Unit5Couldyoupleasetellmewheretherestroomsare学案1鲁教版九年级.doc

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Unit 5 Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?一.[话题](Topic)How we have changed二.[重点词组](Key Phrases)1.buy shampoo买洗发香波2.get some magazines买杂志3.make a telephone call打电话4.get a dictionary买字典5.get some information about the town打听城镇的信息6.buy some stamps买邮票7.save money存钱8.on River Road在大河路9.take the elevator to乘扶梯去……10.turn left/right onto Oak Street向左转/向右转到橡树街11.go past路过，经过12.between…and…在两者之间13.next to紧挨着在……旁边14.go out the front door走出前门15.take a right walk about three blocks正好走三个街区16.exchange money兑换钱17.on the second floor在二楼18.prefer doing sth乐意做某事19.hang out with sb与某人闲逛20.take a vacation度假21.water slides滑水道22.rock band摇滚乐队23.dress up as clowns装扮成小丑24.both…and…二者都25.have fun过得愉快26.take dance lessons上舞蹈课三.[交际用语]1.Do you know where I can get a dictionary?你知道我在哪里能买到字典？2.Could you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我邮局怎么走吗？3.Can you please tell me where I can get some magazines?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到一些杂志？4.Could you please tell me if there are many good museums?你能告诉我这里有没有好的博物馆？5.Yes.There’s a fascinating science museum.有，有一家迷人的科技馆。6.The museum is really interesting.那所博物馆真的很有趣。7.Turn left/right.Take the escalator to the second floor.向左转/向右转。乘扶梯上二楼。8.The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore.药店在家具店和书店之间。9.The bank is next to the bookstore.银行在书店旁边。10.Go past the bank.走过银行。四.[重点难点释义](Language Points)1．Could you please tell me where the restrooms are?请你告诉我厕所在哪儿好吗？Could you…？是个句型，could在此不是过去形式，它此时表示语气婉转、有礼貌。在希望得到肯定答复的疑问句中，以及在含有表示建议、请求和征求意见语气的疑问句中，常用some和something，而不用any和anything。【例】（1）Could you lend me your motorbike,please?请把你的摩托车借给我好吗？（2）Could you tell me something about yourself．请谈谈你自己好吗？（3）Would you like to have some apples?你们要吃苹果吗？（4）What about saying something about your school?说说你学校的情况好吗？（5）Will you please give the poor boy something to eat?请给那可怜的孩子一点吃的东西好吗？2．Can you please tell me where I can get a dictionary?请你告诉我在哪儿能买到字典好吗？Can you please tell…，是个句型，它后面可跟宾语从句，也可跟不定式结构。can可换成could,would,will。【例】（1）Could you please tell me where we show our tickets?请告诉我我们在哪儿验票好吗？（2）Would you tell me how much it costs to fly to Canada?你能告诉我乘飞机去加拿大要多少钱吗？（3）Will you tell me when we will have a meeting?请告诉我我们什么时候开会好吗？（4）Can you tell me who the old man is?你能告诉我那位老人是谁吗？（5）Could you tell me how to get to the post office?你能告诉我到邮局怎么走吗？（6）Can you tell me what to do next?你能告诉我下一步怎么做吗？3．Take the elevator to the second floor．(2a)乘电梯上二楼。take在此表示“搭、乘”的意思。【例】（1）He told me to take an express．他叫我搭乘特别快车。（2）She takes a bus to work every day．她每天乘公共汽车上班。（3）在美国和英国，对楼层的说法是不同的，请对比：美国：on the first floor在一楼on the second floor在二楼on the third floor在三楼英国：on the ground floor在一楼on the first floor在二楼on the second floor在三楼4.The drugstore is between the furniture store and the bookstore．(1)between prep.“在……两者之间”，常与and连用。例如：Do you know the difference between the two verbs“bring”and“take”?你知道bring和take这两个动词的区别吗?(2)among prep．“在……当中”，指三者或三者以上之间。例如：They saw a village among the hills．他们看到群山中有个村庄。5.Do you know where I can exchange money？你知道我在哪可以换钱吗？exchange money指的是两种不同的币种间的交换。如：exchange Pounds for Dollars用英磅换美元exchange作为n是外币兑换本金之意。6.The bank is next to the bookstore．银行在书店的隔壁。next to是“贴近，隔壁”的意思。【例】（1）The house standing next to ours is a cinema．我们隔壁的那幢房子是一家电影院。