2021年广东省清远市公共英语五级(笔试)学校:________班级:________姓名:________考号:________一、1.Listening Comprehension(15题)1.Good books can decrease our contentment when we are happy and lessen our troubles when we are sad.A.True B.Fasle 2.What was the name given to the generation that came of age during the 1960s?3.A 15%～20%drop in body water can cause the blood system to fail.A.Right B.Wrong 4.Part B Directions:You will hear 3 conversations or talks and you must answer the questions by choosing A,B,C or D.You will hear the recording ONLY ONCE.听力原文：Right，everybody．Welcome to Central College library services．My name’s Kathy Jenkins．I’ll give you a brief introduction to the library．We have a well-stocked bank of resources which are located in three main places：the library itself，with books and periodicals；the self-access language centre，with audio and video material；and the micro-computer lab．I’ll start with the micro-computer lab，or micro-lab as we call it．It is fitted with 24 personal computers．If you are a member of the library，you may borrow CALL discs in French，German，Italian，Spanish and Russian as well as English．By the way，CALL stands for computer aided language learning：C-A-double L．“CALL”．for short．You may also borrow a range of word processing and desktop publishing packages．All disks are，of course，strictly for use in the micro-lab only．If you wish to print anything you should use one of the five machines around the outside of the room．Four are connected to dot matrix printers，one is connected to the laser printer．If you want a better quality printout from the laser printer，come and see me or any of the library staff．Dot-matrix printouts are free but there is a charge for using the laser printer．There is always a queue to get to the terminals towards the end of term．Come in and get to know how to use the computers early in the term and use them regularly，rather than just before exams and essay deadlines，in order to avoid delay or disappointment．Training sessions are held on a regular basis．on the first and third Thursday of each month，and are free to full-time students of the college．See you there．Now，any questions?What does the speaker suggest that the students should do during the term?A.Consult with her frequently.B.Use the computer regularly.C.Occupy the computer early.D.Walt for one’s turn patiently.5.Good books can provide us with a wide range of experiences.A.True B.Fasle 6.听力原文：The expression,"lame duck",can be heard in almost any American town or city,especially where people discuss politics.Most often,they use it to describe a politician who has come to the end of his power.There are a number of ideas as to where"lame duck"came from,though the picture of a lame duck is clear enough;a duck that has had its wings cut,or its feet injured,and can no longer walk like a healthy one.The term seems to have come into the American language after the Civil War of 1861-1865.One explanation is that it came from the language of hunters who felt that it was foolish to waste powder or time on a dead duck.And a lame duck is close to being a dead duck.Another explanation,however,is that the expression came from England.There it was used to describe a man who lost all his money and could not pay his debts.He could do nothing but walk like a lame duck.And people showed little mercy for the poor fellow.But in the United States people took the phrase to describe congressman who failed to get re-elected but still had a little time left in office.Later,the expression was used in a broader sense,generally describing any man whose days of power were coming to an end.It has often been used to describe the position of an American president in the last two years or so of his second term.It is a difficult time for him,when Congress is ready to oppose him at every turn.Where can the expression"lame duck"be heard?A.Only among hunters.B.Among primary school pupils.C.Among beautiful ladies.D.Among people who are discussing politics.7.Our human friends sometimes may make us bored,but the friends in books may also be hurt by us.A.Right B.Wrong 8.MD decides company’s policies and carries them out．