备考2025黑龙江省教师资格之中学英语学科知识与教学能力提升训练试卷B卷附答案一单选题(共100题)1、--Hi,this way,please.A.direction B.position C.situation D.condition【答案】A 2、What does a teacher focus on when he/she says"find out two things your partner likes to eat but you don’t and two things you both like to eat using what do you like to eat?A.Form B.Meaning C.Meaning and use D.Form and meaning【答案】C 3、“The age of melancholy"is how psychologist Daniel Goleman describes our age.People today experience more depression than previousgenerations,despite the technological wonders that help us every day.It might be because of them.A.Technology will take away peoples’jobs B.People’s happiness will be greatly jeopardized C.Technology is developing at a breath-taking speed D.People will be indifferent to technological wonders【答案】B 4、In a pre-listening activity,students need to learn to cope with some ambiguity不明确in listening and realize that they can still learn even when they do not understand every single word.The aim of this activity is to develop the skill of__________.A.listening for specific information B.listening for gist C.listening for structure D.listening for vocabulary【答案】B 5、Which of the following may better check students’ability of using a grammatical struc-ture?A.Having them work out the rule B.Having them give some examples C.Having them explain the meaning D.Having them explain the structure【答案】B 6、When a teacher corrects the errors of his/her students,what measures shouldn’t，he/she use at first?A.To give the students who makes error the first opportunity to correct it B.To get other students to correct it,C.To correct the student directly D.To hint students their errors【答案】C 7、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.since 1982 B.since the 1970s but only for large bottles C.since the 1960s but not for liquids with gas in them D.since companies like Coca Cola first tried them【答案】C 8、We′re all keeping our__________crossed that the surgeons do not find anything too seriouswith the patient．A.fingers B.thumbs C.hands D.feet【答案】A 9、The place is_________attractive both in spring and autumn for its pleasant climate.A.partly B.hopefully C.merely D.equally【答案】D 10、How many morphemes does the word"telecommunication"contain A.1 B.2 C.3 D.4【答案】C 11、Pitch variation is known as__________when its patterns are imposed on sentences.A.intonation B.tone C.pronunciation D.voice【答案】A 12、Which of the following is NOT a compound word?A.Landlady B.Greenhouse C.Uplift D.Unacceptable【答案】D 13、A sound which is capable of distinguishing one word in meaning from another in a givenlanguage is a__________．A.phone B.phoneme C.allophone D.allomorph【答案】B 14、Passage 2 A.waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams B.visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control C.dreams should be left to their natural progression D.dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious【答案】D 15、Speaking two languages rather than just。one has obvious practical benefits in an increasingly globalized world.But in recent years,scientists have begun to show that the advantages of biling ualism are even more fundamental than being able to converse with a wider range of people.Being bilingual,it turns out,makes you smarter.It can have a profound effect on your brain,improving cognitive skills not related to language and even shielding against dementia in old age.This view of bilingualism is remarkably different from the understanding of bilingualism through much of the 20th century.Researchers,educators and policy makers long considered a second language to be an interference,cognitively speaking,that hindered a child’s academic and intellectualdevelopment.A.Bilinguals are cognitively disadvantaged B.The pros of bilingualism outweigh the con C.Bilinguals have advantages over monolinguals D.Bilinguals and monolinguals are intellectually similar【答案】A 16、Which of the following is NOT a compound word?A.landlady B.greenhouse C.uplift D.unacceptable【答案】D 17、Which of the following is closest in meaning to the underlined word“plummeted”in Paragraph 3?A.Punished timely B.Spread widely C.Continued gradually D.Dropped sharply【答案】D 18、It would be all too easy to say that Facebook’s market meltdown is coming to an