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Unit 3 In Beijing教案unit3inbeijing一.教学内容：Unit 3 In Beijing Lesson 17–Lesson 20 1.单词和短语（1）restaurant quickly scared slowly taxi hard hand age become easy fly hurt laugh poor put quietly worry break careful palace Palace Museum camera film sky smile tail today address corner dad dear miss Mr.postcard send shop stamp top truly use yours（2）语法2.近义词的区别3.语言目标（1）提供帮助及其应答（2）请允许、许可及其答语（3）询问天气状况（4）询问价格二.重点、难点分析1.quickly（1）副词，“快地；迅速地”，着重指动作“迅速”地发生或完成，具有即刻行动，毫不耽搁的意思。修饰动词或整个句子。其形容词形式为quick，反义词形式为slowly。如：Please come quickly.请快过来。He gets up before 7 o’clock in the morning,and quickly washes his hands and face.他早上七点前起床，并迅速洗手和脸。（2）与fast辨析fast“快的（地）”，既可以作形容词，又可作副词，指动作、速度之快。如：It often rains and the trees grow fast.经常下雨，那些树木长得很快。The clock in our classroom is fast.我们班的钟表快了。2.Mrs.Li,Danny,Jenny and Li Ming take a taxi to their hotel.李夫人、丹尼、詹尼和李明坐出租车去宾馆。Take a taxi to their hotel＝go to their hotel by taxi,类似的句型有：We walk to school every bay.＝We go to school on foot every day.我们每天步行去上学。Their parents take a bus to work.＝Their parents go to work by bus.他们父母乘公共汽车去上班。They are flying to Beijing.＝They are going to Beijing by air/plane.他们正飞往北京。另外，ride a bike to somewhere＝go to somewhere by bike,drive to somewhere＝go to somewhere by car等等。3.There are too many cars and buses.有太多的汽车和公共汽车。（1）There be某人/某物某地，表示某事物或人的存在关系，译为“某地有某人或某物”。There叫引导词，在句中不充当任何成分，译成汉语时，也不必译出，句中的主语是某人或某物，谓语动词be要与主语的数一致。当主语是由两个或两个以上的名词充当时，谓语动词be要与它相邻的那个名词的数一致。如：There is a school near here.这附近有一所学校。There are some boats on the lake.湖上有一些船。There is a pen,two books and many pencils on the desk.桌子上有一支钢笔，两本书和许多铅笔。（2）too many和too much两者都表示“太多”的意思，但too many修饰可数名词复数，too much修饰不可数名词。too是副词，意为“太，过分”，修饰many或much,用来加强语气，表示程度，作状语。如：There are too many people on the street.街上的人太多。He drinks too much pop.他喝的汽水太多了。There are too many mistakes in his homework.他作业中的错误太多了。4.Here I come.我来了。该句是倒装句，原来的语序应该是I come here.在英语中，以Here或There开头的句子一般用倒装语序，若句子主语是名词，则主谓构成倒装，称为完全倒装句，若句子主语是代词，则主谓不倒装，称为不完全倒装句。如：Here is your coat.这是你的上衣。There goes the bell.铃声响了。There comes the bus.汽车来了。Here he is.他在这儿。5.laugh（1）不及物动词，意为“笑”“因……而发笑”，一般后面不加宾语。如：Feng Gong and Niu Qun make everyone laugh.冯巩和牛群能使每个人发笑。He laughs best who laughs last.谁笑在最后，谁笑得最好。构成短语：laughs at嘲笑。如：Don’t laugh at the people in trouble.不要嘲笑处于困境中的人。Everyone laughs at the old man’s mistake.每个人都嘲笑那个老人的错误。（2）与smile辨析laugh指一般的“发笑”或“出声大笑”，它意味着不但有面部表情，而且还有动作和声音，多指快乐、高兴；也指“微笑”，不笑出声音，怀好意，善意。如：She never smiles.她从没有笑脸。We hear the good news and begin to laugh.我们听到这个好消息，都笑了。6.I see some children playing.我看见一些孩子在玩耍。see是感官动词。see somebody doing something表示“看见某人正在做某事”,强调动作正在进行，分词短语作宾语补足语。see somebody do something表示“看见某人做了某事”。强调动作的全过程，已经完成或经常性的，省略to的动词不定式短语作宾语补足语。类似的动词还有hear,watch,notice（注意）等等。如：I see them playing football on the playground我看到他们正在操场上踢足球。I often see them play football on the playground我经常看到他们在操场上踢足球。He saw his son crossing the road.他看见他儿子正在过马路。He saw his son cross the road.他看见他儿子过了马路。7.front（1）名词，意为“前面，前部”，反义词是back（后面，后部）。如：The driver sits in front and the passengers sit behind.司机坐在前面，乘客坐在后面。