裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记-第25课(共10页).doc

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Lesson 25 Do the English speak English?英国人讲的是英语吗？Why does the writer not understand the porter?I arrived in London at last.The railway station was big,black and dark.I did not know the way to my hotel,so I asked a porter.I not only spoke English very carefully,but very clearly as well.The porter,however,could not understand me.I repeated my question several times and at last he understood.he answered me,but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.’I am a foreigner,’I said.Then he spoke slowly,but I could not understand him.My teacher never spoke English like that!The porter and I looked at each other and smiled.Then he said something and I understood it.’You’ll soon learn English!’he said.I wonder.In England,each person speaks a different language.The English understand each other,but I don’t understand them!Do they speak English?参考译文我终于到了伦敦。火车站很大，又黑又暗。我不知道去饭店的路该怎么走，于是向一个搬运工打听。我的英语讲得不但非常认真，而且咬字也非常清楚。然而搬运工却不明白我的话。我把问话重复了很多遍。他终于听懂了。他回答了，但他讲得既不慢也不清楚。“我是个外国人，”我说。于是他说得慢了，可我还是听不懂。我的老师从来不那样讲英语！我和搬运工相视一笑。接着，他说了点什么，这回我听懂了。“您会很快学会英语的！”他说。我感到奇怪。在英国，人们各自说着一种不同的语言。英国人之间相互听得懂，可我却不懂他们的话！他们说的是英语吗？【New words and expressions】（5）1[’reilwei]n.铁路2[’pɔ:tə]n.搬运工3[’sevərəl]几个4[’fɔrinə]n.外国人5[’wʌndə]v.感到奇怪一．单词讲解：railway n.铁路，铁道[U](Br.)/railroad(Am.)a line of railway一条铁路railway station火车站railway n.轨道(pl.)[C]eg.The railway was opened to traffic last year.这条铁路是去年通车的。high level railway高架铁路表示“地铁”的词汇：subway[’sʌbwei](Am.)tube[tju:b](Br.)underground(Br.)metro[’metrəu](Paris)地铁rail n.横杆，扶手，围栏，轨道jump rail出轨stair rails楼梯扶手ride the rails逃票乘火车sit on the rails(Am.)骑墙，保持中立railing n.栏杆iron-bar railing铁栏杆porter n.搬运工，脚夫（在车站，机场，旅馆等处的）bellboy/pageboy(Am.)旅馆，俱乐部等通常穿制服的男服务员port n.港，口岸clear a port出港close a port封港reach a port/enter a port入港eg.Many ships frequent the port.许多船只常来此港。eg.Any port in a storm.慌不择路，穷途之策。（谚）several 1)more than three but fewer than many一些，几个eg.Several more people than usual came to the concert.来音乐会的人比平常多了几个。eg.I repeated my questions several times.我把问题重复了几遍。2)各自的，各个的（文）eg.Several men,several minds.人各有志；10个人有10个样。（谚）foreigner n.外国人a blue-eyed foreigner一个蓝眼睛的外国人entertain foreigners款待外宾entertain[,entə’tein]vt.&vi.款待,招待foreign[’fɔrin]adj.外国的，无关的，陌生的foreign language foreign goods外国货foreign students留学生foreign affairs外交事务foreign policy外交政策foreign trade外贸eg.The question is foreign to the matter in hand.这问题与处理中的事情无关。eg.The subject is foreign to us.我们对这个问题很陌生。overseas/oversea adj.在海外的，来自海外的，侨居海外的overseas trade海外贸易adv.在海外，来自海外go overseas到海外去，adj.+er→n.strange→stranger foreign→foreigner wonder n./v.1)n.奇迹the seven wonders of the world世界七大奇迹eg.What a wonder.真奇妙！eg.It is a wonder that he survived the plane crash.他在空难中幸存下来，真是个奇迹。and no wonder/and little wonder（用来强调前面的句子）不足为奇，难怪eg.He declined our offer,and no wonder.难怪他拒绝了我们的给予。decline[di’klain]vt.&vi.辞谢;谢绝(邀请等)a nine-day wonder一时的轰动No wonder that…/It is no wonder that…难怪…eg.No wonder you were late!难怪你来晚了。2)v.感到惊奇、惊讶wonder at sth对某事感到惊奇eg.We wonder at the speed of modern trains.我们对现代火车的速度感到惊奇。接宾语从句：eg.I wonder that you weren’t killed.真奇怪，你居然没有被杀死。3.v.对某事感到好奇，想知道ask oneself questions eg.I wonder who he is.我真想知道他是谁。eg.I wonder whether you can lend me￡20.我想知道你是否能借给我20英镑。wonderful adj.