end.After all,Mark Zuckerberg’s social A.They have trouble falling asleep B.They want to get sufficient sleep C.They are involved in a sleep research D.They want to go to bed on regular hours【答案】B 19、That a Japanese child adopted at birth by an American couple will grow up speaking English indicates＿of human language.A.duality B.cultural transmission C.arbitrariness D.cognitive creativity【答案】B 20、Which of the following statements explains one benefit of inductive grammar teaching?A.Being time-saving B.Students being actively involved in learning C.Students learning from clear rules D.Full and accurate explanations【答案】B 21、Neither the unpleasant experiences nor the bad luck（）him discouraged.A.have caused B.has causeD C.has made D.have made【答案】C 22、There are two factors which determine an individual’s intelligence．The first is the sort of brain he is born with．Human brains differ considerably,some being more capable than others．But no matter how good a brain he has to begin with,an individual will have a low order of intelligence unless he has opportunities to learn．So the second factor is what happens to the individual--the sort of environment in which he is brought up．If an individual is handicapped environmentally,it is likely that his brain will fail to develop and he will never attain the level of intelligence of which he is capable．A.Measuring Your Intelligence B.Intelligence and Environment C.The Case of Peter and Mark D.How the Brain Influences Intelligence【答案】B 23、To teach students writing effectively,teachers may guide students through the writing process as follows:A.①④③⑤⑥②B.④③⑤①⑥②C.④①⑤③⑥②D.③①④⑥⑤②【答案】C 24、请阅读Passage2，完成第小题。A.The university has set up a committee made up of faculty,staff and students B.Communicate with students about the importance of academic honesty C.Punish the students who cheat and if cheat,with no diploma D.Communicate with students about how to achieve academic integrity【答案】C 25、Britain_________for control of the sea in the 17th century.A.contended B.contrived C.contented D.confined【答案】A 26、Liberia，the oldest independent Negro state in West Africa，has been struggling for survival ever since its foundation in 1822．Progress has been hampered by constant hostility between the American A.the government has to borrow money from others B.the government has to lend money to others C.the government doesn’t have to borrow or lend money D.the government has either to borrow or to lend money【答案】C 27、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.Oceanic salinity has great effect on sea life B.Many factors combine to cause changes in oceanic salinity C.The movement of the water is related to the amount of salt D.The temperature of the water has much to do with the oceanic salinity【答案】D 28、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.The price of oil and plastic has risen B.It is not suitable for containing gassy drinks C.The public like traditional glass bottles D.Shopkeepers dislike reusable bottles【答案】C 29、The earnings of women are well below that of men____educational differences that are diminishing between the two sexes.A.although B.though C.despite of D.in spite of【答案】D 30、Which of the following does a teacher want his/her students to develop if he/she guides______them to take notes using key words,abbreviations and symbols?A.Cultural awareness B.Language awareness C.Learning strategies D.Language knowledge【答案】C 31、请阅读短文，完成此题。A.A New"Mother"to Digitally Nag You B.A New Electronic Device Come into Being C."Mother"is Better than Other Devices D."Mother"is to Care for You【答案】A 32、Passage 2 A.the algae have done their work B.the atmosphere becomes cooler C.there is oxygen D.it rains there【答案】D 33、According to the componential analysis,the words"girl"and"woman"differ in the feature of__________.A.HUMAN B.ANMATE C.MALE D.ADULT【答案】D 34、Which of the following shows the proper rhythmical pattern of the sentence?A.′Come to′see us at our′new a′partment B.′Come to′see us at′our new′apartment C.′Come to′see us′at our′new′apartment D.