2020年高考英语单项填空集锦及命题特点和解题技巧.doc

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2020年高考英语单项填空集锦及命题特点和解题技巧搜集整理：徐保国（山东郯城第一中学）一、高考单项填空命题特点：１、考点分布相对稳定、集中。英语的时态、语态、非谓语动词、名词、代词、形容词、副词、冠词、情态动词出现的频率较高，尤其要引起重视的是动词、动词补语、各种习惯表达法及交际用法。２、语言基础知识的考查不能脱离一定的语境。近年来，高考题重视考查学生的语言实践能力，将单纯的语法语言知识放置于一定的语言环境，这是近年来高考英语测试改革的一个方向，考生在做题的过程中应该树立全局观、整体观，不能顾此失彼，只注意语法知识的正确性而忽略了语境使用中的合理性。３、题干设计的新颖性。几乎每年的高考题在题干设计上都有所创新，考生在考试之前应该有相应的心理准备。在考试过程中，遇到新颖的题干不心慌，沉着、冷静地对考题加以分析。对于单项填空题，考生应该仔细分析，积极揣摩出题人的意图。也就是我们常说的做题时切忌盲目，要找准考点。这样，既增加了做题的准确性，又节约了时间。在高考前的后期复习中，考生们应对高频考点进行拉网式地认真清理，做到知识条理清楚，哪些点常考什么，要心中有数，不打无准备之仗。4、近年来其内容愈来愈贴近生活，因此考生除了复习考纲所列的词汇和语法知识，还要注意归纳英汉两种文化的差异，熟悉所学的习惯用法，提高顺应语境的能力。二、高考单项填空答题技巧、解题方法：单项填空主要考查三个方面：1、英语语法知识；2、对近义词或习惯用语的辨析；3、日常交际用语。这三个方面各有其内在规律，因此了解这些规律，掌握这些规律，就能逐渐形成答好单项填空题目的解题技巧。高考的学生要想快又准地做好单选题，必须具备下列技巧：1、题眼法："题眼"是指题干中的关键词或关键符号，它具有提示信息的作用。一旦抓住了它，就能掌握选择的依据。2、还原法：把倒装式、强调式或疑问式的题干变换为陈述句，再选就容易多了3、归类法：根据句意，把选项分组归类，缩小范围，提高做题的速度和准确性。4、推理法：根据前后文，进行逻辑推理，在四个选项都可填入的情况下，要认真阅读全句，仔细体会其语境，根据前后文，进行判断。5、排除法：对于难度较大的题，一时不知道选哪一个。这时要逐个试填，最后，选取组成最好语境的选项。1.全国卷I第二部分英语知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节单项填空（共15小题：每小题1分，满分15分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：We______last night,but we went to the concert instead.A.must have studied B.might study C.should have studied D.would study答案是C。21.—Would you like to join me for a quick lunch before class?—______,but I promised Nancy to go out with her.A.I’d like to B.I like it.C.I don’t D.I will 22.—What fruit is in season now?—Pears and apples,______.A.I know B.I think C.I see D.I feel 23.The performance______nearly three hours,but few people left the theatre early.A.covered B.reached C.played D.lasted 24.Let’s learn to use the problem we are facing_____a stepping-stone to future success.A.to B.for C.as D.by 25.The lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit______the season.A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however 26.I like getting up very early in summer.The morning air is so good______.A.to be breathed B.to breathe C.breathing D.being breathed 27.—Have you known Dr.Jackson for a long time?—Yes,since she______the Chinese Society.A.has joined B.joins C.had joined D.joined 28.You’re driving too fast.Can you drive______?A.more slowly a bit B.slowly a bit more C.a bit more slowly D.slowly more bit 29.The wet weather will continue tomorrow when a cold front______to arrive.A.is expected B.is expecting C.expects D.will be expected 30.—Which of the two computer games did you prefer?—Actually I didn’t like______.A.both of them B.either of them C.none of them D.neither of them 31.—Have you got any idea for the summer vacation?—I don’t mind where we get______there’s sun,sea and beach.A.as if B.as long as C.now that D.in order that 32.The weather was______cold that I didn’t like to leave my room.A.really B.such C.too D.so 33.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from______spoken in England.A.which B.what C.that D.the one 34.After studying in a medical college for five years,Jane______her job as a doctor in the countryside.A.set out B.took over C.took up D.set up 35.—Sorry,I made a mistake again.—______.Practice more and you’ll succeed.A.Never mind B.Certainly not C.Not at all D.Don’t mention it 21.A 22.B 23.D 24.C 25.A 26.B 27.D 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.B 32.D 33.C 34.C 35.A 2.全国卷（II）6.–Do you know Anna’s telephone number?--____.As a matter of fact,I don’t know any Anna,either.A.I think so B.I’m afraid not C.I hope so D.I’d rather not 7.A small car is big enough for a family of three____you need more space for baggage.A.once B.because C.if D.unless 8.It’s not___good idea to drive for four hours without___break.A.a;a B.the;a C.the;the D.a;the 9.–What are you reading,Tom?--I’m not really reading,just___the pages.A.turning off B.turning around C.turning over D.turning up 10.---Could I ask you a rather personal question?