拍He patted his trousers pocket to see if his keys were there.penalty[ˈpenəlti]n.处罚Some people argue that the death penalty does not necessarily reduce the number of murders.penetrate[ˈpenitreit]v.穿过;看透;洞察Western ideas penetrate slowly into the East.perception[pəˈsepʃən]n.感知<能力>;认识He is a man of keen perception.persist[pəˈsist]v.顽强地坚持;维持Any man can make mistakes,but only an idiot persists in his error.〔Cicero philosophy[fiˈlɔsəfi]n.哲学;哲学体系To be a real philosopher,one must be able to laugh at philosophy.〔Pascal pierce[piəs]v.刺穿;穿孔<于>You pierced his ears?How could you do this without telling me?pledge[pledʒ]n.保证vt.保证He made a pledge to finish it by the end of the week.polish[ˈpɔliʃ]n.擦光剂vt.磨光;修改If you would please help me,we could soon polish off this work.poll[pəul]n.民意测验;政治选举vt.对…进行民意测验The result of the poll won’t be known until midnight.pop[pɔp]n.流行音乐n.砰的一声vi.突然出现The children are always popping in and out.poster[ˈpəustə]n.招贴<画>There also will be advertisement posters on the road side.postpone[ˌpəustˈpəun]vt.推They will postpone their program if it rains.precaution[priˈkɔ:ʃən]n.预防It was the first time that such a precaution had to be taken at a British nuclear power station.preface[ˈprefis]n.序言;开端Does your history book have a preface?pregnant[ˈpreɡnənt]a.怀孕的The satiric play is pregnant with meaning.prejudice[ˈpredʒudis]n.偏见vt.使有偏见;损害The hatred generated by racial prejudice is the source of the war.prescribe[priˈskraib]v.开<处方>;规定Here is a list of books prescribed by Prof.Smith for the exam.pretend[priˈtend]v.假装She pretended that she was not at home when we rang the bell.primary[ˈpraiməri]a.最初的;首要的Matter is primary and consciousness is secondary.principal[ˈprinsəpəl]a.最重要的n.资本The principal problem is to unite all the members and go on with our cause.probe[prəub]v.探索;探测n.探索;探针They offer a new way to probe how the brain generates and understands language.proceed[prəˈsi:d]vi.前进;继续进行]The talks proceeded in a friendly atmosphere.Lesson 17 professional[prəˈfeʃənəl]a.职业的;娴熟的n.专业人员;职业运动员Professional singers and players have great responsibilities,for the composer is utterly dependent on them.promising[ˈprɔmisiŋ]a.有希望的He was voted the most promising newcomer for his part in the movie.property[ˈprɔpəti]n.财产;性质Leave virtue and kindness to your children instead of property—only this can bring happiness to them.This is my experience.〔Beethoven propose[prəˈpəuz]v.提议;提名;打算;求婚I propose we should have another meeting.protest[ˈprəutest]v.坚决主张n.抗议These small local protests are just the tip of the iceberg.provided[prəˈvaidid]conj.只要We should be able to do the job for you quickly,provided that you give us all the necessary information.provision[prəˈviʒən]n.供应;给养;条款The government is responsible for the provision of medical services.publication[ˌpʌbliˈkeiʃən]n.出版;出版物;公布A few mistakes in the printing weren’t noticed before publication.publicity[pʌbˈlisiti]n.宣传;媒体的关注We have planned an exciting publicity campaign with our advertisers.punctual[ˈpʌŋktʃuəl]a.准时的They should make sure their children are always punctual for school.raid[reid]vt./n.袭击;突然查抄;劫掠Do you mind if I raid your fridge?ratio[ˈreiʃiəu]n.比率The ratio of nursing staff to doctors is 2∶1.rational[ˈræʃənl]a.理性的;合理的It’s usually the case that people seldom behave in a rational way when in a furious state.raw[rɔ:]a.