′Come to′see us′at our′new a′partment【答案】A 35、What is the teacher doing in terms of error correction?A.Correcting the student’s mistake B.Hinting that there is a mistake C.Encouraging peer correction D.Asking the student whether he really went to the theatre【答案】B 36、It is said that the agreement__________between the two companies last month will become effective from May 1st.A.to sign B.to be signed C.signed D.signing【答案】C 37、Ifa teacher asks students to fill in the blanks in a passage with"that","which"or"whom",he/she is least likely focusing on grammar at_________．A.lexical level B.syntactic level C.discourse level D.morphological level【答案】D 38、The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control A.a large reduction on unemployment B.a growth in the tourist industry C.a reduction in the number of existing industries D.the development of a number of service industries【答案】C 39、Passage 1 A.pessimistic B.partial C.objective D.doubtful【答案】C 40、Lucy is great to work with.I really couldn’t find a__________partner.A.better B.good C.worse D.bad【答案】A 41、Passage 1 A.employers could specify the ages of people they want to hire in the past B.all employers recruited workers through advertisement in the past C.legislation prohibiting discrimination can’t free old workers from age discrimination D.the recent proposed congressional legislation is ineffective【答案】A 42、Jimmy asked Mary to lend him some money,which she agreed to,__________that he paid her back the following month.A.on occasion B.in case C.under circumstances D.on condition【答案】D 43、Passage 2 A.Drawing criticism B.Receiving suspicion C.Attracting attention D.Causing disagreement【答案】D 44、请阅读短文，完成第小题。A.argue for teaching bright and not-so-bright pupils in the same class B.recommend pair work and group work for classroom activities C.offer advice on the proper use of the library D.emphasize the importance of appropriate formal classroom teaching【答案】D 45、“Museum”is a slippery word.It first meant(in Greek)anything consecrated to the Muses:a hill,a shrine,a garden,a A.there was a great demand for fakers B.fakers grew rapidly in number C.fakers became more skillful D.fakers became more polite【答案】C 46、Five pilots landed J-15 fighter jets on the Liaoning,Cbina’s first aircraft carrier the critics,who once described it as a shark without teeth.A.about B.above C.against D.across【答案】C 47、The relationship between"fruit"and"orange"is__________.A.superordinate B.relational opposites C.hyponymy D.homonymy【答案】C 48、The question"How fast did he drive when he ran the red light?"__________"He ran the red light".A.presupposes B.entails C.contradicts D.includes【答案】A 49、请阅读Passage 2，完成第小题。A.Storm Crisis vs.Benghazi Crisis B.Why Stormy Weather Makes Dumb TV C.What Really Matters in News Broadcast and Why D.Hurricane Sandy and the U.S.Presidential Election【答案】B 50、Passage 1 A.The lonely people differ in genes from the gregarious people B.Sociability can adjust a person’s genome and make it work properly,C.The lonely people can become sociable if they regulate their genes D.Individuals have to find their own ways to adapt to the environment【答案】B 51、Which of the following statements is NOT a way of presenting new vocabulary?A.Defining B.Using real objects C.Writing a passage by using new words D.Giving explanations【答案】C 52、The following conversation clearly violates the_________.A.Maxim of Quantity B.Maxim of Relation C.Maxim of Quality D.Maxim of Manner【答案】A 53、What purpose does NOT post-listening activities serve?A.Helping students relate the text with their personal experience B.Offering students the opportunities of extending other language skills C.Practicing students’ability of matching the pre-listening predictions with contents of the text D.Giving the answer directly to students and not to explain【答案】D 54、Which of the following is employed by a speaker who addresses senior people as“the elderly”ratherthan“the old”?A.Social dialect B.Taboo C.Lingua franca D.Euphemism【答案】D 55、What is the focus when a teacher says to the class“Rewrite each of the following sentences using the passive voice.”