A.Right B.Wrong 9.Which area of the world contributed to an increase between 94/95 and 95/96?10.With only a good book we are very likely to feel lonely.A.Right B.Wrong 11.Dr.Wilson suggests that Wang should extend his stay at the university.A.True B.Fasle 12.According to the speaker,how do some pesticides get into ponds?A.They are applied to aquatic weeds by fish farming.B.Amphibians release them from their skin.C.Irresponsible dispose of them in ponds.D.They are washed into ponds by the rain.13.Part A Directions:You will hear a talk.As you listen,answer Questions 1-10 by circling TRUE or FALSE.You will hear the talk ONLY ONCE.You now have 1 minute to read Questions 1-10.听力原文：Good morning!Um…As Managing Director of our company I’ve been asked to say a few words to you today about the way the company is organized．So what I’ve done is to make a sort of table…you know…to show how it is all arranged．It’s in your books．Can you find it?OK．Now，not all companies are organized in the same way，of course．They all have more or less the same bits and pieces．but they put them together in different ways．In fact，some Managing Directors are always changing the organization，which can be very disturbing for everybody else and sometimes causes awful hold-ups．Sometimes it’s necessary，of course．like when you start making something different or join up with another company or something．Anyway，I think the organization of my company is fairly typical，so let’s take a look at how we have organized it．At the top of the scheme，above me，is the Board of Directors．Their job is to administrate the company，make general policies，and so on．There are two kinds of directors．actually．One kind is what we call non-executive directors，which means that they are not full-time employees．They are the sort of people who have some standing in various parts of the business world and are in a position to help the company to succeed．They only appear when there are meetings of the Board，and some of them are on the boards of other companies at the same time．But the second lot of directors-the executive directors-are full-time employees of the company．Most of them are managers of our various departments．and you’ll be meeting them later．The absolute head of the company，of course．is the Chairman of the Board．He is appointed by the Board，and his job is to take the chair at meetings of the shareholders and the Board of Directors，and to represent the company’s interests at outside functions．He does not take much part in the running of the business．He leaves me to get on with the job．Mind you，not all chairmen are like that．Our last one was a real pain．always wanted everything done his own way and he kept on interfering…but anyway，that’s what the top slot in the scheme is for．Then there’s me，the Managing Director，or MD for short-as long as you don’t think I’m a doctor of medicine，ha ha…Um…Now，my job is to coordinate the policies decided by the directors and see that they are carried out．I do this through the various managers of departments-departmental managers．At the moment I’ve got six．and there are slots for them along the line underneath me in your scheme．I don’t think they are in any particular order，so we’ll start from the left and walk across．Actually．they’re all going to come and tell you about their jobs．So I’ll just say a few words．And…Right．The first one is…The speech is mainly about the organization of the company．A.Right B.Wrong 14.Why are American students usually under pressure of work?A.Because their academic performance will affect their future career in the future.B.Because they are heavily involved in student affairs.C.Because they have to observe the university discipline.D.Because they want to run for positions of authority.15.How many people depend on local rice and food in South Asia currently?A.More than 150 million people.B.Less than 150 million people.C.About 100 million people.D.About 120 million people.二、2.Use of English(10题)16.(34)17.(45)18.(38)19.【C12】20.【C2】21.(37)22.(41)23.【C16】24.【C10】25.【C15】三、3.Reading Comprehension(15题)26.(68)27.At 18,Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century.Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system(the"bubble-boy disease",named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent),she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source,in the genes of her white blood cells.It worked.Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992,she is completely healthy with normal immune function,according to one of the doctors who treated her,W.French Anderson of the University of Southern California.Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones.And the dreaming may continue for decades more."There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease,"Anderson says,"within 50 years."It’s not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson’s early success.The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend$432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005,and there is no shortage of promising leads.The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don’t cause human disease."The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse,"says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College."The cargo is the gene."At the University of Pennsylvania’s Abramsoh Cancer Center,immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection.At Cornell University,researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson’s disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children’s brain cells.At Stanford University and the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia,researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life.Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow,things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient.In human trials of the hemophilia treatment,patients show a response at first,but it fades over time.And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999,when Jesse Gelsinger,an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder,died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania.Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge.This summer,researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a"marathon mouse"by implanting a gene that enhances running ability;already,officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of"gene doping".But the principle is the same,whether you’re trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk."Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea,"says Crystal."And eventually it’s going to work."The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to______.A.show the promise of gene-therapy B.give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseases C.introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team D.explain how gene-based treatment works 28.(75)29.Part B Directions:In the following article some paragraphs have been removed.For Questions 66-70,choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A-F to fit into each of the numbered gaps.There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.In the following article some paragraphs have been removed.For Questions 66～70,choose the most suitable paragraph from the list A~F to fit into each of the numbered gaps.There is one paragraph which does not fit in any of the gaps.Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1.The press is constantly reminding us that the dramatic increase in the age of our population over the next 30 or so years will cause national healthcare systems to collapse,economies to crumple under the strain of pension demands and disintegrating families to buckle under increasing care commitments.Yet research at Oxford is beginning to expose some of the widespread myths that underlie this rhetoric.Demographic ageing is undoubtedly a reality.Life expectancy in developed countries has risen continuously over the past century,increasing the percentage of those over the age of 60 relative to those under the age of 15.By 2030 half the population of Western Europe will be over the age of 50,with a predicted average life expectancy of a further 40 years.By then,a quarter of the population will be over 65 and by 2050 the UK’s current number of 10,000 centenarians are predicted to have reached a quarter of a million.Some demographers have even suggested that half of all baby girls born in the West today will live to see the next century.66.______Indeed,if this could be achieved throughout the world,it would surely count as the success of civilization,for then we would also have conquered the killers of poverty,disease,famine and war.Decreasing mortality rates,increasing longevity and declining fertility mean smaller percentages of young people within populations.Over the past 20 years life expectancy at birth in the UK has risen by four years for men(to75)and three years for women(to 80).Meanwhile fertility rates across Europe have declined more or less continuously over the past 40 years and remain well below the levels required for European populations to be able to replace themselves without substantive immigration.But again,rather than seeing this as a doom and gloom scenario,we need to explore the positive aspects of these demographics.The next 50 years should provide us with an opportunity to enjoy the many advantages of a society with a mature population structure.67.