未煮过的;自然状态的;生疏无知的Now you have raw materials that you can begin to work with.rebel[ˈrebəl]v.反叛n.反叛分子Rebels were already plotting to overthrow the government.receipt[riˈsi:t]n.收据;收到;收入Goods will be delivered on receipt of payment.recession[riˈseʃən]n.衰退We should concentrate on sharply reducing interest rates to pull the economy out of recession.reckon[ˈrekən]vt.认为;指望;测算If there’s anything I can do,reckon on me.recognition[ˌrekəɡˈniʃən]n.认出;赏识The town has altered out of all recognitionsince I was last here.refer[riˈfə:]v.<引…去>参考;提交<…仲裁>When I said some people were stupid,I wasn’t referring to you.reform[riˈfɔ:m]v./n.改革Slow-growing countries should be looking for structural reformsthat can reduce their labour costs,enhance enterprise,stimulate competition and regain competitiveness.refugee[ˌrefjuˈdʒi:]n.难民But with the arrival of spring,the refugees will be moved again.replacement[riˈpleismənt]n.替换;替代的人<或物>We need a replacement for the worn-out parts.resemble[riˈzembl]vt.像,类似于It is said that pets are going to resemble their owners in appearance.resign[rɪˈzaɪn]v.辞<职>;顺从Ten days ago the young maninformed his boss of his intention to resign.restrain[risˈtrein]vt.抑制;阻止Please restrain yourself from smoking and spitting in public places,since the law forbids them.ridge[ridʒ]n.脊;垄We walked along the mountain ridge.rival[ˈraivəl,ˈraɪvl]n.竞争对手vt.与…相匹敌a.竞争的Although the two players are rivals in the tennis court,they are really good friends in private.roar[rɔ:]vi.吼叫;呼啸而行vt.大声喊出n.呐喊声;轰鸣The roar of airplane engines announced a coming air raid.rub[rʌb]v.擦,摩擦He rubbed the ointment on his arm.rural[ˈruərəl]a.农村的The plight of left-behind children in rural China has drawn many people’s attention.sacrifice[ˈsækrifais]vt./n.献祭;牺牲He should be prepared to make sacrifices to study his chosen field in depth.saddle[ˈsædl]n.<马>鞍,鞍状物vt.给…装鞍;使承担任务He’s been in the saddle for 20 years now,and it’s time he retired.sake[seik]n.缘故For the sake of earning more money,he left home and went to Australia.saving[ˈseiviŋ]n.储蓄;储蓄金Spend too little,hoarding<积蓄>savings,and the danger is you’ll die with plenty of money and a long list of regrets.scarce[skɛəs]a.缺乏的;稀少的Food and fuel were scarce in this region.scarcely[ˈskɛəsli]ad.几乎不;刚一…就Scarcely had I opened the door when the dog came running in.seal[si:l]n.封条;印记vt.<密>封n.海豹The police sealed off the street.segment[ˈseɡmənt]n.部分;瓣;弓形First,narrowcasting means that television channels are seen by an increasingly narrow segment of the audience.session[ˈseʃən]n.会议;一段时间The court is now in session.shed[ʃed,ʃɛd]n.棚屋vt.脱落;流出;发出If you shed tears when you miss the sun,you will also miss the stars.sheer[ʃiə]a.完全的;极薄的;陡峭的vi.急转向ad.垂直地Enthusiasts are just for entertainment,thrills,prizes,or for sheer joy.shove[ʃʌv]n.猛推vt.乱推;乱塞vi.用力推,挤When push comes to shove,only your true friends will still stand by you.sideways[ˈsaidweiz]ad./a.从一边<的>;斜着<的>She was so fat that she could only get through sideways.sightseeing[ˈsaitˌsi:ɪŋ]n.观光Fifty years ago,wealthy people liked hunting wild animals for fun more than going sightseeing.signature[ˈsiɡnitʃə]n.签名The contract requires the signatures of both yourself and your employer.significance[siɡˈnifikəns]n.意义,含义The new discovery of oil is of great significance to the country’s economy.simplicity[simˈplisiti]n.