?A.Skill B.Meaning C.Structure D.Function【答案】C 56、What should the teacher try to avoid when selecting listening materials?A.The text scripted and recorded in the studio B.The text with implicated concepts beyond the comprehension of students C.The text with local accents in pronunciation D.The text with some difficult words for students【答案】B 57、Which of the following activities does not belong to pre-reading activities?A.scanning B.setting the scene C.skimming D.paraphrasing【答案】D 58、The sound of"ch"in"teacher"is（）.A.voiceless,post-alveolar,and affricative B.voiceless,dental,and fricative C.voiced,dental,and fricative D.voiced,post-alveolar,and plosive【答案】A 59、Among the major listening skills，_________is a skill which combines listening and writing，because it requires the listeners to write down，either word for word，or in his own words，what he considers important．A.inferring B.note-taking C.listening for detailed information D.listening for gist【答案】B 60、How many liaisons of sound are there in the sentence"1 called you half an hour ago"?A.one B.two C.three D.four【答案】D 61、President Arling has put his long awaited economic restructuring program before the Congress.It provides a coordinateD.program of investment credits,research grants,education reforms,and changes designed to make American industry more A.support B.distaste C.Disapproval D.Compromise【答案】A 62、If you are entitled to sickness______,you must claim it from your employer.A.budget B.allowance C.wage D.income【答案】C 63、Bernard Bailyn has recently reinterpreted the early history of the United States by applying new social research findings on the experiences of European migrants．In his reinterpretation，migration becomes the organizing principle for rewriting the history of preindustrial North America．His approach rests on four separate propositions．A.give sufficient emphasis to the cultural and political interdependence of the colonies and England B.describe carefully how migrants of different ethnic backgrounds preserved their culture in the United States C.take advantage of social research on the experiences of colonists who migrated to colonial North America specifically to acquire land D.relate the experience of the migrants to the political values that eventually shaped the character of the United States【答案】D 64、Passage 2 A.Safe,wrapped and factory-made B.Original,homemade and expensive C.Delicious,manufactured and expensive D.Convenient,homemade and inexpensive【答案】A 65、Passage 1 A.Donna and Her Pupils B.The"I Can’t"Funeral C.The"I Can’t"and It’s Relatives D.The"I Can’t"Touches the Lives of Everyone【答案】B 66、Which of the following activities may be more appropriate to help students practice a newstructure immediately after presentation in class A.Role play B.Group discussion C.Pattern drill D.Written homework【答案】C 67、Classroom language can also be called in-class language,which is the specially used language system by both teachers and students in classroom teaching.Which of the following is not consisted in it?A.Spoken language B.Body language C.Spelling language D.Written language【答案】C 68、Passage 1 A.The riches B.The treasure C.The adventure D.The treasure discovery【答案】D 69、The synonyms"charge"and"accuse"mainly differ in_________．A.emotion B.dialect C.formality D.collocation【答案】D 70、The inductive method differs from the deductive one in that it enables learners to arrive at_______on the basis of A.generalizations B.solutions C.understanding D.decision【答案】A 71、This passage suggests that an individual’s I.Q.__________.A.can be predicted at birth B.stays the same throughout his life C.can be increased by education D.is determined by his childhood【答案】C 72、Passage 1 A.They are two evil geniuses B.They are two psychologists C.They are two story-tellers D.They are two researchers【答案】A 73、What role does the teacher play at the feedback stage A.Assessor B.Instructor C.Manager D.Researcher【答案】A 74、/s/and/θ/can be distinguished by__________.A.manner of articulation B.place of articulation C.vibration of the vocal cords D.aspiration of articulation【答案】B 75、In the college-admissions wars,we parents are the true fighters．We’re pushing our kids to get good grades,take SAT preparatory courses and build resumes so they can get into the college of our first choice．I’ve twice been to the wars,and as I survey the battlefield,something different is happening．We see our kids’college background as a prize demonstrating how well we’ve raised them．But we can’t acknowledge that our obsession is more about us than them．