---Sure,____.A.pardon me B.go ahead C.good idea D.forget it 11.If the weather had been better,we could have had a picnic.But it____all day.A.rained B.rains C.has rained D.is raining 12.The director had her assistant___some hot dogs for the meeting.A.picked up B.picks up C.pick up D.picking up 13.Stand over there___you’ll be able to see the oil painting better.A.but B.till C.and D.or 14.If their marketing plans succeed,they____their sales by 20 percent.A.will increase B.have been increasing C.have increased D.would be increasing 15.Modern equipment and no smoking are two of the things I like____working here.A.with B.over C.at D.about 16.The road conditions there turned out to be very good,___was more than we could expect.A.it B.what C.which D.that 17.Liza___well not want to go on the trip---she hates traveling.A.will B.can C.must D.may 18.Little Johnny felt the bag,curious to know what it____.A.collected B.contained C.loaded D.saved 19.The house still needed a lot of work,but___the kitchen was finished.A.instead B.altogether C.at once D.at least 20.It was in New Zealand___Elizabeth first met Mr.Smith.A.that B.how C.which D.when 6.B 7.D 8.A 9.C 10.B 11.A 12.C 13.C 14.A 15.D 16.C 17.D 18.B 19.D 20.A 3.安徽卷第二部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child__________he or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever答案是B 21.The two girls are getting on very well and share_______with each other.A.little B.much C.some D none 22.-----Did you watch the basketball match yesterday?-----Yes,I did.You know,my brother________in the match.A.is playing B.was playing C.has played D.had played 23.Fred entered without knocking and,very out of breath,sank_______a chair.A.on B.off C.into D.to 24.To save some of the human languages before they are forgotten,the students in our school started a discussion“Save Our________”A.Sky B.Life C.Arts D.Voices 25.-----I have some big news for you.You’ve been accepted as a member of our club.-----_______That’s great!A.Have I?B.Pardon?C.Congratulations!D.Good idea!26.All the neighbor admire this family._________the parents are treating their child like a friend.A.why B.where C.which D.that 27.-----Hi,Mark.How was the musical evening?-----Excellent!Ales and Andy performed_________and they won the firs prize.A.skillfully B.commonly C.willingly D.nervously 28.-----Are you happy with your new computer?-----No,it is_______me a lot of trouble.A.showing B.leaving C.giving D.sparing 29.Students are always interested in finding out_______they can go with a new teacher.A.how far B.how soon C.how often D.how long 30._______in the fields on a March afternoon,he could feel the warmth of spring.A.To walk.B.Walking C.Walked D.Having walked 31.-----Do you have a minute?I’ve got something to tell you.-----Ok,______you make it short.A.now that B.if only C.so long as D.every time 32.-----Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday?-----Yes,_______,I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city.A.If ever B.If busy C.If anything D.If possible 33.I like these English songs and they________many times on the radio.A.taught B.have taught C.are taught D.have been taught 34.-----Good evening.Huangshan Hotel.-----Good evening.______________?A.Do you still have a room for tonight B.What would you like,please C.Is there anything I can do for you D.Who is that speaking,please 35.Don’t be so discouraged.If you________such feelings,you will do better next time.A.carry on B.get back C.break down D.put away 21.B 22.B 23.C 24.D 25.A 26.B 27.A 28.C 29.A 30.B 31.C 32.D 33.D 34.A 35.D 4.北京卷第一节单项填空(共15小题：每小题1分，共15分)从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例：It’s so nice to hear from her again._______.we last met more than thirty years ago.A.What’s more B.That’s to say C.In other words D.Believe it or not答案是D。21.John promised his doctor he________not smoke,and he has smoked ever since.A.might B.should C.could D.would.22.—Have you read book called Waiting for Anya?—Who_______it?A.writes B.has written C.wrote D.had written 23.—Did you return Fred’s call?