语法对点讲练十二介词、并列连词一、常用介词知识点讲解1．表示时间的介词(1)at,on,in①at表示时间点，也可表示节假日。at 3：00,at noon,at that time,at Christmas Day②on表示一天或某天的一部分。on Monday,on Friday evening,on September 24③in表示少于或多于一天的时间段。in the evening,in a week,in three days,in 2013,in my childhood④morning,evening,afternoon,night等名词如果有表示具体某一天的名词修饰时，用on。on Monday morning,on a cold winter morning(2)by,during,for,till,until⑤by表示“不迟于；到……为止”。by six o’clock,by the end of last month⑥during表示一段持续的时间，也可以表示这段持续时间中的某一点或某一刻。during the summer vacation⑦for表示一段时间，后面接具体的时间单位，后边的名词常用复数。I have been working here for five years.⑧till和until表示一段时间，till用在肯定句中与持续性动词连用，until用在否定句中，与瞬间动词连用。Although the lecture was very boring,he stayed till the end of it.I didn’t leave until 11 o’clock.2．表示地点、位置、方向的介词(1)at,in,on⑨at一般指较小的地方。I met him at the store.⑩in一般指较大的地方。They arrived in Tianjin yesterday.⑪on一般指面与线接触的地方。The picture is hanging on the wall.(2)in,on,to⑫in表示在某一范围内。Baoding lies in the middle of Hebei province.⑬on表示两地接壤。Canada is on the north of the USA.⑭to表示范围之外。Japan is to the northeast of China.(3)by,beside,near⑮by与beside表示“在……的旁边”。There is a small house by the river.He was standing beside his father.⑯near表示“接近；近”。There is a school near my house.(4)from,out of⑰from强调起点，“从……”。The plane from New York arrives at 11：10.⑱out of侧重从里向外，“从……里出来”。She took some paper out of her bag.(5)between,among⑲between表示在两者之间。The secret is only between you and me.⑳among指三者或以上的之间。The teacher was standing among the students.3．表示原因的介词for,from,of,through,with,because of,due to,owing to,for fear of,on account of,out of,thanks to等可以表示原因。He was shaking with cold.The girl fell ill from eating too little.4．表示工具、方式、手段的介词(1)by,in,with by多用于无形的工具或手段前，by与名词间无修饰语。by hand,by means of in多用于语言、材料前。in ink,in English,in this way with多用在有形的工具、表示身体器官的名词前，with与名词之间可以有修饰语。We see with our eyes.We are digging with spades(铁锹)．(2)by,in,on by＋交通工具，之间无冠词。by air,by car,by bus,by bike in,on＋修饰语＋交通工具。go to work in my car,on the bus(3)with with表示“和……一起；有……在场”。Will you come to the cinema with us?with表示“随着；与……一道”。With time passing by,he has become used to the climate there.with表示“具有；携有”。The teacher comes into the classroom with some books in hand.with表示方式或状态。He likes to go to bed with the windows open.(4)of＋抽象名词be of＋抽象名词＝be＋adj.be of much value＝be very valuable(5)to＋情感类名词to one’s＋名词＝to the＋名词＋of sb.to one’s surprise＝to the surprise of sb.to one’s joy,to one’s regret,to one’s relief,to one’s disappointment对点训练第一组单项填空1．(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)It was a real race________time to get the project done.Luckily,we made it.A.over B.by C.for D.against答案与解析D句意：这真是一个需要争分夺秒才能完成的项目。幸运的是，我们圆满地完成了。四个选项中的介词只有D项的against与time构成“against time”才意为“争分夺秒”，其他介词用在此处都不符合句意。故答案选D项。2．(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)A serious study of physics is impossible________some knowledge of mathematics.A.against B.before C.beyond D.without答案与解析D题干的意思是：“________一定的数学知识，认真研究物理是不可能的。”against“靠着；反对”；before“在……之前”；beyond“超出”；without“没有”。四个选项中填入without最合适，故选D项。3．(2013·山东卷)The Smiths are praised________the way they bring up their children.A.from B.by C.at D.for答案与解析D句意：史密斯夫妇因为养育孩子的方式而受到了赞扬。根据固定搭配be praised by...”，学生很容易理解为“被……表扬”而误选by。