So we’ve contrivedvarious justifications that turn out to be half-truths,prejudices or myths．It actually doesn’t matter much whether Aaron and Nicole go to Stanford．A.Getting into Ph.D.programs may be more competitive than getting into college B.Degrees of prestigious universities do not guarantee entry to graduate programs,C.Graduates from prestigious universities do not care much ahout their GRE scores D.Connections built in prestigious universities may he sustained long after graduation,【答案】B 76、The relationship between"furniture"and"desk"is A.hyponymy B.antonymy C.synonymy D.homonymy【答案】A 77、Which of the following refers to a process in which a teacher asks his/her students to analyzing sentences in a passage and then work out their structures?A.Deductive teaching B.Inductive teaching C.Task-based teaching D.Content-based teaching【答案】B 78、Passage 1 A.It helps the adopted kids form a correct attitude to their complex heritage B.It helps the Chinese children have fun with their American parents C.It helps the Americans increase the adoption from Russia and China D.It helps the American parents adopt children from other countries【答案】B 79、If you want to go to the movie tonight,so__________I.A.do B.am C.will D.should【答案】C 80、"Underlining all the past form verbs in the dialogue"is a typical exercise focusing on_________.A.use B.form C.meaning D.function【答案】B 81、The main difference between/e/and//lies in the__________．A.tongue position B.sound duration C.openness of the mouth D.shape of the lips【答案】A 82、Passage 2 A.more effective B.less controversial C.less severe D.more lasting【答案】C 83、I’ve tried very"hard to improve my English.But by no means__________with my progress.A.the teacher is not satisfied B.is the teacher not satisfied C.the teacher is satisfied D.is the teacher satisfied【答案】D 84、The Cognitive Approach holds that students′mistakes are__________in the creative use of language.A.useful B.understandable C.unavoidable D.reasonable【答案】C 85、Problem solving activities,role play,information gap,etc.are typical classroomactivities of____.A.the Direct Method B.the Direct Method C.the Audiolingual Method D.Communicative Language Teaching【答案】D 86、Passage 2 A.Moment B.Motive C.Achievement D.Incentive【答案】D 87、请阅读短文，完成此题。A."Dubbed cookies"can sense motion and temperature of things or people B."Dubbed cookies"can be put on things and people C."Dubbed cookies"are a set of smaller tracking devices D."Dubbed cookies"can help"mother"collect data and unit talks wirelessly【答案】D 88、When American-born actor Michael Pena was a year old,his parents were deported.They had illegally walked across the U.S.border from Mexico and when they were caught by immigration authorities,they sent Pena and his brother to stay with relatives in the U.S.“It was quite a bit of a gamble for my parents,”says Pena,“but they came back a year later.”Pena?s father,who had been a farmer in Mexico,got a job at a button factory in Chicago and,eventually,a green card.Pena stayed in Chicago until,at 19,he fled to Los Angeles to pursue his acting dreams.This family history makes Pena?s latest role especially personal.In Cesar Chavez,Pena plays the labor leader as he struggles to organize immigrant California farm workers in the 1960s.To pressure growers to improve working conditions and wages,Chavez led a national boycott of table grapes that lasted from 1965 to 1970 and is recorded in the film.Chavez,like Pena,was the American-born son of Mexican farmers who immigrated to the U.S.“A.His Mexican immigrant background B.His Awareness of his Mexican heritage C.His bilingual life at home and at school D.His status before legal registration in the US【答案】C 89、Passage 1 A.The former are able to write in two different languages B.The former can translate their works into different languages C.The former are able to express ideas from a bi-cultural perspective D.The former can travel freely across the border between two countries【答案】C 90、Many a boy__________playing basketball．A.likes B.like C.to like D.have like【答案】A 91、The Law to Keep the Oil Industry under Control A.encourage the oil companies to discover new oil sources B.prevent oil companies employing people from northern Norway C.help the oil companies solve many of their problems D.keep the oil industry to something near its present size【答案】D 92、We have a very communicative__________to teaching languages．