______The first of these is the current political rhetoric which claims that health services across the Western world are collapsing under the strain of demographic ageing.68.______The second myth is the view that the ratio of workers to non-workers will become so acute that Western economies will collapse,compounded by a massive growth in pension debt.While there are undoubted concerns over current pension shortfalls,it is aiso clear that working lives will themselves change over the next few decades,with a predicted increase in flexible and part-time work and the probable extension of working life until the age of 70.Indeed,we have to recognize that we cannot expect to retire at the age of 50 and then be able to support ourselves for another 40 or so years.Neither a solid pension scheme nor savings can carry people that long.69.______A further myth is that we will all live in loose,multigenerational families,experiencing increased emotional distancing from our kin.Evidence from a variety of studies across the developed world suggests that,if anything,the modem family is actually becoming more close-knit.Work carded out by the Oxford Institute in Scandinavia and in a Pan-European Family Care Study,for example,shows that despite the influence of th 30.What can we infer from the second paragraph?A.Some families are too poor to pay the full amount of the tuition.B.The parents do not favor the form.of loans.C.Paying the tuition makes the parents feel humble.D.Those who are in great need may not get what they need.31.Part C Directions:Answer questions 71-80 by referring to the following games.Note:Answer each question by choosing A,B or C and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1.Some choices may be required more than once.Note:Answer each question by choosing A,B,C or D and mark it on ANSWER SHEET 1.Some choices may be required more than once.A=BOOK REVIEW 1 B=BOOK REVIEW 2 C=BOOK REVIEWS 3 D=BOOK REVIEW 4 Which book review(s)contain(s)the following information?Comparison of the significance of two economic books.71.______Stiglitz’s prestige in the field of economics.72.______Stiglitz’s criticism of those who exaggerated the power of markets in developing countries.73.______Policy making should consider local conditions.74.______The intervention of government is the way to assist globalization.75.______Stiglitz’s dedication to the development of poor countries.76.______Stiglitz’s preference of one type of economic policy over another one.77.______More people joined Stiglitz in criticizing free trade and globalization.78.______Stiglitz’s points have been supported by what actually happened in the country.79.______Mainly gives positive comments on Stiglitz and his new book.80.______A The main point of the book is simple:globalization is not helping many poor countries.Incomes are not rising in much of the world,and adoption of market-based policies such as open capital markets,free trade,and privatization are making developing economies less stable,not more.Instead of a bigger dose of free markets,Stiglitz argues,what’s needed to make globalization work better is more and smarter government intervention.While this has been said before,the ideas carry more weight coming from someone with Stiglitz’s credentials.In some ways,this book has the potential to be the liberal equivalent of Milton Friedman’s 1962 classic Capitalism and Freedom,which helped provide the intellectual foundation for a generation of conservatives.But Globalization and Its Discontents does not rise to the level of capitalism and freedom.While Stiglitz makes a strong case for government-oriented development policy,he ignores some key arguments in favor of the market."The book’s main villain is the International Monetary Fund,the Washington organization that lends to troubled countries",Stiglitz’contempt for the IMF is boundless,"It is clear that the IMF has failed in its mission,"he declares."Many of the policies that the IMF pushed have contributed to global instability."B While parts of this book are disappointingly shallow,Stiglitz’s critique of the market-driven 90’s still resonates,especially when the business page is full of stories about white-collar crime and the stock market seems stuck in a perpetual