令人惊奇的，绝妙的，神奇的（口）eg.She is a wonderful mother.她是位伟大的母亲。eg.She is a wonderful wife.她是位极出色的妻子。eg.The weather is wonderful.天气棒极了。eg.The teacher is wonderful.这位老师非常好。eg.The enthusiasm to study English is wonderful.这种学习英语的热情是极棒的。enthusiasm[in’θju:ziæzəm]n.热情,热心；巨大兴趣,热衷的事物二、关键句型Key Structures并列句如果句子包含有两个或更多互不依从的主谓结构，就是并列句。并列句中的分句通常用连词来连接，常用的连词有：and,but,so,yet,or,both...and,either…or,neither…nor,not only...but also,not only...but...as well and前后是顺承关系but前后是转折关系so因果关系yet转折关系or表示否则的意思both...and不但...而且...either...or或者A或者B neither...nor既不...也不...not only...but also不但...而且...not only...but...as well不但...而且...1)The camera-work is perfect and the cast is good.电影拍摄非常棒而且演员也非常出色。2)Honey is sweet,but the bee stings.(谚)玫瑰虽香但刺却扎人。sting v.蛰，刺3)Xiao Wang is coming here tomorrow,too,so you might as well come with her.小王明天也来，所以你来时跟她一块来吧。4)We must redouble our efforts,or we’ll never be able to catch up with the others.我们必须加倍努力，否则我们永远不可能追上别人。5)Both he and工teach English.他和我都教英语He teaches both English and French.。他既教英语又教法语。6)Either you or I must tell him.He plays either soccer or rugby.或者是你或者是我必须告诉他。他踢英式足球或者是橄榄球。（前半句连接并列的主语，后半句连接并列的宾语。）7)Neither he nor工speak English.他和我都不讲英语。He can neither read nor writer.他既不能读也不能写。He speaks neither English nor French.他既不讲英语也不讲法语。Neither...nor连接并列的宾语成分。8)You must not only wash the dishes but sweep the floor as well.你不但要洗碗而且要扫地。not only...but as well连接并列的被动语成分通过以上的例句我们总结出来：both...and，either...or，neither...nor以及not only...but also在句中连接的是并列的成分。Exercise并列旬用括号里的词将两个句子连接起来1)I did not know the way to my hotel.I asked a porter.(so)...I did not know the way to my hotel so I asked a porter.我不认识去旅馆的路，所以我问了一个搬运工。2)I repeated my question several times.At last he understood.(and)我把问题重复了几遍，最后他懂得了。—I repeat my question several times and at last he understood.3)I spoke English very carefully.I spoke very clearly.我讲英语非常小心，我讲英语非常清楚。>I spoke English not only very carefully but very clearly as well.4)He answered me.He did not speak slowly.He did not speak clearly.(but...neither...nor)他回答我了，他讲话既不慢也不清楚。>He answered me but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.5)I knocked at the door.He didn’t open it.(but)我敲了门，他不开。一>I knocked at the door but he didn’t open it.6)He went on holiday.I went on holiday.(both...and)他去度假了。我去度假了。>Both he and工went on holiday.他和我都去度假了。7)He must be mad.He must be very wise.(either...or)他一定是疯了。他一定是聪明的。一>He must be either mad or very wise.他或者是疯了，或者是聪明的。三、课文讲解Text I arrived in London at last.(arrive in到达（大地方）arrive at到达（小地方）get to reach vt.到达at last终于，到底（强调努力的结果）eg.At last,he succeeded in business.终于，他生意上成功了。in the end表示一种结局，结果eg.We talked and talked about where to go,but stayed at home in the end.我们不停地讨论去哪儿，但结果还是呆在家里。finally通常用于句首，次序上的最后firstly,secondly,finally首先，其次，最后eg.Finally,he thanked them and took his leave.首先他表示感谢，然后离开。I arrive in London at last.The railway station was big,black and dark.用三个形容词对火车站进行简单的描述。The railway station was big，black and dark.这一句交代了作者问路的必要，从而引起下文的幽默故事。big更口语化，多用于指体积、重量、规模、程度方面的大large指宽度、数量之大，一般可互换a big building/a large building此外，用large表示巨大的事物，带有敬畏的感情色彩eg.He has large hands.black adj.1)黑色的→white 2)发黑的，污染的eg.Your hands are black.你的手脏了。3)黑皮肤的black coffee纯咖啡4)不祥的black Friday黑色星期五5)黑暗的(dark)black and blue青一块紫一块go black失去知觉，眼前一黑in the black有盈余→in the red赤字black eye黑眼圈Swear the black is white.