简单For hosts and guests,the change means greater simplicity and comfort.simplify[ˈsimplifai]vt.简化Try to simplify your explanation for the children so that they can understand.skeleton[ˈskelitn]n.骨骼;骨架;梗概I’ve written the skeleton of my report,but I have to fill in the details.skilled[skild]a.熟练的;需要专门技术的The basic issue is that adults who are responsible for issuing licenses fail to recognize how complex and skilled a task driving is.slide[slaid]v.<使>滑动;<使>快捷而悄声地移动n.滑道;滑<动>;幻灯片While experts were studying the problem,the hotel and several houses disappeared altogether,sliding down the cliff and into the sea.smash[smæʃ]vt.粉碎;猛击;使破灭vi.碎裂;猛撞n.破碎<声>;轰动的演出A window in the kitchen was smashed;there was rubbish everywhere,and the curtains and carpets had been stolen.solar[ˈsəulə]a.太阳的They will harness solar energy to heat homes.sore[sɔ:]a.疼痛的;恼火的;极度的n.痛处She had a sore throat.spite[spait]n.恶意There is an unconscious heeling process within the mind which mends up in spite of our desperate determination never to forget.〔Colleen McCullough split[split]vi.被撕裂;断绝关系vt.劈开;使分裂;分担n.裂口If you get any fatter,you’ll split your pants.sponsor[ˈspɔnsə]n.主办者;赞助者vt.发起;资助;提交The live broadcast of the basketball game was sponsored by a sportswear company.spray[sprei]n.浪花;喷雾v.喷He sprayed water on the flowers in the morning.stack[stæk]n.整齐的一叠vt.把…叠成堆The room was stacked with old books and magazines.stale[steil]a.陈腐的;不新鲜的Running water is never stale,and an active mind is always sound.〔Da Vinci stem[stem]n.茎;词干vi.起源于vt.堵住The present wave strikes stems from discontent among the lower-paid.stick[stik]v.刺;粘贴n.棍,棒You will certainly succeed if you stick at your work.stream[stri:m]n.小河;一股vi.流<出>Genius is formed in quiet,character in the stream of life.〔Goethe striking[ˈstraikiŋ]a.惹人注目的;显著的She was a girl of striking beauty.Lesson 18 subsequent[ˈsʌbsikwənt]a.随后的In subsequent presentations,Pania gained reputation as a highly effective speaker.substitute[ˈsʌbstitju:t]v.代替n.代替品Doctors warned against chewing tobaccoas a substitute for smoking.suburb[ˈsʌbə:b]n.市郊The suburbs are an expansion of cities.suicide[ˈsjuisaid]n.自杀;自取灭亡If the telephone rings at 3 in the morning,he knows it’s trouble—someone is threatening to commit suicide.supreme[sju:ˈpri:m]a.最高的;最重要的A newspaper reports that the Supreme Courthas delivered its opinion in a controversial case.surrender[səˈrendə]vt.交出vi.投降;屈服n.放弃The government surrendered to the pressure of big businessand lowered interest rates.swallow[ˈswɔləu]vt.吞;轻信;承受vi.咽一下口水n.吞;燕子She swallowed her displeasure and smiled.surround[səˈraund]vt.包围;环绕The house is surrounded by trees.swear[swɛə]v.发誓;咒骂The new governor was sworn in.sweep[swi:p]v.扫;<风>吹;<使>快速移动n.打扫;挥动A new broom sweeps clean.swell[swel]vi.肿胀;增强n.波浪起伏;鼓起;增强It was unclear why the vessel sank in light windsand a relatively mild one-meter swell.swing[swiŋ]v.<使>摇摆;<使>转动;<使>突然转向n.摇荡;秋千By the time we arrived,the party was already in full swing.tear[tiə]n.眼泪vt.撕,撕裂;夺走,离开vi.撕,被撕破She tore up all the letters he had sent her.temptation[tempˈteiʃən]n.诱惑Unable to resist the temptation,many children turn their attentionfrom printed texts to the less challenging,more vivid moving pictures.tend[tend]v.照料,看护,倾向,趋于When people look alike,they tend to think,speak,and act similarly,on the job at least.tension[ˈtenʃən]n.