湖南省永州市小金洞乡中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析.docx

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湖南省永州市小金洞乡中学2022-2023学年高三英语下学期期末试卷含解析一、选择题1.-Why didn’t you come to Mike’s birthday party yesterday?-Well.I_______.but I forgot it.A.should B.must C.should have D.must have参考答案：C 2.The reason___he can’t come is______he has to work late.A.because;that B.that;that C.why;that D.why;because参考答案：C略3.Thanks to Mr.Smith the father and the son eventually________after ten years’cold relationship between them.A．took up B．made up C．looked up D．turned up参考答案：B 19.We left the small town,_____clearly_____no need to stay.A.it;was B.it;being C.there;was D.there;being参考答案：D略5.—How is the girl who was injured in the car accident?—Her injuries are extremely serious,but she is expected to.A．pull in B．pull through C．pull up D．pull over参考答案：B 6.Most Chinese carmakers are years behind their western counterparts(对手)_______quality,technology and service.A.in terms of B.in need of C.in favor of D.in praise of参考答案：A 7.His contribution to the country was never officially____,which made all of us feel discouraged.A.acknowledged B.appealed C.recommended D.evaluated参考答案：A略8.You can’t imagine what great trouble the doctor had______the patient.A.treat B.treating C.to treat D.treated参考答案：B 9.Tell good stories to little children you may open up their mind to different cultures．A．which B．and C．so D．that参考答案：B 10.—An unexpected hurricane swept through the western part of the country last night,killing 12 and left another 25 missing.—Yes,_________news came as__________shock to us all.A.the;the B./;/C./;a D.the;a参考答案：D 11."The interest be divided into five parts,according to the agreement made by both sides,"declared the judge.A.may B.should C.must D.shall参考答案：D 12.______properly,a car can be used for many years.A.Maintained B.Maintaining C.To be maintained D.To maintain参考答案：A 13.Our health is_______we make of it—give it attention and it improves;give it none and it weakens.A.what B.whether C.how D.who参考答案：A 14.Some of the rubbish,such as food,paper and iron,_____away over a long period of time．A.rot B.rots C.is rotting D.are rotted参考答案：B 12.—Will Thursday or Friday you?—Either will.A．fit;be B．match;work C．agree;help D．suit;do参考答案：D略16.It is unbelievable that your sister______French so quickly---she only lived there for 3 months.A.made up B.picked up C.set up D.put up参考答案：B 17.I was ill that day.Otherwise,I________the meeting.(原创)A.should attend B.could attend C.would have attended D.must have attended参考答案：C略二、新的题型18.Have you ever noticed how terrible weather seems to drag your spirits down?___16___But there are various things you can do to keep your spirits up until spring.?___17___A snowy,icy,cold,or rainy world can be beautiful and often has sounds and smells of its own.If you’re an artist,or photographer,winter provides a great deal of inspiration and different color1 s to work with.Even if you don’t feel that creative,simply watching a winter scene from the comfort of your home can be a pleasant way to relax and enjoy the peace.?Take part in winter activities.___18___If you’re a beginner to these snow sports,try learning in areas where you won’t be worried about more experienced people crowding you out.Local parks are ideal starting points to encourage you to get out and give new winter sports a go.?___19___Winter comes with the shortest days and lowest light of the year.Go out if you can.If you can’t,or if you’re so far from the equator as to have little or no daylight,use bright lights and perhaps light or white walls.?Stay active.As much as possible,get yourself outside.Take at least a short walk.If the weather does not permit,move around inside.Walk up and down your stairs if you have them.___20___It also regulates such things as sleep and diet.Move around at least a bit each day.A.Go out.B.Brighten up.C.Find things to enjoy about winter.D.Enjoy skiing,sledding,or ice-skating.E.There’s nothing you can do about the weather.F.Making snowmen is a fun activity for both kids and adults.G.Exercise gets your body temperature up and your blood flowing.参考答案：16.E 17.C 18.D 19.B 20.G本文作者针对冬天如何让自己的心情愉快这一问题，给出了自己的建议。16.语义理解题。Have you ever noticed how terrible weather seems to drag your spirits down?和But there are various things you can do to keep your spirits up until spring.讲了天气和心情的关系，故选E。（对于天气，你无能为力。）17.语义理解题。A snowy,icy,cold,or rainy world can be beautiful and often has sounds and smells of its own.If you’re an artist,or photographer,winter provides a great deal of inspiration and different color1 s to work with.Even if you don’t feel that creative,simply watching a winter scene from the comfort of your home can be a pleasant way to relax and enjoy the peace.这一段主要讲了冬天可以做的一些有趣的事情，选C。（找一些可以享受冬天的事情。）18.语义理解题。If you’re a beginner to these snow sports,try learning in areas where you won’t be worried about more experienced people crowding you out.这里提到了一些雪上的活动，故选D。（玩滑雪、雪橇或是滑冰。）19.语义理解题。Winter comes with the shortest days and lowest light of the year.Go out if you can.If you can’t,or if you’re so far from the equator as to have little or no daylight,use bright lights and perhaps light or white walls.这一段落讲了用明亮的灯或是白色的墙，使周围的环境变得明亮起来，选B。20.语义理解题。It also regulates such things as sleep and diet.这里提到了运动的好处，故选G。（运动使你的体温上升，血液流动。）