rut.Even the United States cannot blithely assume that financial markets will work on autopilot.It is testament to the salience of Stiglitz’s arguments that many economists—even some Bush Administration officials—now embrace his view that economic change in the developing world must evolve more with local conditions,not on Washington’s calendar.Without a thorough makeover,globalization could easily become a quagmire.Stiglitz shared a Nobel Prize last year for his work analyzing the imperfections of markets.His main complaint a-gainst Rubin and Summers,who served as Treasury Secretaries,and against Fischer,the NO.2 official and de facto chief executive of the international Monetary Fund,is that they had too much faith that markets could transform.poor countries overnight.He labels these three men market fundamentalists,who fought to maintain financial sta 32.The GTE’s example shows that______.A.efficient technology is cost-effective B.many meetings in a company are unnecessary C.many positions like that of a typist can be done away with D.it doesn’t cost much to automate the facilities of a company 33.From Dr.Dustan’s study we can infer that______.A.a low-salt diet may be prescribed for some people B.the amount of salt intake has nothing to do with one’s blood pressure C.the reduction of salt intake can cure a hypertensive patient D.an extremely low-salt diet makes no difference to anyone 34.Insurance is supposed to provide protection against financial risks,and while dying too soon is one major risk we face,another risk more and more people fear is outliving their money.As a result,a growing array of life insurance products make it possible to protect against both of those risks.In many of today’s life insurance products,MacDonald notes,"The death benefit portion really has become a commodity type product,so if someone is really concerned about the financial impact of dying young,then they can get a pretty good deal by buying term insurance on a commodity basis--find the cheapest policy and buy it."But,he says,"The other side of the coin is that insurance companies have developed products that can be very creative,and very competitive to other alternatives,including investments.They can fill a very important role in any overall investment plan."Diverse and universal policies offer people choices in how much they want to put into their policies and how they want their funds invested.These funds can then be tapped later on to provide a lump sum for purchasing a retirement home or a stream of retirement income.Life insurance is an attractive investment vehicle,because the"inside buildup",the accumulation of funds inside a policy structure,is not subject to taxes,in contrast to other personal investments.However,MacDonald and others warn against using insurance policies purely as an investment.While there are tax advantages,there are also the costs connected with the insurance coverage,and if you don’t need that coverage these can be expensive ways to invest.Moreover,MacDonald notes that some companies are offering insurance that has a critical illness or long-term care benefit.These policies specify that if someone suffers a heart attack,for example,they will get 25%of the face amount of the insurance policy immediately rather than at death.Or if they must be confined to a nursing home,they will be able to use up to the face amount of the policy to pay the nursing home costs.Amid the proliferation of insurance product,MacDonald says,"The positive side of it is there are better products--they’re cheaper and more flexible.The negative side is that it’s more complicated and easier to make a mistake.In the past,it was plain vanilla;everybody was selling the same product and everybody had to find an agent they liked.Now there has been significant changes in product structure and design,and benefits,and so it is worthwhile to shop around."The purpose of insurance is to______.A.give you money whenever you need B.protect you from financial risks C.save money D.outlive money 35.Anderson’s early success has______.A.greatly speeded the development of medicine B.brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapy C.promised a cure to every disease D.made him a national hero 36.(72)37.(67)38.(69)39.(73)40.How many stales levy import taxes in the U.S.A.?A.4.B.50.C.46.D.54.四、阅读理解(5题)41.第33题Which of the following is NOT true about the WTO?42.根据下列选项回答21～30题：第21题is the headquarter of the Supreme Court?