A.means B.method C.manner D.approach【答案】D 93、The thing that__________is not whether you fail or not,but whether you try or not.A.matters B.cares C.considers D.minds【答案】A 94、As expected,the boy who shows great_______in playing badminton has been admitted to the sport university for his talent.A.request B.respect C.addition D.promise【答案】D 95、Passage 2 A.They believe genetically modified crops will harm the farmers’health B.They believe genetic engineering is altogether a bad practice C.They believe scientific methods should be introduced to ensure GM brings no harm D.They believe GMOs will harm Brazil economically【答案】B 96、Passage 2 A.all suffered from cold and wet B.never caught colds C.caught colds easily D.all caught colds because of the harsh environment【答案】A 97、Consonants are classified in terms of__________.A.the place where the airstream obstruction occurs B.the part of tongue that is the highest C.openness of the mouth D.the length of the sound【答案】A 98、请阅读Passage2。完成第小题。A.The World Cup broadcast has broken its record in America B.Americans’interest in football has surged this year C.Smart phones and tablets become more and more popular D.Americans were not interested in The World Cup previously【答案】B 99、请阅读短文A.suggests different people use the same facial expressions to show their emotions B.shows that human beings have more than seven basic emotions C.there are seven basic human emotions D.finds that different facial expressions can be easily understood【答案】B 100、I will never know all that was in his head at the time,__________.A.nor will anyone else B.nor anyone else will C.nor won’t anyone else D.nor anyone else won’t【答案】A二大题(共10题)1、设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计20分钟的写作教学方案。教案没有固定格式，但须包含下列要点：~teachingobjectives~teachingcontents~keyanddifficultpoints~majorstepsandtimeallocation~activitiesandjustifications教学时间：20分钟学生概况：某城镇普通高中一年级第一学期学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：WRITING(①)Readtheshortessayanddiscuss.WecanlearnallweneedontheInternetIagreewiththisidea,especiallyonthesubjectoflearningEnglish.Inmyclass,thereare45students,【答案】TeachingContents:Thisisawritinglessonaboutwritingaparagraphtoopposetheviewthat"WecanlearnallweneedontheInternet".TeachingObjectives:(1)Knowledgeobjectives(①StudentscanrealizetheadvantagesanddisadvantagesoflearningontheIntemet.(②)Studentscanmasterthebasicstructureofanargumentation.(2)Abilityobjectives(①)Studentscandevelopwritingskillssuchascohesion,logicandsoon,(②)StudentscanexpresstheirownopinionsabouttheInternet’seffectsonlearning.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscandeveloptheircriticalthinkingwhendiscussingatopic.TeachingKeyandDifficultPoints:(1)TeachingkeypointStudentscanwriteanargumentationtoopposetheviewthat"WecanlearnallweneedontheInternet".(2)Teachingdifficultpoint 2、请阅读下面一份学生的书面表达以及教师的评语，并回答问题。Hi,Suzanne,Firstofall,welcometoChina.Infact,manystudentshavethesameproblemlikeyou.Asamatteroffact,itdoesn’tasdifficultasyouthink.Butwaysaregreatimportance.Herearesometips:Firstly,reviewyourlessonssothatitcanhelpyoucatchtheimportantpoints.Alsoreadbooksinadvance.Andputyourheartintoclass,espeeialwhattheteachersays.Secondly,don’tbeafraidmakemistakes.It’sagoodstudyhabitwhichplay"aimportantroleinlearninglanguage.Thirdly,trytodosomethinghardandalwaysdiscusssomeproblemswithyourclassmatesinChinesesothatyoucanlearnChinesefromyourclassmates.Finally,tobepatientwhenyoustilldopoorlyinChinese.Asyouknow,Romeisn’tbuildinaday.Astimegoeson,youwillsuccesssoonerorlater.IhopethatyoucanmakegreatprogressinChinese.Goodluck!Yours,XiaoYu教师的评语：结构合理，层次清晰。过渡词用得很好，使用了较复杂的句式为文章增色了许多。但画线地方有误，请改正。(1)该教师对学生作文的错误地方画线有何作用?(8分)(2)对该教师对学生作文的批改情况进行分析。(15分)(3)假若此学生作文中出现的问题是学生群体中普遍常犯的错误，教师应该怎么做?(7分)【答案】(1)教师对学生的错误地方画线。是一种让学生修改其错误的提示性标记。材料中教师在错误处画线，有助于学生在自我更正的过程中积极地思考出错的原因．从错误中吸取教训。同时，学生能够对所学知识进行查漏补缺．可以认识到自己还没有完全掌握哪些知识点或哪些语言规则掌握得不准确。学生可以从错误中学到知识．知识的残缺也会得到及时的弥补。(2)该教师在批改此学生的作文中，能够认真阅读并指出错误之处，并希望学生自行改正，是教师批改的一大优点．但该教师没有区分错误的类型，对于出现的错误不加区分一律画线，是其批改中出现的不当之处。有的学生可以悟出来，如beafraidmakemistakes，playaimportant等。此类错误不必多加解释，经过提示，学生可以自行解决。但对于Asamatteroffact为什么画线．学生很难发现其出错原因是前面用了infact，造成重复现象。