There are some trees in front of the house.房前有几棵树。注：与front相关的短语辨析：at the front of指在某个物体本身或范围之内的前部，但是仅指一个点，意思是“在……前部”。如：I’m sitting at the front of the bus.我坐在公共汽车前部。in the front of也只在某个物体本身或范围之内的前部，但范围比at the front of要大，意思也是“在……前部”，有时候二者可以互换。如：There is a big TV at/in the front of the living room.起居室里有一台大电视机。in front of一般相对于物体的外部来说，指另外的东西在该物体的前面，意思是“在……前面”。如：There is a car in front of the truck.卡车前有一辆小汽车。in front单独使用，很笼统地表示某物某人“在前面”。如：The car is in front.小汽车在前面。（2）形容词，意为“前面的”，反义词是back（后面的）。如：I sit in the front row.我坐在前排。Write your name on the front cover of the exercise book.把你的名字写在练习本前边的封面上。8.May I help you take a picture?我可以帮你拍张照片吗？（1）help sb sth.帮助某人做某事。不定式符号to可以省略，也可以不省略。help sb后也可接with介词短语，有时在上下文意思清楚时，与help sb（to）do sth,意思相似。如：You can help me carry the things.＝You can help me with the things.你可以帮我拿这些东西。He often helps me to study English.＝He often helps me with my English.他经常帮我学英语。（2）take a picture拍照。如：I want to take a picture at Tian’anmen Square.我想在天安门广场照张像。9.He breaks his tail!他摔折了它的尾巴。break作及物动词，意为“弄坏，打坏”“折坏”，后接宾语。如：Who breaks the window?谁打破了窗户？He breaks the window.他把杯子打破了。break作不及物动词，意为“坏碎、坏了”或“（天气）突变”。如:The cup breaks.杯子坏了。Day breaks.天亮了。broken用作形容词，意为“弄坏了、破碎的”“断了”。如：The cup is broken.杯子碎了。（指破碎的状态）A broken chair is on the ground.一把破椅子在地上。10.Be careful!当心，当心！此句为祈使句，用以引起别人的注意。同义词组有look out“当心，小心，留神”或take care“注意，小心”。如：Be careful!A car is coming!当心，车来了。Be careful!You nearly hit that child!小心，你差一点撞到那个小孩！11.A postcard has a picture on it.明信片上有张图片。（1）动词have有两种形式，即have和has，意为“有”，表示状态，而不表示动作，因此不能用于现在进行时。如：I have a book.我有一本书。A clock has two hands.钟有两个指针。We have two new students.我们有两名新来的同学。have,has的否定形式要借助助动词do和does,have前面用don’t,has前面用doesn’t,并把has还原为have，如：We don’t have lunch at school.我们不在学校吃午饭。He doesn’t have any money.他没有钱。have和has的一般疑问句形式是在句首加助动词Do或Does.第三人称单数前用了Does后，谓语动词has要还原为have.如：Do you have a pencil sharpener?你有铅笔刀吗?Yes,I do./No,I don’t.是的，我有。/不，我没有。Does he/she have any postcards？他/她有明信片吗?Yes,he/she does./No,he/she doesn’t.是的，他/她有。/不，他/她没有。have/has结构表示“某人拥有某物/某人或某物属于某人”,主语是人，其结构为：主语＋have/has宾语；而There be结构表示“某处有（存在）某人或某物”，其结构为：There be（am,is,are）名词＋地点状语，如：I have a TV set.我有一台电视机。There’s a TV set on the table.桌上有台电视机。Our village has a hospital.＝There’s a hospital in our village.我们村有一家医院。12.I want to send this postcard to my mum and dad.我想把这张明信片寄给我的妈妈和爸爸。（1）sb.want to do sth某人想干某事，如：They want to put the things in the car.他们想把这些东西放进汽车。He wants to learn English from Miss Li.他想跟李老师学英语。（2）send…to…把……送给/寄给……如：My parents send a letter to me every month.我父母每月寄给我一封信。I send some flowers to our teachers on Teachers’Day.我在教师节送给我们老师一些花。13.Where do you put the stamp?In the top,right corner of the postcard.你把邮票贴哪儿呢？明信片的右上角。（1）where一般疑问句语序是询问地点的特殊疑问句，回答时要用介词＋地点。如：Where do you write on a postcard?On the left.你要写在明信片的哪儿呢？在左边。Where do you put the oranges?Under the table.你把桔子放到哪里呢？桌子底下。（2）top用作名词，有以下几种意思：①顶，顶部，顶端at the top of a hill在山顶the top of one’s head头顶②上面，上边，上部the top of shoes鞋面the top of the letter信的上面③盖，蓬，顶盖the top of the building大楼顶a bottle top瓶盖④居首位的人She is thetopofourschool.她是我们学校最好的学生。