颠倒黑白，指鹿为马dark adj.1)黑暗的←→light eg.The sky has turned quite dark.天空变得非常黑暗。2)皮肤黝黑的←→fair 3)深色的←→light dark blue深蓝色还可指眼睛、头发等很黑的4)阴暗的，忧郁的dark expression忧郁的表情in the dark在暗处eg.A cat can see in the dark.猫在黑暗中也能看见。in the dark秘密地，一无所知地keep a plan in the dark保持计划的秘密性dark horse不明实力的马，竞赛中实力不明但被认为可能获胜的人the Dark Ages黑暗的时代——欧洲中世纪知识艺术水平衰退而有此称darken v.变黑，发暗eg.Never darken my door again.别再跨进我家门槛。The railway station was big,black and dark.I did not know the way to my hotel,so I asked a porter.the way to my hotel to是介词，可以加名词、动名词或代词作介词的宾语the way to my hotel去旅馆的路the key to the door这扇门的钥匙the answer to the question这个问题的答案the entrance to the building这幢楼的入口当表示由此及彼的关系用“to”表达。so表示前后是因果关系I not only spoke English very carefully,but very clearly as well.not only…but…as well不但，而且eg.I not only spoke English very carefully,but very clearly as well.==I not only spoke English very carefully,but also very clearly.我讲英语不但非常认真而且咬字也非常清楚。The porter,however,could not understand me.I repeated my question several times and at last he understood.然而这个搬运工却不能听懂我的话，however在这里表转折，我把话重复了几遍，and在这里表示顺承的关系，最后他懂了。Understand是及物动词后面接宾语，understood在这里是不及物动词后面无宾语。He answered me,but he spoke neither slowly nor clearly.neither…nor…既不…也不…eg.They worked neigher for fame nor for personal gains.他们工作既不图名也不图利。eg.She could neither speak the language nor write it.这门语言她既不会说也不会写。‘I am a foreigner,’I said.Then he spoke slowly,but I could not understand him.But强调转折关系My teacher never spoke English like that!like that像那样eg.I don’t like dishonest person like him.我不喜欢像他那样不诚实的人。eg.Like father,like son.有其父，必有其子。（谚）feel like想要，意欲feel like doing…想要做…eg.I am tired.I don’t feel like dancing today.我累了，我今天不想跳舞。The porter and I looked at each other and smiled.Then he said something and I understood it.’You’ll soon learn English!’he said.I wonder.In England,each person speaks a different language.The English understand each other,but I don’t understand them!Do they speak English?I wonder==I am not sure.the English英国人English指英语eg.English is very interesting.eg.The English are very friendly.四、练习Exercise 1.My sister went shopping.I went shopping.(Both…and)→Both my sister and I went shopping.2.We got very tired.We got very hungry.(not only…but…as well)→We not only got very tired but very hungry as well.3.It was three o’clock.We could not get lunch.We had a cup of tea.(and…so)→It was three o’clock and we could not get lunch so we had a cup of tea.Exercise 1.He didn’t speak slowly and he didn’t speak clearly____.A.neither B.either C.too D.nor他讲得不慢，他讲得也不清楚。分析：B.否定句中either表示“也不”；A.两者都不，一般不用于带否定词not的否定句中：C.也，只能用于肯定句中；D.不能单独使用，只能与neither连用，表示“既不…也不…”2.He said something and I understood it.He said something____I understood.A.who B.whose C.whom D.which他讲了一些事，我懂了，他讲了一些我懂的事情，分析：A.只能引导修饰人的定语从旬：B.只能作定语从句中的定语；C.只能作定语从句中的宾语，指人而不能指物：D.可以作定语从句中的宾语，指物.3.I repeated my question several times.I repeated it____times.A.much B.a number of C.only a few D.three我把问题重复了几次分析：本句需要选一个与several（几个）意思相近的词，A.很多.通常修饰不可数名同；B.几个，许多：C.只有少数；D.二个，太绝对化了.4.He will agree to do what you require____him.A.of B.from C.to D.for他会同意你要求他做的事情分析：Require sth of sb指示，命令某人做某事六、补充内容量词A variety of 1）各种各样的，多种多样的例:The library had a wide variety of books.图书馆里有各种各样的书籍。2)–种，一类例：There were several varieties of roses.有好几种玫瑰.A wealth of大量的，丰富的例:Jim has a whole wealth of teaching experience.吉姆具有丰富的教学经验。