还有tobepatientwhenvoustilldopoorlyinChinese学生很可能搞不懂错在哪里。这时，教师应给出详细解释，确保学生理解错误原因。因此．对学生书面表达中出现的错误的处理方式应有别于口语中出现的错误处理方式。从某种程度上说．书面表达错误的处理应更加严谨．要求学生充分运用所掌握的语言知识来监察和修改语言输出．少出或不出语言形式方面的错误。(3)教师如果在教学过程中发现学生普遍存在某一类的言语错误，此类现象可以看作对课堂教学是否正确高效的一种反馈。教师可以通过对普遍性错误的分析．找出教学中的薄弱环节，从而针对学生的实际情况，及时优化教学内容．改进教学方法．促进教学质量的进一步提高。3、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。阅读所给材料，回答下列三个问题：(1)这两份材料分别属于哪种语篇类型?(6分)(2)这两份材料分别适合于哪种课堂教学?说明理由(至少写出两个要点)。(12分)(3)分析教师选用文本材料时需要考虑的基本要素(至少写出三个要点)。(12分)材料1Tom:HelloAlice.I’minterestedinyourworksavingbirds!Whatdoyouthinkisthemostdifficultpartofyourwork?Alice:Well...Isupposeit’ssavingwildbirdscoveredinoil.That’sthemostdifficultofall.Tom:Howdoesthathappen?Alice:Theoilcomesfromboats.Itfloatsonthewaterandcoversthebird’sfeatherswhentheyswimthroughit.Tom:Thatsoundsterrible.Whatdoyoudoaboutit?Alice:Thefirstthingwedoistomakesurethebirdhasn’ttriedtocleanitselfwithitsbeak.Asitdoesso,thebirdeatssomeoilandbecomessick.【答案】(1)语篇指的是实际使用的语言单位，是一次交际过程中的一系列连续的语段或句子所构成的语言整体。根据韩礼德的观点，语篇是一个语义单位或意义潜势的现实化．任何一个口头或书面语言片段，不论其长短，只要能构成一个语义整体，即表达完整的意思．就可以称之为语篇。语篇之所以重要．是由于它是交际过程中传递(口头或书面的)信息的语言形式：根据语篇的概念，第一篇属于会话语篇，第二篇属于段落语篇。(2)第一篇适合口语教学．第二篇适合阅读教学。理由：①第一篇语言比较简单，没有生僻词汇，句式偏向口语化，适合用于口语练习；第二篇语言偏向书面化，词汇相对较复杂，并且多了长难句，适合进行句子的分析，因此适合阅读教学。②第一篇偏向生活化，有生活气息．适合平时与人交际使用．英语口语的最终目的就是让学生达到沟通交流．因此会话语篇可以提供这样一个交流的环境。第二篇偏向说明性语言，是补充介绍知识的．因此可以作为阅读材料来使学生在知识层面有所丰富和提高．同时也加强了语言理解方面的训练。(3)需要考虑的基本要素：①教学内容要素教学内容是要完成的教学任务，是实现教学目标的主要载体。因此教师在选择材料时．需将教科书作为主要依据。教材分析基本关注教学的重点、难点及考点方面。比较注重显性教材的运用而忽视隐性教材的挖掘和利用，较少关注与学习教材内容有密切关系的认知和心理因素．以及教材对学生能力的要求，而对教学的重点和难点也只是阐述其内容，没有做进一步的分析。在新课改背景下，教学内容分析既要有对显性教材的运用，也要有对隐性教材的挖掘和利用。⑦教学对象要素学生是分析教学任务必须要考虑的因素．分析学生是为了帮助学生解决学习中的困难．完成教学任务。教师应该做到以下两点：一是要了解教学活动开始前学生在认知、情感、态度等方面已经达到了什么样的水平，这一水平标志着学生已经能做什么，说什么，想明白了什么等(即学生的学情)。这是学生掌握新的学习任务的起点水平。二是要了解教授了教学材料后预期学生在认知、情感、态度等方面必须达到的状态。对这种状态的把握最终会转化为确定的教学任务与具体的学习目标。只有当教师的心中对教学前和教学后这两种状态的差距做到心中有数时。才能根据学生的实际情况，确定恰当的教学内容。③教学目标要素教学目标是教育者在教学过程中，希望受教育者达到的要求或产生的变化结果，也是教师完成教学任务的归宿。新课程标准从关注学生的学习出发，强调学生是学习的主体，教学目标是教学活动中师生共同追求的，而不是由教师所操纵的。因此，教学目标的主体显然应该是学生。教师在选择教学材料的同时也要以学生为出发点．思考需要完成怎样的教学目标或达到怎样的教学效果。4、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。课堂教学设计是以获得最优化的教学效果为目的，提高课堂教学质量的一项关键工作。简述其五个基本要素，并说明基本程序。【答案】(1)课堂教学设计的五个基本要素：教学任务及对象；教学目标；教学策略；教学过程；教学评价。(2)课堂教学设计的基本程序：①分析教学任务，阐述教学的预期目标；从学习的需求分析开始，了解教学中存在的问题，学生的实际情况与期望水平之间的差距。这样以解决“为什么”及“学什么”和“教什么”的问题。②分析学生特征，教师在分析具体的教学内容时，不仅要考虑课程、单元及课时的教学内容的选择和安排，更需考查学生在进行学习之前，对于本课程中本单元的学习内容具有什么知识和技能，即对学生初始能力的评定，了解学生的一般特征和对所学内容的兴趣和态度，即确定学生的起点状态。③明确具体的学习目标，分析学生从起点状态过渡到终点状态应掌握的知识、技能或应形成的态度与行为习惯：即学生通过学习应该掌握什么知识和技能。④确定教学策略，考虑用什么方式和方法给学生呈现教材，提供学习指导；考虑怎样才能实现学习目标或教学目标。解决“怎么学”和“怎么教”的问题，其中应考虑教学媒体的选择和应用，根据不同的情况选择不同的教学媒体或教学资源。⑤实行教学设计评价，考虑如何对教学的结果进行科学的测量与评价。考虑用什么方法引起学生的反应并提供反馈：对学和教的行为做出评价，在行为评价时，一方面要以目标为标准进行评价，另一方面评价提供了关于教学效果的反馈信息，从而对模式中所有步骤作重新审查，特别应检验目标和策略方面的决定。5、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案。用英文作答。设计任务!请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一节课的教学方案。教案没有固定格式．但须包含下列要点：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddiglcultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications学生概况：某城镇普通中学八年级(初二)学生，班级人数40人，多数学生已达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平，学生参与积极性一般。Frank:Hi,Bob.Howisyourday.?Bob:It’sOK.IlikeMondaybecauseIhaveP.E.andhistory.They’remyfavoritesubjects.Frank:Who’syourP.E.teacher?Bob:Mr.Hu.Healwaysplaysgameswithus.【答案】【参考设计】TeachingContents:Adialogueaboutone’sfavoritesubject,favoriteteacherandfavoriteday.TeachingObjectives:(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscouldmasterthenamesofsubjectsandtheusageof"favorite".(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscouldknowhowtosaydifferentsubjects,anddeveloptheabilityofdescribingthem.(3)EmotionalobjectiveStudentscouldhaveabetterunderstandingoftheirclassmatesthroughthediscussion,andcultivatetheirloveforeverydayandeveryclass.TeachingKeyPoints:Namewordsofsubjects,descriptionsofwords,usageof"favorite"TeachingDifficultPoints:Usageof"favorite",howtostartadiscussionTeachingAids:6、根据题目要求完成下列任务。用中文作答。在对待学生问答时，教师应如何给予评价列举两种评价用语。【答案】(1)为了使提问真正地发挥应有作用，学生回答后，教师一定要及时、恰当地对其答案有所反馈，切忌对学生的回答不置可否。学生需要了解自己的回答究竟是值得称赞还是应当纠正、有待改正，因此教师的评价用语不能一般化、公式化。要把对学生活动的真实感受传给学生。教师要根据学生回答问题时的不同表现，选用不同的评价用语，使教师的评价成为课堂教学真实交际的一部分。(2)评价用语：①当学生的英语水平不是很好的时候．在回答问题时，教师可以用Good／Yes／Right／OK．鼓励学生回答。当学生回答错误时。用“Thinkitover．"或给学生适当的启发或暗示。