__________43.根据下列文章回答21～25题：第21题The best title of this passage could be__________．44.第27题The arrival of the industrial age in Our historical evolution meant that__________．45.第47题tells the story about retrieving the last one of four brothers in the war?__________参考答案1.B 2.Baby Boom generation 3.A 4.B 5.A 6.D 7.B 8.B 9.South(and)East Asia/S(+)E Asia/(NOT South-east Asia)South(and)East Asia/S(+)E Asia/(NOT South-east Asia)10.B 11.B 12.D 13.A 14.A 15.A 16.forfor解析：解析见上题。desire后面用介词for。故答案为for，表示“…的欲望”。17.whosewhose解析：这是一个后置定语从句，用whose来引导，表示mind与dreamer的所属关系。故答案为whose。18.ofof解析：be of the same…意为“是一样…”，此句意为“…在正确的指导下，他们能继续学习，继续通过干许多一样复杂的工作而获得多样性。”19.therebythereby解析：本句句意为“我们也正在污染海洋，杀死了鱼类，…剥夺了我们那无价的食物供应。”显然，此空前后为因果关系，而且depriving前不能用so或其他表因果关系的连词，而只能用介词thereby。20.acrossacross解析：get across意为“使(观点等)被理解或接受，讲清自己的意思”，此句意为“给他们讲清巨大的成功不会轻易、快速地到来很重要。”21.oftenoften解析：本句话的意思是“那些自我感觉很了不起、内心充满骄傲的人，总是不需要理由的就被人认为是趾高气扬的人。”故这里答案为often。22.areare解析：分析句子结构，这里缺少系动词be来构成动词的被动形式。故答案为are。23.referencereference解析：这三个分词短语意为“执行日常运算、挖掘…材料、操作再生产设备”。显然，“参考材料”最合适。24.knowledgeknowledge解析：前面讲商家正确的分析市场的供需信息，知道是什么因素影响顾客的购买欲望。这就是他们利用的信息知识。故答案为knowledge。25.disposedispose解析：由前一句“但是这个问题因为我们的“一次性”技术而加剧了。”可知，此处应为“丢掉，扔掉”之意，即dispose of。26.AA解析：由此空上下文可以看出，A填入使上下两段意思衔接。27.A解析：文章第一句话对用基因疗法治疗Ashanthi所患罕见疾病的成功给与了很高的评价，并在第一段未指出医生们对基因疗法寄予了极高的期望。因此正确答案为A。28.A解析：书评一中“Stiglitz argues，what’s needed to make globalization work better is more and smarter government intervention．”这句话我们可以看出。所以本题应选A。29.EE解析：第一段引出了人们对未来的担心，认为老龄化将会带来各种问题。第三段是对老龄化社会的肯定，认为这是文明发展的成果。“myth”一词含有杜撰的意思。一些人的担心是多余的。E起到承上启下的作用。30.D解析：原文对应信息是：“Eager to boost their magazine rankings，which are based in part on the test scores of entering freshmen．they’re throwing more aid at smarter kids——whether they need it or not．”该句话说明“学校为了提高其杂志排名，就给那些比较聪明的孩子经济上给予较大的帮助，不管他们需不需要帮助”。由此可以看出，急需帮助的学生并不一定就能获得帮助。所以A、B、C均不符合题意。所以本题应选D。31.A解析：“Comparison of the significance of two economic books”含有对两本经济书的对比信息的，我们可以看出四个书评中只有A．中提到了两本书之间的关系。所以本题应选A。32.A解析：由第三段中所举的GTE的例子可知“efficient technology is cost-effective”。33.D解析：由短文第二段中的“…showed that those with normal blood pressure underwent no change at all when placed on an extremely low—salt diet，…”可知。34.B解析：由文章第一段第一句“Insurance is supposed to provide protection against financial risks…”可知。35.B解析：文章第二段一开头就说：“It’s not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson’s early success．”从时间上来看，Anderson采用基因疗法的成功尝试已经是1990年的事情了，两相对照，可见他的成功没有让医学加速发展。因此正确答案为B。36.A解析：由A中第三段中“The unpopular architecture has led to the area being called the Milton Keynes of London”，A中多处提到Rotherhithe的建筑风格很老套。所以此处答案为A。37.AA解析：由此空的上下两段可以得到答案。上段说的如何去看人的两种方法，而后面的一段接着说的地点问题。所以这里的“depending on where the meeting takes place.”符合句意，故应选A。38.AA解析：第二个“myth”是担心人口老龄化会使工作人员越来越少。研究中心人员提出应该给年长的人提供各种培训机会。A中“Our studies show that there are benefits from having an age-integrated workforce．”说“研究表明不同年龄段的劳动力的融合也会有许多好处”。39.A解析：由A中的第一段“Washington，the capital of the United States，is in Washington D.C.”可知答案为A。40.C解析：由短文倒数第二段可知美国只有四个州没有import taxes。美国一共50个州，所以应该有46个有import taxes。41.A由短文第四段中的“There still remain a number of problems that need to be resolved before international trade in services can be completely liberalized…．”可知A错误，而B、C、D短文中均提到了。42.AA华盛顿，美国的首府，位于华盛顿哥伦比亚特区。城市人口大约80万。面积69平方公里。华盛顿是根据第一任总统乔治·华盛顿的名字命名的。城市建于1800年，但是在1812年战争中被毁坏。华盛顿是联邦法制各系统的总部。除了政府大楼，还有很多别的有名建筑。B纽约．位于纽约州，美国最大的城市以及主要的港口城市。人口大约有7百万。早在1524年，这里就作为港口城市被荷兰人称为新阿姆斯特丹。1664年英国人接管，并改名为纽约。独立战争期间，纽约起了重要的作用，直到1790年，它还是国家的首府。纽约是世界上最忙碌的港口之一，同时也是美国金融、工业以及旅游业中心城市。城市中还有很多出名的地方。C芝加哥，美国人口第二大城市，位于密西根湖的西南角，美国最大的工业城市。重工业轻工业都很发达。黑色冶金业以及肉产品加工业堪称美国之首。芝加哥工人具有光荣的革命传统。早在1886年5月1日数以千万的工人就为争取八小时工作制而努力，从此国家劳动节便诞生了。D洛杉矶，位于加州太平洋海岸，是航运、工业以及交流的重要中心。1542年被西班牙探险家发现，1864年由美国接管。洛杉矶的飞机以及零部件生产居国内前茅，因此成为航空中心。同时由于第一部美国电影在这里拍摄，洛杉矶又被成为电影之都。这里的好菜坞电影基地，也是世界出名的电影制作中心。答案解析:由A中的第三段“Washington is the headquarters of all the branches of the American federal system：Congress，the Supreme Court and the Presidency．”可知答案为A。43.C21世纪刚刚开始。美国的一些领导人就强调美国除了原先的价值观念以外。必须树立一些新的价值观，尤其是保护自然资源的价值观。虽然在这方面取得了一定的进展，但是当这些观念与个人的利益发生冲突时，他们就只会保障自己的利益。同时，美国人应该强调合作意识，尤其涉及到国家整体利益的时候。但是对个人自由的追求以及强烈的竞争意识使得国家利益很难通过全民合作来实现。答案解析：文章开始就提出“What new values should Americans adopt?”指出美国人应该具有什么样的价值观念。接着作者列出了自己的观点，所以整个文章是围绕着“价值观念”的论点展开。故应选C。44.C由短文第三段中“The industrial age may now be coming to an end，and some of the changes in work patterns which it brought may have to be reversed．”可知。45.B由B中的第二段最后几句话“Miller is ordered to take his squad behind enemy lines on a dangerous mission to find and retrieve one man：Private James Ryan．”可知。