—I didn’t need to____I’ll see him tomorrow.A.though B.unless C.when D.because 24.______that she was going off to sleep,I asked if she’d like that little doll on her bed.A.Seeing B.To see C.See D.Seen 25.It was hard for him to learn English in a family,in which_____of the parents spoke the language.A.none B.neither C.both D.each 26.After the long journey,the three of them went back home,______.A.hungry and tiredly B.hungry and tired C.hungrily and tiredly D.hungrily and tired 27.The hotel wasn’t particularly good.But I____in many worse hotels.A.was staying B,stayed C.would stay D.had stayed 28.I’ll give you y friend’s home address,I can be reached most evenings.A.which B.when C.whom D.where 29.No decision about any future appointment until all the candidates have been interviewed.A.will be made B.is made C.is being made D.has been made 30.The companies are working together to create they hope will be the best means of transport in the 21st century.A.which B.that C.what D.who 31.–Did the book give the information you needed?–Yes.But_____it,I had to read the entire book.A.to find B.find C.to finding D.finding 32.I feel greatly honored____into their society.A.to welcome B.welcoming C.to be welcomed D.welcomed 33.If you really have to leave during the meeting,you’d better leave____the back door.A.for B.by C.across D.out 34.I’m sorry you’ve been waiting so long,but it’ll still be some time____Brian get back.A.before B.since C.till D.after 35.It is worth considering what makes“convenience”foods so popular,and____better ones of your own.A.introduces B.to introduce C.introducing D.introduced 21.D 22.C 23.D 24.A 25.B 26.B 27.D 28.D 29.A 30.C 31.A 32.C 33.B 34.A 35.C 5.福建卷第一节单项填空（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）例：It is generally considered unwise to give a child_____be or she wants.A.however B.whatever C.whichever D.whenever答案是B。21.–How do you find your new classmates?–Most of them are kind,but____is so good to me as Bruce.A.none B.no one C.every one D.some one 22.______in the queen for half an hour,the old man suddenly realized be had left the cheque in the car.A.Waiting B.To wait C.Having Waited D.To have waited 23.A great man shows his greatness_____the way he treats little man.A.under B.with C.on D.by 24.It is usually warm in my hometown in March,but it_____be rather cold sometime.A.must B.can C.should D.would 25.So far this year we______a fall in house prices by between 5 and 10 percent.A.saw B.see C.had seen D.have seen 26.In spite of repeated wrongs done to him,he looks_____to people greeting him.A.friendly B.lively C.worried D.cold 27._____is known to us all is that the 2020 Olympic Games will take place in Beijing.A.It B.What C.As D.Which 28.Nancy enjoyed herself so much______she visited her friends in Sydney last year.A.that B.which C.when D.where 29._____a moment and I will go to your rescue.A.Go on B.Hold on C.Move to D.Carry on 30.–Who should be responsible for the accident?–The boss,not the workers.They just carried out the order_____.A.as told B.as are told C.as telling D.as they told 31.By nine o’clock,all the Olympic torch bearers had reached the top of Mount Qomolangma,____appeared a rare rainbow soon.A.of which B.on which C.from which D.above which 32.What’s the_____of having a public open space where you can’t eat,drink or even simply hang out for a while?A.sense B.matter C.case D.opinion 33.–Can those____at the back of the classroom hear me?A.seat B.sit C.seated D.sat 34.You have no idea how she finished the relay race____her foot wounded so much.A.for B.when C.with D.while 35.–Would you like to join us in the game?–_____,for I have something important to attend to.A.I will B.I’d love to C.I won’t D.I’m afraid not 21.A 22.C 23.D 24.B 25.D 26.A 27.B 28.C 29.B 30.A 31.D 32.A 33.C 34.C 35 D 6.湖北卷第一节：多项选择（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。例:To make members of a team perform better,the trainer first of all has to know their________and weaknesses.A.strengths B.benefits C.techniques D.values答案是A。