紧张;张力;拉紧It’s a good way of releasing your stress and tensionwhen you listen to a piece of Mozart or Bachafter a hard day at work.term[tə:m]n.学期;条款;关系Excessive Internet use should be defined notby the number of hours spent onlinebut"in terms of losses,"said Maressa Orzack,a Harvard University professor.terminal[ˈtə:minəl]a.学期的a.终点的;晚期的n.终点;终端;接线端In order to get a seat,the old man would rather go to the terminal on footfor ten minutes.territory[ˈteritəri]n.领土;领域Women’s education may be unusual territoryfor economists.therapy[ˈθerəpi]n.治疗The doctor prescribed walking as therapyfor my weak knee.thereby[ˈðɛəbai]ad.因此He became a citizen,thereby gaining the right to vote.thirst[θə:st]n.干渴;渴望vi.渴望A little stream will quench<用水扑灭>a great thirst.tick[tik]n.滴答声vi.发出滴答声n.记号vt.给…标记号The clock ticked away the time.tolerate[ˈtɔləreit]vt.容忍;容许Some old people don’t like pop songsbecause they can’t tolerate so much noise.tone[təun]n.腔调;色调;气氛You’d better tone down some of the opinions in your article.trail[treil]n.小径;痕迹vt.跟踪vi.拖;失败She trailed along behind her parents.trait[treit]n.特征Anne’s generosity is one of her most pleasing traits.transaction[trænˈzækʃən]n.交易The term e-ecommercerefers to all commercial transactionsconducted over the Internet,including transactionsby consumersand business-to-business transactions.trap[træp]n.陷阱;诡计;困境vt.设陷阱捕捉;使陷于困境The police have laid a trap for him.tremendous[triˈmendəs]a.巨大的;精彩的Thank you for traveling this unpredictable road with meand loving me despite the tremendous costs.trick[trik]n.诡计;窍门Relationships with family,friends,neighbors,even pets,will all do the trick〔to prolong life.tune[tju:n]n.曲调vt.为<乐器>调音;调整Listen to music you’d ordinarily tune out.undergraduate[ˌʌndəˈɡrædjuit]n.本科生A few years ago,sociology is the most popular subject for undergraduate.underground[ˈʌndəɡraund]n.地铁;地下组织a./ad.地<面>下<的>;秘密<的>I used to go to work by undergroundwhen I was in London.underline[ˌʌndəˈlain]vt.在…下面画线;强调We underline that climate changeis one of the greatest challenges of our time.underneath[ˌʌndəˈni:θ]prep./ad.在…下面n.底部Put the date underneath the address.vacant[ˈveikənt]a.空缺的;空虚的;茫然的The top post in the delegation was still vacant.vain[vein]a.徒劳的;自负的The thief tried to open the locked door but in vain.valid[ˈvælid]a.有效<力>的；强壮的Each of these philosophies is valid and,it has to be said,my son loves visiting his aunt’s house.venture[ˈventʃə,ˈventʃə<r>]vi.冒险vt.敢于Nothing venture,nothing have.virtually[ˈvə:tʃuəli]ad.实际上This opinion was held by virtually all the experts.visa[ˈviːzə]n.签证He applied for a visafor the United States last week.visible[ˈvizəbl]a.看得见的Instead of a physical catalog,e-ecommerce arranges for catalogsto be visible on the Internet.vote[vəut]v.投票n.选票Twenty-two voted for and fourteen voted against.ward[wɔ:d]n.病房;受监护人He managed to ward off the blow.welfare[ˈwelfɛə]n.福利;福利救济He became a rescuer,one of those peoplewho are more concerned with other people’s welfare than their own.worthy[ˈwə:ði]a.有价值的The hero lives a life worthy of imitation.wound[wund]n.创伤vt.使受伤He died after receiving two bullet woundsin the head.yawn[jɔ:n]vi.打呵欠n.呵欠Lecture which lasted about three hourswas so tediousthat the audience couldn’t help yawning.zone[zəun]n.地区The US and Canada are zoned for postal delivery.