②随着学生英语水平的提高，教师应丰富评价用语的表达方式，如…It’sreallyahardquestion，butyouranswerisquiteright．”“Iappreciatewhatyoudidinmyclass．”“I’mverygladthatyoumakeprogresseveryday．”，使学生在持之以恒的学习过程中收获成功的喜悦。7、根据题目要求完成下列任务，用中文作答。任务型教学是新课标所倡导的一种教学模式。你认为这种教学模式与传统的英语教学方法在哪些方面有着明显的不同?(20分)【答案】传统的英语教学多使用3P模式，即教师先呈现新知识，学生操练巩固所学知识，最后学生运用所学知识进行交际表达。而任务型教学法是教师首先提出任务，学生执行完成任务，最后学生展示任务。二者的不同之处主要表现在以下几个方面：(1)教学的目的不同。传统教学方法注重语言知识的讲授，强调培养学生的读、写技能；而任务型教学法重视学生的情感因素，强调通过任务来实现对语言的认识和感知。它不仅要求培养听、说、读、写等多种语言技能，更强调发展英语的综合运用能力。(2)课堂情境不同。传统教学方法通常是没有情境的语言学习，学生难以将所学的知识应用到生活中去。而任务型教学法强调情境的真实性，设置的情境贴近学生的生活，鼓励学生在真实的情境中表达自己的真实情感，从而使各项语言技能在交际中得到综合提高。(3)课堂活动不同。传统教学中的各项活动均是练习某个语言项目的，教师先行讲解词汇、语法规则，然后由学生进行机械型的操练．教师的活动在整个过程中较为突出；而任务型教学的重点在于信息沟通，而不是语言形式，教学中常常是由学生先执行任务．任务结束后才由教师进行归纳性的总结，课堂上学生们的活动较为突出。(4)评价方式不同。传统型教学方法注重考查学生的记忆力，把语言知识考核的成绩作为衡量学生英语水平的主要依据。为了让学生掌握正规的语言知识和形成良好的语言习惯，对学生的错误是有错必纠，导致学生不能积极地参与课堂的语言交流活动，从而影响了学习的效果。相反，任务型教学法更注重语意的传达，对学生出现的语言错误采取宽容的态度，并寻找合适的机会给予纠正，鼓励学生大胆地运用语言表情达意，让学生在运用语言的过程中体验成功，获得自信。8、下面片段选自某高中英语课堂教学实录。T:Goodmorning,boysandgirls.Wetalkedaboutsomeverbsyesterday.NowI’dliketoseewhetheryouhavelearnedtousethem.Areyouready?Ss:Yes.T:Listen!Yesterday,youweregoingtoplayfootballafterschoolwhenitbegantorain,soyoudidn’tdoit.Canyoudescribeitwiththeword“prevent”?Whowouldliketohaveatry?S1:Wedidn’tplayfootballyesterdaybecauseasuddenrainpreventedus.T:OK.Butwouldyoupleasebeginyoursentencewith“Thesuddenrain…”?Who’dliketotry?S 2.Thesuddenrainpreventedustoplayfootballyesterday.T:Oh,youaresoquick,andyouarealmostright.Dowesay“preventsomebodytodosomething”or“preventsomebody…”S3:Oh.Thesuddenrainpreventedusfromplayingfootballyesterday.T:Perfect.Let’sreadS3’ssentencetogetherandremembertheverbpatternof“prevent”,OK?根据该教学片段回答下面四个问题：(1)该教师采取了什么方式引出复习巩固的内容？（5分）(2)当该教师发现学生没有完全掌握所学内容时，采取了什么补救方法？(5分【答案】(1)该教师采用了提问的方式引出复习巩固的内容。为了检测学生是否掌握所学动词“prevent”的用法，该教师创设了相关情境，逐步引导学生回答问题，达到使学生巩固单词、学以致用的目的。(2)该教师用的补救方法为提示法。该教师的初衷是让学生能够正确运用“preventsb.fromdoingsth．”结构，当学生未能使用此用法时，该教师用句子的开头部分“Thesuddenrain…”来提示学生说出完整的句子以达到巩固该动词用法的效果。(3)这种补救方法的两个优点：①具有启发性，能促进学生积极思考。在词汇巩固教学中，教师通过提示部分相关信息启发学生回忆所学单词的相关用法，让学生主动建构知识，使之印象更深，并且有利于培养学生的自主学习意识。②具有针对性，能节省时间，突出重点。“preventsb.fromdoingsth．”是“prevent”的重要用法。该教师带领学生巩固此用法，重点突出，针对性强，注重实效，做到了有的放矢。(4)复习巩固所教内容还可以采用的其他两种方法：①测试法。教师可以将带有“prevent”的句子改编成填空题或选择题对学生进行测试，测试结束后可带领学生朗读完整的句子．巩固“preventsb.fromdoingsth.”的用法。此方法可以加深学生对该词的记忆和理解。②对比法。教师可以让学生进行头脑风暴，想出与“prevent”相关的词组及例句，如“avoiddoingsth．，，“preventsb.fromdoingsth.”等，并对比区分不同动词的用法。该方法能够激发学生的思考、活跃学生的思维，让学生对知识点进行系统学习，达到巩固知识的目的。9、根据提供的信息和语言素材设计教学方案，用英文作答。设计任务：请阅读下面学生信息和语言素材，设计一个25分钟的阅读训练活动。教案没有固定格式.但须包含下列要点：teachingobjectivesteachingcontentskeyanddifficultpointsmajorstepsandtimeallocationactivitiesandjustifications教学时间：25分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学高中一年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《普通高中英语课程标准(实验)》五级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Franklin’sFamousKiteExperimentIntheeighteenthcentury,BenjaminFranklinconductedanumberofexperimentsinwhichheshowedwhatelectricityis.Hereishowhedescribedoneofhisexperiments.【答案】Classtype：ReadingclassTeachingContents：Franklin’sFamousKiteExperimentTeachingObjectives：(1)KnowledgeobjectiveStudentscanmasterthefollowingwords,phrasesandthesentencepatterns.①Importantwords:conduct,charge,shock,prove,tear,fasten,explain,appear②Importantphrases:doanexperiment,agreatdeal,tie...tostop...from...③Importantsentencepatterns:HavingrealizedthatIcoulduseIdecidedtodoanexperiment.(2)AbilityobjectiveStudentscanimprovetheirreadingabilitythroughreadingactivities.(3)Emotionalobjectives①Afterlearningthepassage,studentsareexpectedtoknowaboutsomefamousscientistsandtheirinventionsandtrainstudents’qualitiesofscience.②Studentswillhaveaseriousattitudetowardsscience.TeachingKeyPoints:10、设计任务：阅读下面的学生信息和语言素材。设计15分钟的英语听说教学方案。教案无固定格式，但包含以下要点：①Teachingobjectives②Teachingcontents③Keyanddifficultpoints④Majorstepsandtimeallocation⑤Activitiesandjustifications教学时间：15分钟学生概况：某城镇普通中学初中八年级学生，班级人数40人。多数学生已经达到《义务教育英语课程标准(2011年版)》三级水平。学生课堂参与积极性一般。语言素材：Helen:Hi,****.I’mmakingsomeplanstoworkinanoldpeopleshomethissummer.Tom:Really?Ididthatlastsummer!Helen:Oh,whatdidtheyaskyoutohelpoutwith?Tom:Mm...thingslikereadingthenewspapertotheoldpeople,orjusttalkingtothem.Theytoldmestoriesaboutthe****andhowthingsusedtobe.Helen:Thatsoundsinteresting.【答案】。
