宾语补足语简述1.概念：在英语中有些及物动词，接了宾语意义仍不完整，还需要有1个其他的，来补充说明宾语的意义、状态等，称为宾语补足语，简称宾补，在英语中极为重要。比如说：I heard Jean singing this morning.句子中的“Jean”显然是宾语。但是I听到的并不是“Jean”，而是“Jean singing”.“singing”是句子中的宾语补足语。它和宾语之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，也就是说从逻辑上来讲，是“Jean”执行了“singing”的动作。句子中的“singing”是现在分词做宾语补足语。能够充当宾补的还有宾语补足语的大致有：，，，，，等。一般情况下，宾补通常紧跟在宾语之后。例：I find learning English difficult.“difficult”是形容词作宾补。2.宾语补足语的几种类型：2.1名词（包括名词性物主代词）作宾语补足语。如：I can’t understand why people elected her Monitor我不明白人们为什么选他当班长。
In 1849,he went to England and made London the base for his revolutionary work.
在1849年，他去了英国并把伦敦作为他从事革命工作的基地。
2.2形容词极其短语作宾语补足语。如：Please keep the windows open.We need more fresh air.
请让窗户开着，我们需要更多的新鲜空气。
Your hair is too long.Go to the Barber’s and cut it short.
你的头发太长了，去理发店剪短些。
2.3不定式极其短语做宾语补足语。如：I often ask him to help me with my English.我经常让他帮助我学习英语。
I heard him sing songs in the next room last night我昨天晚上听见他在隔壁房间唱歌了。.
注：下列动词后的不定式作宾补时省略to:①感feel②听listen to,hear③让let,make,have④看see,watch,observe,notice如：I can’t have you say so.我不能让你这么说。
You should try your best to make him understand that.
你应该尽量让他明白那件事。
We observed the students do the physics experiment.我们观察了学生做物理实验。
2.4现在分词极其短语做宾语补足语。如：I caught her stealing in the bookshop.我当场抓住她在书店行窃。
We often hear him practicing speaking English.
我们经常听见他练习说英语。
2.5过去分词极其短语作宾语补足语。如：When they got there,they found the bank robbed.
当他们到达那儿的时候，他们发现银行被抢了。
The teacher spoke loudly in order to make himself heard.
为了让别人听到，这位老师说话声音很大。
不定式做宾语补足语表示动作的过程，现在分词做宾语补足语表示宾语正在进行的动作，过去分词做宾语补足语表示动作的完成，有时含有被动意义。
2.6用as引出宾语补足语。如：We consider him as a great scientist.我们认为他是个伟大的科学家。
Marx took English as a useful tool in the struggle of life.
马克思把英语当作人生斗争中的有用武器。
2.7介词短语作宾语补足语。如：Please make yourself at home.请随便一点。
The cold kept me in bed for three days.这次感冒使我在床上呆了三天。
2.8副词作宾语补足语。如：He ordered them away.他命令他们离开。
When we got there,we found him out当我们到达那儿的时候，发现他出去了。
2.9从句作宾语补足语。如：We will soon make our school what your school is now.
我们不久就要把我们的学校变成你们学校目前的样子。
The animal has its own name.You can not call it what you will.
这个动物有自己的名字，你不能随便称呼它。
注：当宾语为动词不定式、动词-ing结构或宾语从句并有宾补时，常用it做形式宾语，放在宾语补足语之前。如：They found it impossible to finish the work in such a short time.(后面不定式为真正宾语)他们觉得不可能在这么短的时间内完成这项工作。
I find it no use arguing with him.（后面的动名词为真正宾语）我发现和他争吵没有用。
His parents thought it strange that their son hadn’t written to them for too long.