三、阅读理解19.A scientist working at her lab bench and a six-old baby playing with his food might seem to have little in common.After all,the scientist is engaged in serious research to uncover the very nature of the physical world,and the baby is,well,just playing…right?Perhaps,but some developmental psychologists have argued that this“play”is more like a scientific investigation than one might think.Take a closer look at the baby playing at the table.Each time the bowl of rice is pushed over the table edge,it falls in the ground---and,in the process,it belongs out important evidence about how physical objects interact;bowls of rice do not flood in mid-sit,but require support to remain stable.It is likely that babies are not born knowing the basic fact of the universe;nor are they ever clearly taught it.Instead,babies may form an understanding of object support through repeated experiments and then build on this knowledge to learn even more about how objects interact.Though their ranges and tools differ,the baby’s investigation and the scientist’s experiment appear to share the same aim(to learn about the natural world),overall approach(gathering direct evidence from the world),and logic(are my observations what I expected?).Some psychologists suggest that young children learn about more than just the physical world in this way---that they investigate human psychology and the rules of language using similar means.For example,it may only be through repeated experiments,evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory,that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has.for example,unlike the child,Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.Viewing childhood development as a scientific investigation throws on how children learn,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.Why do young children and scientists seem to be so much alike?Psychologists have suggested that science as an effort---the desire to explore,explain,and understand our world---is simply something that comes from our babyhood.Perhaps evolution provided human babies with curiosity and a natural drive to explain their worlds,and adult scientists simply make use of the same drive that served them as children.The same cognitive systems that make young children feel good about feel good about figuring something out may have been adopted by adult scientists.As some psychologists put it,”It is not that children are little scientists but that scientists are big children.”51.According to some developmental psychologists A.a baby’s play is nothing more than a game.B.scientific research into babies;games is possible C.the nature of babies’play has been thoroughly investigated D.a baby’s play is somehow similar to a scientist’s experiment 52.We learn from Paragraph 2 that A.scientists and babies seem to observe the world differently B.scientists and babies often interact with each other C.babies are born with the knowledge of object support D.babies seem to collect evidence just as scientists do 53.Children may learn the rules of language by A.exploring the physical world B.investigating human psychology C.repeating their own experiments D.observing their parents’behaviors 54.What is themain idea of the last paragraph?A.The world may be more clearly explained through children’s play.B.Studying babies’play may lead to a better understanding of science.C.Children may have greater ability to figure out things than scientists.D.One’s drive for scientific research may become stronger as he grows.55.What is the author’s tone when he discusses the connection between scientists’research and babies’play?A.Convincing.B.Confused.C.Confidence.D.Cautious.参考答案：51.D 52.D 53.C 54.B 55.D试题分析：【语篇解读】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有共同之处。【此处有视频，请去附件查看】【51题详解】根据文章第一段的but some developmental psychologists(心理学家)have argued that this“play”is more like a scientific investigation than one might think可知，心理学家觉得孩子的玩耍和科学家的研究有些相似，故选D。考点：考查细节理解。【52题详解】根据文章第二段的overall approach(gathering direct evidence from the world)可知孩子也会像科学家一样收集证据，故选D。考点：考查细节理解。【53题详解】根据文章第三段的“For example,it may only be through repeated experiments,evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory”可知，孩子可以通过重复自己的实验来学习语言的规律，故选C。考点：考查细节理解。【54题详解】根据最后一段的“Viewing childhood development as ascientific investigation throws light on how children learn,but it also offers an inspiring look at science and scientists.”可知，研究孩子可以让人们更好地了解科学，故选B。考点：考查细节理解。【55题详解】根据作者在文中的用词appear to、用may来弱化绝对性的表达及通过引用其他人的观点some psychologist suggestthat可知，作者的语气是谨慎的。故选D。考点：考查推理判断。【名师点睛】阅读理解有时理解文章中的长难句是关键，理解不了这些句子就很难理解文章的大意。下面我们分析一下这篇文章中的长句。句子1：It is likely that babies are not born knowing this basic fact of the universe;nor are they ever clearly taught it.这句话使用分号连接两个并列分句，前面的分句使用It is likely that…这个句型，现在分词短语knowing…作伴随状语；后面的分句是“nor+倒装句”结构。句意：可能婴儿不是一生下来就知道宇宙的这一基本事实，他们也没有被清楚地教过。句子2：For example,it may only be through repeated experiments,evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory,that a baby will come to accept the idea that other people can have different views and desires from what he or she has,for example,unlike the child,Mommy actually doesn’t like Dove chocolate.这句话使用了强调句，强调的是through repeated experiments,evidence gathering,and finally overturning a theory，这部分比较长，考生可能没有注意到这个句式。主干部分中idea后面是同位语从句，from后面的what he or she has是宾语从句。句意：例如，可能只是通过反复实验，收集证据，并最终推翻一个理论，一个婴儿就会接受其他人可以和他/她持有不同的意见和愿望这一观点。例如，和孩子不同，妈妈实际上并不喜欢德芙巧克力。