（2）Who is crying in the room next to mine?谁在我隔壁房间里哭？7.We decided to talk to some students about why they go there.3a我们决定和一些同学谈论一下他们为何去那。decide to do sth.意为决定做某事。例：I have decided to sell my house.我已决定卖掉房子。此外有此意义的词组还有：（1）make one’s decision to do sth.decision n.决定（2）make up one’s mind to do sth.（3）set one’s mind to do sth.如：He made his decision to go to the USA.他决定去美国了。He needs someone to make up his mind for him.他需要别人替他做决定。8.I go to the mall because my friend hang out there.我去的原因是我的朋友经常在那闲逛。hang out意为闲逛，此外hang about/around亦有此意。如：Men hanging about at street corner,waiting for the pubs to open.闲逛在街道拐角上等着酒店开门的人们。Hang vt.vi悬挂pt.pp hung绞死pt.pp hanged同学们应该注意此词在不同意思时，过去式与过去分词的不同形式。例：（1）She hung the washing out in the garden.她把洗好的衣服晾在花园里。（2）He was hanged for murder.他因杀人而被绞死。9．I prefer being outside．3a prefer vt．“较喜欢”宁愿”，其后可接名词、-ing形式及动词不定式，还可用在“prefer…to…”结构中，表示“喜欢……而不喜欢……”。例如：Do you prefer coffee or tea?你喜欢咖啡还是茶?I prefer walking after supper．我喜欢晚饭后散步。He prefers to wait until evening．他宁愿等到天黑。I prefer doing to talking．我喜欢做不喜欢说。10．There’s always something happening．(3a)总会有事发生。happening是现在分词作定语，当然过去分词也可作定语。【例】（1）We can see the rising sun．我们可以看到东升的旭日。（2）He is a retired worker．他是位退休工人。（3）There was a girl sitting there．有个女孩坐在那里。（4）This is the question given．这是所给的问题。（5）There is nothing interesting．没有有趣的东西。11.It’s also just fun to watch people.（1）fun娱乐、快乐为不可数名词，上句意为观看人就是很有趣的。（2）for/in fun意为开玩笑地、非认真地。例：He said it only for fun.他只是说着玩的。（3）make fun of取笑“It’s+名词／形容词+to do sth．”结构，其中“作形式主语，动词不定式作真正的主语。例如：It is a great pleasure to talk with him。和他谈话是一件非常愉快的事。It is necessary for us to have some exercise every day．我们每天需要一些运动。12.When I go into stores I always spend too much money.当我走进商店，我总会花掉很多的钱。（1）spend意为花钱，用钱spend money on sth.例：She spends too much money on clothes.她花在服装上的钱太多。（2）spend意为“用尽，耗尽”spend sth.on sth./in doing sth.例：They always spend a lot of time（in）explaining a plan/on a projector.他们总会花费很多的时间来说明一项计划/于一项计划。13.It’s kind of small.它有点小。kind of有点，相当。例：I’m feeling kind of tired我感到有点累。14.Go past the park.走过公园。（1）past此处为介词，意为“越过”。例：男孩们从我们身旁越过。（2）past还可以作为副词用，意为“经过”。例：Days went past without any news.日子过去了，一点消息也没有。（3）past还可以作为名词来用，the past以前，过去的事，往事In the past he has been a milkman and now he’s a farmer.从前他曾经是送牛奶工人，现在他是个农场主。15.Watertown is a great place for the family to take a vacation.对一个家庭来说，水乡（城）是一个度假的好地方。（1）someplace+is+…for sb.to do sth.是大家常用的一个固定句型。如：Library is a quiet place for students to read books.（2）vacation是假期，休假之意，有短语on vacation例：They are in Florida on vacation.他们正在佛罗里达度假。16.A different rock band plays at Uncle Bob’s every night.3a每天晚上在鲍勃叔叔的餐馆里总有一支不同的摇滚乐队演奏。Uncle Bob’s中’s属格后的名词省略掉了。因为’s属格后的名词如指商店、家宅等地点时，该名词常省略。如：at the doctor’s在诊所to my uncle’s到我叔叔家Johnson’s=Johnson’s Shop约翰逊商店17.They have organized games and the staff dress up as clowns.他们组织了游戏，并且员工化装为小丑。（1）staff为一个机构的全体工作人员。例：The school’s staff is/are excellent.这个学校的教职员是很优秀的。（2）dress up通常指小孩穿别人衣服闹着玩，装扮to dress up as an astronaut装扮成宇航员另外，还有穿上礼服，穿上盛装之意。例：Don’t bother to dress up for the party.不必为这次聚会穿礼服。（3）dress in和be dressed in用来形容某人的外表。She always dresses in black.她总是穿黑衣服。I’ll be dressed in a red coat.我将会穿件红色的大衣。wear“穿着（衣服）”亦表示一种状态She always wears black.put on则指穿衣这个动作。例：She put on a woolly scarf before she went out.她出门前带上了毛围巾。18．…．where the food is both delicious and cheap．(3a)食品既好吃又便宜。both…and…是并列连词，当它连接两个主语时，谓语要用复数。【例】（1）Both my father and mother like singing．我父母都喜欢唱歌。