父母认为他们的儿子好久没给他们写信了，这很奇怪。
同学们只要在平时的学习当中多留意一下宾语补足语这一结构，即“主语＋谓语＋宾语＋宾语补足语”，那么无论是在写作或翻译句子当中，都会运用自如。宾语补足语练习题1.The manager discussed the plan that they would like to see______the next year.(NMET2000)A.carry out B.carrying out C.carried out D.to carry out 2.----There’s a hole in your bag.----I know,I’m going to have it_____.A.mend B.mending C.mended D.to be mended 3.Though he had often made his little sister____,today he was made____by his little sister.A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry 4.They would not allow him_____across the enemy line.A.to risk going B.risking to go C.for risk to go D.risk going 5.I found the door_____when I got home.A.opened B.close C.unlocking D.open 6.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him___.A.not to B.not to do C.not do D.do not to 7.I couldn’t do my homework with all that noise____.A.going on B.goes on C.went on D.to go on 8.With a lot of difficult problems_____,the newly-elected president is having a hard time.A.settledB.settlingC.to settleD.being settled 9.I advised_____at once.A.him to starting B.him to start C.to starting D.to start 10.When I put my hand on his chest,I could feel his heart still____.A.beat B.to be beating C.beating D.was beating 11.You had better get a doctor_____your bad tooth.A.pull out B.to pull out C.pulled out D.pulling out 12.He managed to make himself with his____English.A.understand;breaking B.understand;broken B.C.understood;breaking D.understood;broken 13.The doctor asked him not to leave his wound______.A.expose B.exposed C.to expose D.exposing 14.They are going to have the service man____an electric fan in the office tomorrow.A.install B.to install C.to be installed D.installed 15.After a few rounds of talks,both sides regarded the territory dispute______.A.being settled B.to be settled C.had settled D.as settled 16.You will see this product____wherever you go.A.to be advertised B.advertised C.advertise D.advertising 17.His remarks left me_____about his real purpose.A.wondered B.wonder C.to wonder D.wondering 18.When I caught him______me I stopped buying things there and started dealing with another shop.A.cheating B.cheat C.to cheat D.to be cheating 19.Though he had often made his little sister____,today he was made____by his little sister.A.cry;to cry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.to cry;cry 20.Did you intend us___the new method?A.using B.to use C.using D.are using 21.The teacher encouraged us______good compositions.A.Writing B.written C.to write D.is writing 22.The boy wanted to ride his bicycle in the street,but his mother told him______.
A.not to B.not to do C.not do it D.do not to 23.Mrs.Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had_______went wrong again.A.it B.it repaired C.repaired D.to be repaired 24.With a lot of difficult problems_____,the newly—elected president is having a hard time.A.settled B.settling C.to settle D.being settled 25.With trees,flowers and grass_____everywhere,my native town had taken on a new look.A.planting B.planted C.to plant D.to be planted 26.She was glad to see her child well_____care of.A.take B.to be taken C.taken D.taking 27.The result of the entrance exams was not made_____to the public until last Thursday.A.knowing B.known C.to know D.to be known 28.I can make you_____what I say,but you can’t make yourself____in English.A.understand;understand B.understand,understood C to understand,understand D.understand;to be understood 29.He found them____at a table_____.A.sat;to play chess B.sitting;to play chess C.seated;playing chess D.seat;play the chess 30.John rushed out in a hurry,___the door_____.A.leaving;unlocked B.leaving;unlocking C.left;unlocked D.to leave;unlocking 31.We are pleased to see the problem___so quickly.A.settled B.settling C.be settled D.having been settled 32.I could feel the wind___on my face from an open window.A.to blow B.blowing C.to be blowing D.blown 33.____production up by 60%,the company has had another excellent year.A.AsB.For C.WithD.Through 34.____everything____,she left the supermarket with satisfaction.A.As,buying B.For,to buy C.With,bought D.Because,to buy 35.Don’t leave the water____while you brush your teeth.(天津2004)A.run B.running C.being run D.to run 36.He looked around and caught a man___his hand into the pocket of a passenger.A.put B.to be putting C.to put D.putting 37.Laws that punish parents for their little children’s actions against the laws get parents_______.(重庆2004)A.worried B.to worry C.worrying D.worry 38.The teacher asked us_____so much noise.(北京2003)A.don’t make B.not make C.not making D.not to make 39.An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered____clear warnings before firing any shots.(上海2003)A.to issue B.being issued C.to have issued D.to be issued 40.－Good morning.Can I help you?－I’d like to have this package__,Madame.A.be weighed B.to be weighed C.to weigh D.weighed 41.Father will not__us to use his recorders.A.have B.let C.agree D.allow 42.John was made__the truck for a week as punishment.