4．(2013·安徽卷)Before you pay a visit to a place of interest,look in your local library________a book about it.A.on B.at C.for D.to答案与解析C句意：在你到某一旅游胜地去游览之前，先在你当地的图书馆找本有关的书看看。look与介词for搭配构成动词短语look for。因为in your local library这一地点状语插在其中，从而增加了识别的难度。实际上，本句也可以表达为：...look for a book about it in your local library.故选C项。5．(2013·北京卷)I have an appointment________Dr.Smith,but I need to change it.A.to B.off C.with D.from答案与解析C句意：我跟史密斯博士有个约会，但是我需要改一下。have an appointment with sb.“跟某人有约”，为固定搭配，故正确答案为C项。第二组语法填空6．She’s got the job because she has the advantage________others of knowing many languages.答案与解析over句意：她得到了这份工作因为她有比别人多会几门语言的优势。比谁有优势用介词over。7．Fred entered without knocking and,very out of breath,sank________a chair.答案与解析into句意：弗莱德没有敲门就进门了，气喘吁吁，一屁股坐在了椅子上。sink into“陷入……”。8．The plane departs at 8：00,so we may as well be at the airport________7：00 at the latest.答案与解析by/before句意：飞机八点起飞，所以我们最好最迟在七点之前赶到飞机场。by“不迟于……”；before“在……之前”。9．Ballet is not popular________our city because most people think it is too expensive to take the classes.答案与解析in句意：芭蕾在我们的城市并不流行，因为大多数人认为上这个课太贵了。in表位于较大的地点；be popular with sb.“受……欢迎”。10．It is believed that those who attend lessons________great concentration are more likely to be top ones.答案与解析with句意：人们相信上课认真听讲的人更有可能取得好成绩。with“具有；带有”。二、常见的介词短语和搭配知识点讲解例：out of place with regard to except for except that beyond descriptions account for on account of in a way in particular in charge as a result of in case(of)...be tired of be proud of answer/key to next to similar to due to thanks to popular with above all on behalf of after all in terms of in need of in favour of in return in short apart from instead of regardless of in detail in general on purpose in place of in search of for fear of in exchange for in addition to in spite of in vain beyond reach at dawn at daybreak at sunset/sunrise at table far from free from by the way be fond of对点训练第一组单项填空1．(2013·江苏卷)I am always delighted when I receive an email from you.________the party on July 1st,I shall be pleased to attend.A.On account of B.In response to C.In view of D.With regard to答案与解析D句意：当我收到你的电子邮件时，我总是很高兴。关于7月1日的聚会，我将很乐意参加。on account of“因为；由于”；in response to“对……作出回应”；in view of“考虑到；鉴于”；with regard to“关于；至于”。2．(2013·辽宁卷)________everyone here,I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country.A.By means of B.On behalf of C.In search of D.For fear of答案与解析Bby means of“用；凭借”；on behalf of“代表”；in search of“寻找”；for fear of“担心”。根据后半句句意“我祝愿你回国的旅途愉快”可知答案，即“我代表这里的每个人”。3．(福建)China has been pushing the reform of public hospitals________all its citizens.A.in charge of B.for the purpose of C.in honour of D.for the benefit of答案与解析D句意：为了所有公民的利益，中国一直在推动公立医院的改革。in charge of“掌管；负责”；for the purpose of“为了……目的”；in honour of“为了纪念……”；for the benefit of“为了……的利益”。可知D项意思最符合。4．(安徽)You can change your job,you can move house,but friendship is meant to be________life.A.of B.on C.to D.for答案与解析D句意：你可以换工作，也可以搬家，但友谊却可以终身受用。for life“终身”，故选D项。5．(湖北)The furniture,with its modern style and bright colours,suits modern houses and their gardens,but looks________in the garden of a traditional home.A.out of question B.out of order C.out of sight D.out of place答案与解析D句意：这件家具，式样现代，颜色明亮，适合现代房子和花园，但是在传统家庭的花园里看上去就不合适了。