（2）A man should have both courage and perseverance．一个人既应有勇气也要有毅力。（3）We must pay attention both to English and to other subjects．19.Is that a good place to hang out？那是一个闲逛的好地方吗？to hang out是不定式作后置定语修饰a good place这个名词短语。又如：（1）She has nothing to say.她无话可说。to say是不定式作后置定语修饰nothing.（2）They have little food to eat.to eat是不定式作后置定语修饰little food.20.While the children have fun,parents can take dance lessons on the beach.当孩子们嬉闹的时候，父母可以在海滩上进行舞蹈课。（1）while连词，当……的时候，和……同时。如：They arrived while we were having dinner.他们来的时候我们正在吃晚饭。（2）while后面所引导的动词，往往是可持续的。when当……时，持续或非持续性动词都可跟在when后面。I jumped up when she called.她打电话来时，我吓了一跳。as正当……的时候，随着，强调同时发生。如：He saw her as he was getting off the bus.正当他下公共汽车时，他看见了她。（3）take从事，进行。如：I’m going to take a walk/a bath/a break.我要去散散步/洗个澡/歇一会儿。21．I live right next to a supermarket．(self-check)我就住在超市的隔壁。right在此起到强调的作用，它是副词，含义很多，如：“对，顺利，直接地，正好，完全，非常”等。【例】（1）You have guessed right．你猜对了。（2）Everything will go right with you if you follow the doctor’s advice．如果你照医生的建议去做，一切都会好的。（3）The wind was right in the face．风迎面吹来。（4）They placed the table right in the middle of the room．他们把桌子放在房间正中。（5）He has read right through the book．他把这本书全部读完了。（6）I am right glad to hear the news．听到这个消息我非常高兴。22．I’ve been collecting them for many years．多年来我一直在收集他们（邮票）。本句是个现在完成进行时的句子，表示现在以前这一段时间里一直在进行的动作，这动作可能仍然在进行，也可能停止了一会儿。【例】（1）How long has it been raining?雨下多久了？（2）We’ve just been talking about you．我们正谈着你呢。（3）What book have you been reading these days?这几天你在看什么书？（4）I’ve been hoping I’d have chance to see the film．我一直盼望有机会看这部电影。23．What kind of food are you looking for?你在找哪种食品？look for是个短语，强调“寻找”这一动作，而find则强调找的结果，表示“找到”；类似的词语还有hear和listen to。【例】（1）The young lady is looking for her pet dog．那位年轻的女士在找她的宠物狗。（2）He has found his lost bike．他已找到丢失的自行车了。（3）They are listening to a piece of beautiful music．他们正听一曲优美的曲子。（4）He heard their whisper．他听见他们在低声说话。五.语法知识1.宾语从句的概念宾语是句子的重要成分之一，在多数情况下，是由名词性的词类充当的。如果宾语部分是由一个句子充当的话，则被称为宾语从句。我们以前学过的间接引语实质上就是宾语从句。如：Mary said that she was going to visit Hong Kong.（that引导的宾语从句）宾语从句三件事，时态语序连接词；主从时态要一致，陈述语序才合适；一般问句做从句，连接词if别忘记；特殊问句做宾从，特殊问词莫漏掉。2.宾语从句的三要素——时态、语序、连接词（1）时态：主句和从句的时态必须保持一致。即主句为一般现在时，从句可根据需要选择各种时态；如果主句是一般过去时，从句只能用过去的某种时态（包括一般过去时、过去进行时、过去完成时、过去将来时等）。e.g.We’re sorry to hear that your mother is ill.（主句是一般现在时，从句一般现在时）听说你母亲病了，我们很难过。e.g.Mr.Black didn’t know why Jenny was late again.（主句是一般过去时，从句一般过去时）。布莱克先生不清楚为什么珍妮又迟到了。（2）语序：不管什么类型的宾语从句，总是用陈述句语序。即：从句的连接词后是主语、谓语、宾语的语序。当连接词做主语时，后面直接跟谓语和宾语。e.g.I shall write to you what I want to say.（连接词+主谓陈述语序，what不是疑问词）我会写给你我想说的话。e.g.She asked who is the boss of this store.（连接词做主语+系表结构）（3）连接词：宾语从句是陈述句时，连接词用that；宾语从句是一般疑问句时，连接词用if或whether；宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，连接词直接用特殊疑问词做引导词，后面变为陈述语序，如who,what,why,where,whose等。具体类型，在下文详细讲述。3.宾语从句的类型（1）由that引导的宾语从句，从句为陈述句，注意时态要保持一致。（2）由if,whether引导的宾语从句，要注意时态的一致以及陈述语序。If,whether的意思是“是否”，用来引导一般疑问句变成的宾语从句。e.g.I want to know whether（if）you can repair the recorder or not.不知道你是否能修理录音机？（3）由who,what,how,which,whose,where,when,why等引导的宾语从句，特殊疑问词作为引导词，没有疑问的作用，但本身的意思不变。要注意时态的一致和陈述语序。e.g.The reporter will tell us what he saw and heard in Japan.这个记者要给我们讲讲他在日本的见闻。e.g.Do you know where the Great Pyramid is?你知道大金字塔在什么地方吗？在这一单元中，我们重点练习where引导的宾语从句。Where后面的从句一定要用陈述语序。e.g.Do you know where I can get a dictionary?你知道我在哪里能买到字典？e.g.Can you please tell me where I can get some magazines?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到一些杂志？。