out of question“毫无疑问”；out of order“发生故障”；out of sight“看不见”；out of place“不合适的；不恰当的；不相称的”。第二组语法填空6．In fact,apart________money,the old man needs more care.答案from 7．(2013·黄冈中学5月二模)After years of hard work,you may depend________it that he can fulfil the task.答案on 8．(2013·青岛二中11月月考)Although my original idea doesn’t think,it’s not up________me to decide the plan.答案to 9．I noticed her eyes________particular,because they were very large and beautiful.答案in 10．Did you choose this company________account of high pay?答案on三、常用的并列连词知识点讲解四、并列句中的注意事项知识点讲解⑤when用作并列连词时，其意义为“这时；那时”，相当于and at this/that time。常用于下列句式：Somebody was doing something when...;Somebody was about to/going to do/on the point of doing something when...;Somebody had just done something when...We were having a meeting when someone broke in.⑥while意为“而；却”，表示对比。He likes pop music,while I am fond of classical music.⑦副词besides,furthermore,moreover,nevertheless,otherwise,therefore,consequently,anyway等也可以起并列连词的作用。This place isn’t quiet enough for us to stay for a rest;furthermore,it is not shady.对点训练第一组单项填空1．(2013·新课标卷Ⅰ)There’s no way of knowing why one man makes an important discovery________another man,also intelligent,fails.A.since B.if C.as D.while答案__D__知识点__③，⑥__解析句意：不清楚为什么一个人会有重大发现，而另外一个同样聪明的人却失败了。根据句意断定，该题的空格处需要填入一个并列连词。乍一看，这四个连词似乎都是从属连词，都不能填入句中。殊不知，在实际的语言运用过程中，while还具有并列连词的属性，表示“转折和对比”，正好符合句式结构和语意逻辑。故答案选D项。其他三个选项都没有这种属性和功能，所以可以排除。2．(2013·新课标卷Ⅱ)I was glad to meet Jenny again,________I didn’t want to spend all day with her.A.but B.and C.so D.or答案__A__知识点__③__解析句意：我很高兴再次见到詹妮，________我不想整天和她待在一起。根据前半句中的glad与后半句中的didn’t want可知前后两句为转折关系，所以选A项。3．(2013·北京卷)Don’t turn off the computer before closing all programs,________you could have problems.A.or B.and C.but D.so答案__A__知识点__④__解析句意：在关掉所有的程序之前不要关电脑，要不然你会遇到问题的。or“否则；要不然”，表示一种否定的条件；and连接表示顺承的并列句；but连接表示转折的并列句；so连接表示因果的并列句。由语境可知正确答案为A项。掌握并列连词的用法以及前后分句的逻辑关系是解题关键。4．(2013·江西卷)What a terrible experience!________，you’re safe now—that’s the main thing.A.Anyway B.Besides C.Otherwise D.Therefore答案__A__知识点__⑦__解析句意：多么可怕的经历呀！至少，你现在是安全的——那才是最重要的事。选项中四个单词均为副词，anyway“无论如何；至少”；besides“而且；此外”；otherwise“否则”；therefore“因此”。故A项符合语境。5．(2013·四川卷)Read this story,________you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.A.or B.and C.but D.so答案__B__知识点__①__解析句意：如果你读这个故事，你将会意识到并不是一切东西都能用金钱买到。or“否则”；and“而且”；but“但是”；so“因此”。分析句子结构可知，本题为“祈使句＋and/or＋陈述句”结构，本句中前面的祈使句表示条件，后面的陈述句表示此条件下的结果，又由句意可知应用连词and。6．(2013·重庆卷)It’s not easy to change habits,________with awareness and selfcontrol,it is possible.A.for B.or C.but D.so答案__C__知识点__③__解析句意：改变习惯不容易，________有了意识和自制力，它是可能的。分析句子意思我们知道，空格前后的句子存在转折关系。for“因为”；or“或者”；but“但是”；so“所以”。因此答案为C项。其实后面的句子补充完整应为：it is possible to change habits with awareness and selfcontrol。第二组语法填空7．“Study hard________get good grades,and you will find a highpaying job with great benefits，”my parents used to say.答案and 8．I was about to call Mr.Stone________I found my cell phone missing.答案when 9．Calm down for a while,________you will simplify the complicated problems very soon.答案and 10．That was our first lesson,________he didn’t know all our names.答案so。
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